Magawo a Osteoarthritis a Knee
Zamkati
Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.
Magawo a nyamakazi
Osteoarthritis (OA) imagawidwa m'magawo asanu. Gawo 0 limaperekedwa ku bondo labwinobwino, lathanzi. Gawo lapamwamba kwambiri, 4, limaperekedwa ku OA yovuta. OA yomwe yatukuka kumeneyi imatha kupweteketsa kwambiri ndikusokoneza mayendedwe olumikizana.
Gawo 0
Gawo 0 OA amadziwika kuti ndi "wabwinobwino" kukhala wathanzi. Bondo limodzi silikuwonetsa zizindikiritso za OA komanso magwiridwe antchito popanda kuwonongeka kapena kupweteka.
Mankhwala
Palibe chithandizo chofunikira pa gawo 0 OA.
Gawo 1
Munthu yemwe ali ndi gawo 1 OA akuwonetsa kukula kwakung'ono kwamfupa. Bone spurs ndikukula kwa boney komwe kumakonda kukula pomwe mafupa amakumana molumikizana.
Wina yemwe ali ndi gawo 1 OA nthawi zambiri samva kuwawa kapena kukhumudwa chifukwa chovala kocheperako pazolumikizira.
Mankhwala
Popanda zizindikiro zakunja za OA zochizira, madokotala ambiri sangakufunseni kuti mulandire chithandizo chilichonse cha gawo loyamba la OA.
Komabe, ngati muli ndi vuto la OA kapena muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mutenge zowonjezera, monga chondroitin, kapena kuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse zizindikilo zazing'ono za OA ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa nyamakazi.
Gulani zowonjezera za chondroitin.
Gawo 2
Gawo 2 OA la bondo limawerengedwa kuti ndi "gawo lofatsa" la vutoli. X-ray yamafundo am'bondo panthawiyi iwonetsa kukula kwakukula kwa mafupa, koma khungwa nthawi zambiri limakhala laling'ono, mwachitsanzo, danga pakati pamafupa ndilabwino, ndipo mafupa sakupukutana kapena kukwapana.
Pakadali pano, madzimadzi a synovial amakhalapobe pamlingo wokwanira kuyenda limodzi.
Komabe, awa ndi gawo pomwe anthu amatha kuyamba kukumana ndi zipsinjo-kupweteka atayenda tsiku lonse kapena kuthamanga, kulimba kwakukulu palimodzi pomwe sikugwiritsidwe ntchito kwa maola angapo, kapena kufatsa pogwada kapena kupindika.
Mankhwala
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zomwe mungachite ngati muli ndi OA. Dokotala wanu atha kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira matendawa koyambirira kumeneku. Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti mutha kupanga njira yoletsera vutoli kuti lisapitirire.
Njira zingapo zochiritsira zitha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chochepa cha OA. Mankhwalawa makamaka si a pharmacologic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simuyenera kumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse chizindikiro.
Ngati mukulemera kwambiri, kuchepa thupi kudzera pazakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo zazing'ono ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino. Ngakhale anthu omwe alibe kunenepa kwambiri, adzapindulanso ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosafunikira komanso kulimbitsa mphamvu kumatha kulimbikitsa minofu yolumikizana, yomwe imawonjezera bata ndikuchepetsa mwayi wowonjezerapo gawo limodzi.
Tetezani kulumikizana kwanu kuti musachite khama popewa kugwada, kunyinyirika, kapena kudumpha. Zingwe ndi zokutira zitha kuthandizira kukhazikika bondo lanu. Kuyika nsapato kumatha kuthandizanso kuwongolera mwendo wanu ndikuchotsani zovuta zomwe mumayika palimodzi.
Sakani zolimbitsa maondo.
Gulani zolowetsa nsapato.
Anthu ena angafunike mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka pang'ono. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kutenga ma NSAID kapena acetaminophen (monga Tylenol) kuti muchepetse ululu, muyeneranso kuyesa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchepa thupi, ndi kuteteza bondo lanu kupsinjika kosafunikira.
Gulani ma NSAID.
Kuchiza kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwalawa kumatha kubweretsa mavuto ena. Ma NSAID amatha kuyambitsa zilonda zam'mimba, mavuto amtima, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi chiwindi. Kutenga mlingo waukulu wa acetaminophen kungayambitse chiwindi.
Gawo 3
Gawo 3 OA amadziwika kuti OA "ochepa". Pakadali pano, cartilage pakati pamafupa imawonetsa kuwonongeka, ndipo malo pakati pamafupa amayamba kuchepa. Anthu omwe ali ndi gawo 3 OA ya bondo amatha kumva kupweteka pafupipafupi akamayenda, kuthamanga, kupindika, kapena kugwada.
Amathanso kulumikizana molumikizana atakhala nthawi yayitali kapena akadzuka m'mawa. Kutupa kophatikizana kumatha kukhalapo pakatha nthawi yayitali, komanso.
Mankhwala
Ngati mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala sakugwira ntchito kapena saperekanso ululu womwe adachitapo kale, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mankhwala enaake otchedwa corticosteroids.
Mankhwala a Corticosteroid amaphatikizapo cortisone, mahomoni omwe awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa kupweteka kwa OA mukabayidwa pafupi ndi cholumikizira.Cortisone imapezeka ngati mankhwala opangira mankhwala, koma imapangidwanso mwachilengedwe ndi thupi lanu.
Majakisoni ena a corticosteroid amatha kuperekedwa katatu kapena kanayi pachaka. Zina, monga triamcinolone acetonide (Zilretta), zimaperekedwa kamodzi kokha.
Zotsatira za jakisoni wa corticosteroid zimatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Komabe, inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa corticosteroid mosamala. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumatha kukulitsa kuwonongeka kwamagulu.
Ngati ma NSAID kapena ma acetaminophen sakugwiranso ntchito, mankhwala opweteka, monga codeine ndi oxycodone, atha kuthandizira kuthetsa ululu wochulukirapo womwe amapezeka pagawo lachitatu la OA. Kwa kanthawi kochepa, mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu wopweteka kwambiri.
Komabe, mankhwala osokoneza bongo samalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwakanthawi chifukwa chowopsa cha kulolerana komanso kudalira kotheka. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo kunyoza, kugona, ndi kutopa.
Anthu omwe samayankha mankhwala osamalitsa a OA-thupi, kuwonda, kugwiritsa ntchito ma NSAID ndi ma analgesics-atha kukhala oyenera kulandira viscosupplementation.
Viscosupplements ndi intra-articular jakisoni wa hyaluronic acid. Chithandizo chodziwika bwino chogwiritsa ntchito viscosupplement chimafuna jakisoni imodzi kapena isanu ya hyaluronic acid, yoperekedwa sabata limodzi. Pali majakisoni ochepa omwe amapezeka ngati jakisoni wa kamodzi.
Zotsatira za jakisoni wothandizira ma viscosupplementation sizichitika mwachangu. M'malo mwake, zimatha kutenga milungu ingapo kuti chithandizo chonse chimveke, koma kupumula ku zizindikilo kumatenga miyezi ingapo. Sikuti aliyense amayankha jakisoni ameneyu.
Gawo 4
Gawo 4 OA imawerengedwa kuti ndi "yovuta." Anthu omwe ali mu gawo la 4 OA la bondo amamva kupweteka kwambiri komanso kusasangalala akamayenda kapena kusuntha cholumikizira.
Izi ndichifukwa choti malo olumikizirana pakati pa mafupa achepetsedwa kwambiri - karotiyo yatha pafupifupi, kusiya kulumikizana kolimba komanso mwina kusayenda. Madzi a synovial achepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo samathandizanso kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pazigawo zosunthika za cholumikizira.
Mankhwala
Kuchita opaleshoni ya mafupa, kapena osteotomy, ndi njira imodzi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi OA yamondo. Pochita izi, dokotalayo amadula fupa pamwambapa kapena pansi pa bondo kuti afupikitse, kutalikitsa, kapena kusintha magwiridwe ake.
Kuchita opareshoni iyi kumasuntha kulemera kwa thupi lanu kutali ndi mfundo za mafupa pomwe kukula kwakukulu kwa mafupa kumawonjezeka komanso kuwonongeka kwa mafupa. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumachitika nthawi zambiri kwa odwala achichepere.
Kusintha kwathunthu kwa mawondo, kapena arthroplasty, ndi njira yomaliza kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi OA ya bondo. Pochita izi, dokotalayo amachotsa olumikizira omwe awonongeka ndikuwapangira pulasitiki ndi chitsulo.
Zotsatira zoyipa za opaleshoniyi zimaphatikizapo matenda omwe amapezeka pamalo ochepetsera magazi ndi magazi. Kubwezeretsa pantchitoyi kumatenga milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ndipo kumafuna chithandizo chokwanira chakuthupi ndi pantchito.
N'zotheka kuti kuchotsa bondo lanu la nyamakazi sikudzakhala kutha kwa mavuto anu a mawondo a OA. Mungafunike maopaleshoni owonjezera kapena kusintha maondo ena nthawi yonse ya moyo wanu, koma ndi mawondo atsopano, atha kukhala kwazaka zambiri.
Zolemba Zaposachedwa
Kuwongolera Nthawi Yakumapeto: Nthawi Yoyambira Ndi Momwe Mungapangire Nthawi Yochezera Kusangalala
