Chithokomiro nodule: chomwe chingakhale, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za chithokomiro
• Zomwe mayeso akuyenera kuchita
• Zizindikiro zoti chotupacho chimatha kukhala khansa
• Mitundu ya chithokomiro nodule
• Momwe mungachitire chithokomiro nodule
• Zomwe zimayambitsa chithokomiro nodule
• Momwe chithokomiro chimagwirira mimba

Nthenda ya chithokomiro ndi chotupa chochepa chomwe chimapezeka m'chigawo cha khosi ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosaopsa ndipo sichimayimira chifukwa chodera nkhawa kapena chosowa chithandizo, makamaka kwa anthu okalamba. Komabe, nthawi zonse zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mutu uliwonse ukayesedwe ndi endocrinologist kapena wamkulu wa akatswiri kuti afufuze chomwe chikuyambitsa.

Chifukwa chake, mayesero angapo amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi vuto kapena zizindikilo zakusokonekera zikutsimikiziridwa, zomwe zimafunikira mayeso ena kuti apeze khansa ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera. Onani zomwe zikuwonetsa khansa ya chithokomiro.

Zizindikiro za chithokomiro

Mitundu yambiri yamtundu wa chithokomiro siyimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse, kudziwika ndi kupezeka kwa 'chotupa' m'khosi. Komabe, nthawi zina, ma nodule a chithokomiro amatha kupanga zisonyezo monga:

• Chikhure;
• Kutupa kwa khosi;
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kumeza;
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chomveka;
• Kunjenjemera ndi mantha;
• Kuwopsya kapena kutayika kwa mawu.

Ngati pali kukayikira zakupezeka kwa chithokomiro nodule, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukaonane ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wazamaphunziro.

Zomwe mayeso akuyenera kuchita

Matenda a chithokomiro amapangidwa ndi dokotala kudzera pakuwunika kwakuthupi pogwiritsa ntchito khosi. Pakazindikiritsa, amafunsidwa mayeso a labotale, monga TSH, T3, T4, anti-TPO ndi calcitonin, ndi mayeso ojambula, monga ultrasound ndi chithokomiro scintigraphy.

Kuchokera pazotsatira za mayeso omwe afunsidwa, adokotala atha kupempha kuti akwaniritse Fine Needle Aspiration Puncture (FNAP), momwe kachitsanzo kakang'ono ka nodule kamachotsedwa ndikutumizidwa ku labotale kukasanthula ndi kutsimikizira zaubwino.kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Dziwani mayeso omwe amafufuza chithokomiro.

Zizindikiro zoti chotupacho chimatha kukhala khansa

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zitha kuwonetsa kuti chotupacho chitha kukhala choyipa komanso kuti ndi khansa ndi pamene:

• Nole yolimba ndikukula mwachangu:
• Zaka zosakwana 20 kapena kupitirira zaka 60;
• Noduleyo ili ndi m'mbali mosakhazikika;
• Pali kusintha kwa mawu monga kukalipa kapena kufooka kwa zingwe zamawu;
• Matenda ena a khansa ya chithokomiro m'banja;
• Munthuyo anali atalandira kale mankhwala a radiation kumutu ndi m'khosi.

Pali maphunziro omwe akuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa TSH kukuwonetsa kuti noduleyo imatha kukhala yoyipa, komabe anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi khansa ya chithokomiro sanasinthe mayesedwe amwazi kapena biopsy, pokhapokha atazindikira pambuyo pofufuza atachotsa nodule.

Munthuyo akakhala ndi mutu umodzi wokha mpaka 1 cm m'mimba mwake, bola ngati siwowopsa, adotolo sangatchule mtundu uliwonse wamankhwala, kungosonyeza magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro cha ultrasound ndi magazi.

Mitundu ya chithokomiro nodule

Pozindikiritsa nthenda ya chithokomiro, mtundu wake uyenera kuwunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Doppler ultrasonography kuti muwone ngati ndiyabwino, yoyipa komanso njira zothandizirazo. Gulu lingachitike:

Katswiri wa zamaphunziro amatha kudziwa mtundu wa chithokomiro monga:

• Zosokoneza bongo: misa yocheperapo kuposa fupa, chifukwa chake, noduleyo imatha kudzazidwa ndi madzi kapena mpweya;
• Zosokoneza: misa yolimba yolimba mofanana ndi fupa komanso yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira;
• Zosokoneza maganizo: misa yolimba kwambiri kuposa fupa, yomwe imatha kuwonetsa chithokomiro chotupa chokhala ndi calcification.

Mitsempha yamagazi yokhala ndi vascularization yapakati imatha kukhala zotupa zoyipa.

Momwe mungachitire chithokomiro nodule

Mankhwalawa amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati munthuyo ali ndi zizindikilo, pomwe pali chiopsezo cha khansa ya chithokomiro kapena nthendayi ikaposa 3 cm. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi awa:

• Opaleshoni: imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamankhwala akuluakulu kuposa 3 cm ndipo ngati pali nodule yoyipa yochotsa ma cell onse a khansa, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa kupuma kapena kumeza, popeza timakhala tambiri. Phunzirani zonse za opaleshoni kuti muchotse chithokomiro.
• Azitsamba a Levothyroxine, monga Synthroid kapena Levoid: amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasintha mahomoni, tomwe timayambitsa hypothyroidism.

Mukalandira chithandizo ndi opareshoni, pangafunike kutenganso m'malo mwa ma hormone komanso kupita kukaonana pafupipafupi, osachepera kawiri pachaka, kwa endocrinologist.

Onani momwe mungapewere ndi kuthana ndi mavuto a chithokomiro muvidiyo yotsatirayi:

Zomwe zimayambitsa chithokomiro nodule

Zomwe zimayambitsa sizikudziwikabe, koma zimadziwika kuti azimayi ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri komanso kuti omwe ali ndi anthu ena m'banjamo omwe ali ndi chotupa cha chithokomiro amakhala ndi zotupa zotere.

Momwe chithokomiro chimagwirira mimba

Mkazi yemwe ali ndi chotupa m'chiberekochi savutikanso kutenga pakati kuposa enawo. Komabe, kupezeka kwa chotupa mu chithokomiro nthawi yapakati kumatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwa mahomoni ndipo, ngati izi zitachitika, mayi wapakati ayenera kumwa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuwongolera momwe chithokomiro chimagwirira ntchito, kuteteza mwana kuti abadwe atachedwa kukula thupi kapena malingaliro, mwachitsanzo.