Ndi Fuko Lomwe Lili pamavuto, Ndi Nthawi Yothetsa Kusalidwa Kwa Vuto la Opioid

Tsiku lililonse, anthu oposa 130 ku United States amataya miyoyo yawo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito opioid. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti anthu opitilira 47,000 adataya vuto lowopsa la opioid mu 2017 lokha.

Anthu zana ndi makumi atatu patsiku ndianthu odabwitsa - {textend} ndi omwe sangachedwe posachedwa. M'malo mwake, akatswiri amati vuto la opioid likhoza kukulirakulira lisanakhale bwino. Ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafa ndi ma opioid kwatsika m'maiko ena, kukuwonjezekabe mdziko lonse. (Chiwerengero cha opioid overdoses chinawonjezeka ndi 30 peresenti m'dziko lonse pakati pa Julayi 2016 ndi Seputembara 2017.)

Mwachidule, tikukumana ndi mavuto azaumoyo ambiri omwe amatikhudza tonsefe.

Ndikofunika kudziwa, komabe, kuti azimayi amakhala ndi zoopsa zawo pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka opioid. Amayi amatha kukhala ndi ululu wosaneneka, mwina wokhudzana ndi zovuta monga nyamakazi, fibromyalgia, ndi migraine kapena zinthu monga uterine fibroids, endometriosis, ndi vulvodynia zomwe zimachitika mwa akazi okha.

Kafukufuku apeza kuti azimayi amatha kupatsidwa ma opioid kuti athetse ululu wawo, pamlingo waukulu komanso kwakanthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, pakhoza kukhala zizolowezi zosewera zomwe zimapangitsa azimayi kukhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ma opioid kuposa amuna. Kafukufuku wowonjezera amafunikiranso kuti mumvetse chifukwa chake.

Opioids amaphatikizapo mankhwala opweteka omwe amalandira komanso heroin. Kuphatikiza apo, opioid yopanga yotchedwa fentanyl, yomwe imalimba nthawi 80 mpaka 100 kuposa morphine, yawonjezera ku vutoli. Poyamba kupangidwa kuti athetse ululu wa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa, fentanyl nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ku heroin kuti iwonjezere mphamvu zake. Nthawi zina zimadziwika kuti ndi heroin wamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera kuthekera kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndi kufa mopitirira muyeso.

Oposa gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu achikulire ku US adagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka mu 2015, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo omwe amamwa mankhwala opweteka samazigwiritsa ntchito molakwika, ena amatero.

Mu 2016, anthu mamiliyoni 11 adavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ma opioid mchaka chatha, akunena zifukwa monga kufunika kochepetsa ululu, kuthandiza kugona, kumva bwino kapena kukwera, kuthandiza ndikumverera kapena kutengeka, kapena kuwonjezera kapena kuchepa zotsatira za mankhwala ena.

Ngakhale anthu ambiri amafotokoza kuti akufunika kumwa ma opioid kuti athetse ululu wakuthupi, zimawerengedwa kuti ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ngati atenga zochuluka kuposa momwe amafunira kapena kumwa mankhwalawo popanda mankhwala awo.

Zonsezi zikupitilizabe kukopa amayi, mabanja awo, komanso madera. Akatswiri amati, mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi 4 mpaka 6 peresenti ya omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma opioid adzagwiritsa ntchito heroin, pomwe zovuta zina zomwe zimakhudza amayi makamaka zimaphatikizapo neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), gulu lazomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakuwonetsedwa kwa mwana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo atengedwa ndi amayi awo oyembekezera.

Monga namwino wovomerezeka yemwe akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a amayi ndi a fetus, ndikudziwa ndekha kufunikira kwa anthu omwe amalandila chithandizo monga matenda opioid use (OUD), ndi zotsatira zoyipa za amayi ndi makanda pomwe mankhwalawa sachitika. Ndikudziwanso kuti mliriwu sukusala - {textend} umakhudza amayi ndi makanda ochokera kumagulu onse azachuma.

Zowonadi, aliyense amene amamwa ma opioid ali pachiwopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, pomwe 2 mwa anthu 10 omwe amafunafuna chithandizo cha OUD ndi omwe angathe kuchipeza akafuna. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuthana ndi manyazi komanso manyazi omwe amagwirizana ndi OUD - {textend} ndikulimbikitsa azimayi ambiri kuti alandire chithandizo chofunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wathanzi.

Kuti tichite izi, tiyenera:

Dziwani kuti OUD ndimatenda azachipatala. OUD sikusankha, komanso sichizindikiro cha kufooka kwamakhalidwe kapena kufooka kwa munthu. M'malo mwake, monga matenda ena, vuto logwiritsa ntchito opioid lingachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala.

Zotsalira zochepa pamankhwala ndikugawana zotsatira. Okhazikitsa malamulo amatha kulumikizana kuti chithandizo chamankhwala cha OUD chilipo, ndichabwino komanso chothandiza, ndipo chimapereka zotsatira zotsimikizika, ndikuthandizanso kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha odwala polimbikitsa kufalitsa inshuwaransi ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cha ogula.

Lonjezani ndalama zothandizira kuchipatala kwa OUD. Magulu aboma ndi aboma omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zaumoyo, zaumoyo, omvera oyamba, komanso makhothi akuyenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti athandizire kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala cha OUD.

Ganizirani mawu omwe timagwiritsa ntchito pokambirana za OUD. Nkhani yomwe inalembedwa m'magazini yotchedwa JAMA inanena, mwachitsanzo, kuti madokotala ayenera kuyang'ana "chilankhulo chodzaza," m'malo mwake kuti m'malo mwake tizilankhula ndi odwala athu omwe ali ndi OUD monga momwe timachitira tikachiza munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Chofunika kwambiri, ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukukhala ndi OUD, tiyenera kupewa kudziimba mlandu. Kugwiritsa ntchito opioid kumatha kusintha ubongo wanu, kutulutsa zolakalaka zamphamvu ndikukakamizidwa zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala kosavuta kukhala osuta komanso ovuta kusiya. Izi sizitanthauza kuti zosinthazi sizingachiritsidwe kapena kusintha, komabe. Kungoti msewu wobwerera udzakhala wolimba.

Beth Battaglino, RN ndi CEO wa HealthyWomen. Wakhala akugwira ntchito yazaumoyo kwazaka zopitilira 25 akuthandiza kutanthauzira ndikuyendetsa mapulogalamu amaphunziro azigawo pazinthu zambiri zaumoyo wa amayi. Ndi namwino wochita zaumoyo wamayi.