Khansa ya Ovarian

Zamkati

• Onaninso za

Chaka chilichonse, pafupifupi amayi 25,000 amapezeka ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero, yomwe ndi yachisanu yomwe imayambitsa imfa ya khansa - zomwe zachititsa kuti anthu oposa 15,000 afa mu 2008 mokha. Ngakhale kuti imakhudza azimayi 60 kapena kupitilira apo, 10 peresenti ya milandu imapezeka mwa azimayi ochepera zaka 40. Dzitchinjirizeni tsopano.

Ndi chiyani

Thumba losunga mazira, lomwe lili m'chiuno, ndi mbali ya ziwalo zoberekera za amayi. Ovary iliyonse imakhala pafupifupi kukula kwa amondi. Mitsempha yamagazi imatulutsa mahomoni achikazi a estrogen ndi progesterone. Amatulutsanso mazira. Dzira limayenda kuchokera mchiberekero kudzera m'chiberekero kupita ku chiberekero (chiberekero). Mzimayi akamadwala msambo, mazira ake amasiya kutulutsa mazira ndikupanga mahomoni otsika kwambiri.

Khansa zambiri zamchiberekero chimakhala cha ovarian epithelial carcinomas (khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo omwe ali pamwamba pa ovary) kapena zotupa zamagulu owopsa (khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo a dzira).

Khansara yamchiberekero imatha kulowerera, kukhetsa, kapena kufalikira ku ziwalo zina:

• Chotupa choopsa cha m'chiberekero chimakula ndi kulowa m'ziwalo zomwe zili pafupi ndi dzira, monga machubu ndi chiberekero.
• Maselo a khansa amatha kukhetsa (kuchoka) kuchokera ku chotupa chachikulu cha ovarian. Kukhetsa m'mimba kungayambitse zotupa zatsopano pamwamba pa ziwalo zapafupi ndi minofu. Dokotala akhoza kutchula mbewu kapena implants.
• Maselo a khansa amatha kufalikira kudzera m'mitsempha kupita ku ma lymph nodes m'chiuno, pamimba, ndi pachifuwa. Maselo a khansa amathanso kufalikira kudzera m'magazi mpaka ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi mapapo.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Madokotala sangafotokoze nthawi zonse chifukwa chomwe mayi wina amadwala khansa ya m'chiberekero pomwe wina samatero. Komabe, tikudziwa kuti azimayi omwe ali ndi ziwopsezo zina akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wambiri kuposa ena kukhala ndi khansa yamchiberekero:

• Mbiri ya banja la khansa Amayi omwe ali ndi amayi, mwana wamkazi, kapena mlongo yemwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mimba amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa. Komanso, azimayi omwe ali ndi mbiri yapa khansa ya m'mawere, pachiberekero, m'matumbo, kapena m'matumbo amathanso kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowopsa cha khansa yamchiberekero.
  
  Ngati amayi angapo m'banja ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere kapena ya m'mawere, makamaka ali aang'ono, izi zimaonedwa kuti ndi mbiri yakale ya banja. Ngati muli ndi mbiri yolimba ya banja lanu la khansa ya ovary kapena khansa ya m'mawere, mungafune kulankhula ndi mlangizi wokhudzana ndi majini kuti akuyeseni inu ndi amayi a m'banja lanu.
  
• Mbiri yakale ya khansa Amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere, pachiberekero, m'matumbo, kapena m'matumbo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mimba.
  
• Zaka Amayi ambiri amakhala azaka zopitilira 55 akapezeka ndi khansa yamchiberekero.
  
• Osayembekezera Azimayi achikulire omwe sanatenge mimba ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya m'mimba.
  
• Mankhwala a Menopausal hormone Kafukufuku wina wanena kuti azimayi omwe amatenga estrogen mwa iwo okha (popanda progesterone) kwa zaka 10 kapena kupitilira apo akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya m'mimba.

Zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike: kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa talcum, kapena kunenepa kwambiri. Sizikudziwika ngati awa ali pachiwopsezo, koma ngati atero, sizowopsa.

Zizindikiro

Khansa yoyambirira yamchiberekero siyimatha kuyambitsa zizindikiritso zowonekera-19% yokha yamatenda imapezeka msanga. Koma, pamene khansa ikukula, zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo:

• Kupanikizika kapena kupweteka m'mimba, pelvis, msana, kapena miyendo
• Mimba yotupa kapena yotupa
• Nsautso, kudzimbidwa, mpweya, kudzimbidwa, kapena kutsegula m'mimba
• Kutopa

Zizindikiro zochepa zomwe zimapezeka ndi izi:

• Kupuma pang'ono
• Kumva kufunika kokodza nthawi zambiri
• Kutuluka magazi mwachilendo (nthawi yolemetsa, kapena kutuluka magazi mutatha kusamba)

Matendawa

Ngati muli ndi chizindikiro chomwe chikusonyeza khansara ya ovari, dokotala wanu anganene chimodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:

• Mayeso akuthupi Izi amayang'ana zizindikiro zonse za thanzi. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukanikiza pamimba panu kuti awone zotupa kapena kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi (ascites). Chitsanzo chamadzimadzi chitha kutengedwa kuti chifufuze ma cell a khansa yamchiberekero.
  
• Mayeso a mchiuno Dokotala wanu amamva thumba losunga mazira ndi ziwalo zapafupi zamatumba kapena kusintha kwina pamapangidwe kapena kukula kwake. Ngakhale kuyesa kwa Pap ndi gawo limodzi la mayeso am'chiuno, sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze khansa ya m'mimba, koma ngati njira yodziwira khansa ya pachibelekero.
  
• Kuyesa magazi Dokotala wanu amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso amwazi kuti awone kuchuluka kwa zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza CA-125, chinthu chomwe chimapezeka pamwamba pama cell a khansa yamchiberekero komanso pamatenda ena abwinobwino. Mulingo wapamwamba wa CA-125 ukhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa kapena zovuta zina. Mayeso a CA-125 sagwiritsidwa ntchito okha kuti azindikire khansa ya m'mawere. Amavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration kuti iwone momwe mayi amayankhira kuchipatala cha khansa ya m'mimba komanso pozindikira kubwerera kwake atalandira chithandizo.
  
• Ultrasound Mafunde akumveka kuchokera pachipangizo cha ultrasound amachokera ku ziwalo zamkati mwa chiuno kuti apange chithunzi chamakompyuta chomwe chitha kuwonetsa chotupa chamchiberekero. Kuti muwone bwino thumba losunga mazira, chipangizocho chitha kulowetsedwa mu nyini (transvaginal ultrasound).
  
• Chisokonezo Biopsy ndi kuchotsa minofu kapena madzi kuti muyang'ane maselo a khansa. Malingana ndi zotsatira za kuyesa magazi ndi ultrasound, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni opaleshoni (laparotomy) kuchotsa minofu ndi madzi m'mimba ndi m'mimba kuti mupeze khansa ya m'mimba.

Ngakhale amayi ambiri ali ndi laparotomy yodziwitsa, ena ali ndi njira yotchedwa laparoscopy. Dokotala amalowetsa chubu (la laparoscope) yopyapyala, yowala pang'ono pamimba. Laparoscopy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa chotupa chaching'ono, chosaopsa kapena khansa yoyambirira yamchiberekero. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito podziwa ngati khansa yafalikira.

Ngati ma cell a khansa yamchiberekero amapezeka, wodwalayo amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa ma cell. Maphunziro 1, 2, ndi 3 amafotokoza momwe maselo a khansa amawonekera. Maselo a khansa ya Gulu 1 sangakule ndikufalikira ngati maselo a Gulu 3.

Kusinthana

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti adziwe ngati khansa yafalikira:

• Kujambula kwa CT kupanga zithunzi za ziwalo ndi minyewa ya m'chiuno kapena pamimba: Makina opangira x-ray>olumikizidwa ndi kompyuta amatenga zithunzi zingapo. Mutha kulandira zofananira pakamwa komanso kubayidwa m'manja kapena m'manja. Zinthu zosiyanazi zimathandizira ziwalo kapena ziwalo kuwonekera bwino.
  
  X-ray pachifuwa amatha kuwonetsa zotupa kapena madzimadzi
  
• Barium enema x-ray matumbo apansi. Barium imafotokozera matumbo pa ma x-ray. Madera otsekedwa ndi khansa atha kuwonekera pama x-ray.
  
• Colonoscopy, panthawi yomwe dokotala wanu amalowetsa chubu chowala motalika mu rectum ndi colon kuti mudziwe ngati khansara yafalikira.

Awa ndi magawo a khansa yamchiberekero:

• Gawo I: Maselo a khansa amapezeka mchiberekero chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri pamwamba pa thumba losunga mazira kapena m'madzi otengedwa m'mimba.
• Gawo II: Maselo a khansa afalikira kuchokera pachimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri kupita kumatundu ena m'chiuno monga zotupa kapena chiberekero, ndipo amatha kupezeka mumadzimadzi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera pamimba.
• Gawo III: Maselo a khansa afalikira kumatimidwe kunja kwa mafupa a chiuno kapena kumatenda am'magawo. Maselo a khansa amatha kupezeka kunja kwa chiwindi.
• Gawo IV: Maselo a khansa afalikira ku minofu kunja kwa mimba ndi chiuno ndipo amatha kupezeka m'chiwindi, m'mapapu, kapena ziwalo zina.

Chithandizo

Dokotala wanu akhoza kufotokoza zosankha zanu zachipatala ndi zotsatira zomwe mukuyembekezera. Amayi ambiri amachitidwa maopaleshoni ndi chemotherapy. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuchiza khansa kumatha kukhudza ma cell a khansa m'chiuno, m'mimba, kapena m'thupi lonse:

• Chithandizo cham'deralo Kuchita maopaleshoni ndi ma radiation ndi njira zochiritsira zakomweko. Amachotsa kapena kuwononga khansa ya ovarian m'chiuno. Khansara ya ovari ikafalikira mbali zina za thupi, mankhwala am'deralo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa matendawa m'malo mwake.
• Intraperitoneal chemotherapy Chemotherapy ikhoza kuperekedwa mwachindunji m'mimba ndi m'chiuno kudzera mu chubu chopyapyala. Mankhwalawa amawononga kapena kuwongolera khansa m'mimba ndi m'chiuno.
• Chemotherapy yokhazikika Chemotherapy ikamamwa pakamwa kapena kulowetsedwa mumtsempha, mankhwalawa amalowa m'magazi ndikuwononga kapena kuwongolera khansa mthupi lonse.

Inu ndi dokotala mutha kugwira ntchito limodzi kuti mupange dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe lingakwaniritse zosowa zanu zamankhwala ndi zomwe mukufuna.

Chifukwa chithandizo cha khansa nthawi zambiri chimawononga maselo athanzi ndi minofu, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofala. Zotsatira zake zimadalira makamaka mtundu ndi kukula kwa mankhwala. Zotsatira zoyipa sizingafanane ndi mayi aliyense, ndipo zimatha kusintha kuyambira gawo limodzi kupita kwina. Asanayambe mankhwala, gulu lanu lazaumoyo lidzakufotokozerani zoyipa zomwe zingachitike ndikupatseni njira zokuthandizani kuthana nazo.

Mungafune kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kutenga nawo mbali mu mayesero a zachipatala, kafukufuku wofufuza njira zatsopano zothandizira. Mayesero azachipatala ndi njira yofunikira kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi magawo onse a khansa yamchiberekero.

Opaleshoni

Dokotala wa opaleshoni amapanga kudula kwautali mu khoma la pamimba. Kuchita opaleshoni kotereku kumatchedwa laparotomy. Ngati khansa yamchiberekero ipezeka, dokotalayo amachotsa:

• mazira onse ndi mazira (salpingo-oophorectomy)
• chiberekero (hysterectomy)
• omentum (phula lochepetsetsa, lamafuta lomwe limakwirira matumbo)
• pafupi ndi ma lymph nodes
• zitsanzo za minofu kuchokera m'chiuno ndi pamimba

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Ngati khansara yafalikira, dokotalayo amachotsa khansa yambiri momwe angathere. Izi zimatchedwa "debulking" opaleshoni.

Ngati muli ndi khansa yoyambirira yamchiberekero, momwe mungachitire opaleshoni zimadalira ngati mukufuna kutenga pakati ndikukhala ndi ana. Amayi ena omwe ali ndi khansa yoyambirira kwambiri ya ovari amatha kusankha ndi adotolo kuti akhale ndi ovary imodzi, chubu chimodzi, ndipo omentum achotsedwe.

Mutha kukhala osasangalala masiku angapo oyamba mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Mankhwala angathandize kuchepetsa ululu wanu. Musanachite opareshoni, muyenera kukambirana zaumoyo wanu ndi dokotala kapena namwino. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha ndondomekoyi. Nthawi yomwe amachira atachitidwa opaleshoni ndi yosiyana kwa mayi aliyense. Pakhoza kukhala milungu ingapo kuti mubwerere kuzinthu zachilendo.

Ngati simunayambenso kusiya kusamba, opaleshoni ikhoza kuyambitsa kutentha, kuuma kwa nyini, ndi kutuluka thukuta usiku. Zizindikirozi zimayamba chifukwa cha kutaya mwadzidzidzi kwa mahomoni achikazi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena namwino za zizindikilo zanu kuti mupange dongosolo la chithandizo limodzi. Pali mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa moyo zomwe zingathandize, ndipo zizindikiro zambiri zimatha kapena kuchepa pakapita nthawi.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa khansa kupha ma cell a khansa. Amayi ambiri amakhala ndi chemotherapy ya khansa yamchiberekero atachitidwa opaleshoni. Ena amalandira mankhwala a chemotherapy asanachite opareshoni.

Kawirikawiri, amapatsidwa mankhwala oposa limodzi. Mankhwala a khansa ya ovarian amatha kuperekedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Ndi mitsempha (IV): Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa kudzera mu chubu chopyapyala cholowetsedwa mumtsempha.
• Ndi mitsempha komanso molunjika m'mimba: Amayi ena amalandila IV chemotherapy pamodzi ndi intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy. Pa chemotherapy ya IP, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera mu chubu chochepa kwambiri cholowetsedwa m'mimba.
• Pakamwa: Mankhwala ena a khansa ya ovary amatha kuperekedwa pakamwa.

Chemotherapy imayendetsedwa mozungulira. Nthawi iliyonse yothandizira imatsatiridwa ndi nthawi yopuma. Kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma komanso kuchuluka kwa mizere kumadalira mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kulandira chithandizo kuchipatala, ku ofesi ya dokotala, kapena kunyumba. Amayi ena angafunike kugona mchipatala akamalandira chithandizo.

Zotsatira za chemotherapy zimadalira makamaka mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa komanso kuchuluka kwake. Mankhwalawa amatha kuvulaza maselo abwinobwino omwe amagawika mwachangu:

• Maselo a magazi: Maselo amenewa amalimbana ndi matenda, amathandiza magazi kuundana, ndi kunyamula mpweya kupita ku ziwalo zonse za thupi lanu. Mankhwala akamakhudza maselo am'magazi anu, mumakhala ndi mwayi wopeza matenda, ndikupunduka kapena kutuluka magazi mosavuta, ndikudzimva kufooka kwambiri komanso kutopa. Gulu lanu lazachipatala limakufufuzani ngati mulibe magazi. Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kukuwonetsa kutsika, gulu lanu lingakupatseni mankhwala omwe angathandize thupi lanu kupanga maselo atsopano amwazi.
• Maselo mumizu yatsitsi: Mankhwala ena amatha kupangitsa tsitsi kuwonongeka. Tsitsi lanu limakula, koma limatha kukhala losiyana mtundu ndi kapangidwe kake.
• Maselo omwe amayendetsa gawo logaya chakudya: Mankhwala ena amatha kuyambitsa njala, nseru ndi kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena zilonda mkamwa ndi milomo. Funsani gulu lanu lachipatala za mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuthetsa vutoli.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yamchiberekero amatha kuyambitsa vuto lakumva, kuwonongeka kwa impso, kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe, ndi kumva kulira kapena dzanzi m'manja kapena m'mapazi. Zambiri mwa zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimatha chithandizo chatha.

Chithandizo cha radiation

Thandizo la radiation (lomwe limatchedwanso radiotherapy) limagwiritsa ntchito cheza champhamvu kupha ma cell a khansa. Makina akuluakulu amawongolera ma radiation pathupi.

Thandizo la radiation siligwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pochiza khansa ya m'chiberekero, koma lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa ululu ndi mavuto ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matendawa. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Chithandizo chilichonse chimatenga mphindi zochepa.

Zotsatira zake zimadalira makamaka kuchuluka kwa ma radiation operekedwa komanso gawo la thupi lanu lomwe limathandizidwa. Thandizo la radiation pamimba panu ndi m'chiuno mwanu limatha kuyambitsa nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena chimbudzi chamagazi. Komanso, khungu lanu m'dera lothandizidwa limatha kukhala lofiira, louma komanso lofewa. Ngakhale zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zowawa, dokotala amatha kuzithandiza kapena kuzilamulira, ndipo zimatha pang'onopang'ono mankhwala akatha.

Kusamalira

Khansara ya m'mawere ndi chithandizo chake chingayambitse matenda ena. Mutha kulandira chisamaliro chothandizira kupewa kapena kuwongolera mavutowa ndikukhalitsa moyo wabwino komanso wabwino.

Gulu lanu lazaumoyo litha kukuthandizani pamavuto awa:

• Ululu Dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wowongolera ululu angakupatseni njira zochepetsera kapena kuchepetsa ululu.
• Kutupa pamimba (kuchokera kumapangidwe amadzimadzi amtundu wotchedwa ascites) Kutupa kumatha kukhala kosasangalatsa. Gulu lanu lazachipatala limatha kuchotsa madzimadzi nthawi zonse zikamakula.
• Matumbo oletsedwa Khansa imatha kutseka m'matumbo. Dokotala wanu akhoza kutsegula kutsekeka ndi opaleshoni.
• Miyendo yotupa (kuchokera ku lymphedema) Miyendo yotupa imakhala yosasangalatsa komanso yovuta kuipinda. Mutha kupeza ma masewero olimbitsa thupi, kutikita minofu, kapena mabandeji oponderezedwa kukhala othandiza. Madokotala akuthupi ophunzitsidwa kusamalira lymphedema angathandizenso.
• Kupuma pang'ono Khansa yayikulu imatha kupangitsa kuti madzi azituluka m'mapapu, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Gulu lanu la zaumoyo likhoza kuchotsa madzimadzi nthawi zonse pamene amamanga.

> Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zolimbitsa thupi

Ndikofunikira kuti amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mimba azisamalira. Kudzisamalira kumaphatikizapo kudya bwino komanso kukhala otanganidwa momwe mungathere. Muyenera kuchuluka kwa ma calories kuti mukhale olemera. Mufunikanso mapuloteni okwanira kuti mukhalebe olimba. Kudya bwino kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale bwino komanso kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Nthawi zina, makamaka mukalandira chithandizo kapena mutangolandira kumene, mwina simukufuna kudya. Mutha kukhala osamasuka kapena otopa. Mutha kupeza kuti zakudya sizimakoma ngati kale. Kuphatikiza apo, zoyipa zamankhwala (monga kusowa chakudya, nseru, kusanza, kapena zilonda zam'kamwa) zimatha kupangitsa kuti kudya kusakhale kovuta. Dokotala wanu, katswiri wazakudya wolembetsedwa, kapena wothandizira zaumoyo wina angakupatseni njira zothetsera mavutowa.

Amayi ambiri amapeza kuti akumva bwino akamakhalabe achangu. Kuyenda, yoga, kusambira, ndi zochitika zina zimatha kukupatsani mphamvu ndikukulitsa mphamvu zanu. Zochita zilizonse zomwe mungasankhe, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala musanayambe. Komanso, ngati zochita zanu zimakupweteketsani kapena mavuto ena, onetsetsani kuti mukudziwitsa dokotala kapena namwino.

Chithandizo chotsatira

Muyenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa yamchiberekero. Ngakhale pakakhala kuti palibenso zizindikiro zilizonse za khansa, matenda nthawi zina amabwerera chifukwa ma cell a khansa omwe sanapezeke amakhalabe penapake m'thupi lanu mukalandira chithandizo.

Kuyezetsa kumathandiza kuwonetsetsa kuti kusintha kulikonse paumoyo wanu kuzindikirika ndikuthandizidwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Kuyeza kungaphatikizepo mayeso a m'chiuno, kuyezetsa kwa CA-125, kuyezetsa magazi kwina, ndi mayeso oyerekeza.

Ngati muli ndi mavuto aliwonse azaumoyo pakati pofufuzidwa, funsani dokotala wanu.

Kafukufuku

Madokotala mdziko lonselo akuchita mitundu yambiri yamayesero azachipatala (kafukufuku omwe anthu amadzipereka kutenga nawo mbali). Akuwerenga njira zatsopano komanso zabwino zopewera, kuzindikira, ndikuchiza khansa yamchiberekero.

Mayesero azachipatala adapangidwa kuti ayankhe mafunso ofunikira komanso kudziwa ngati njira zatsopano zili zotetezeka komanso zothandiza. Kafukufuku watsogolera kale, ndipo ofufuza akupitiliza kufunafuna njira zabwino. Ngakhale mayesero azachipatala atha kukhala ndi zoopsa zina, ofufuza amachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti ateteze odwala awo.

Pakati pa kafukufuku amene akuchitika:

• Maphunziro opewera: Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya ovarian, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chikhoza kuchepetsedwa pochotsa mazira asanadziwike khansa. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumatchedwa prophylactic oophorectomy. Amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere akutenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera kuti aphunzire za ubwino ndi kuipa kwa opaleshoniyi. Madokotala ena akuphunzira ngati mankhwala ena angathandize kupewa khansa yamchiberekero mwa amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kafukufuku wowunika: Ofufuzawa akuphunzira njira zopezera khansa ya m'mimba mwa amayi omwe alibe zizindikilo.
• Maphunziro a chithandizo: Madokotala akuyesa mankhwala atsopano ndi osakaniza atsopano. Akuwerenga zamankhwala, monga ma monoclonal antibodies omwe amatha kumangika ndi maselo a khansa, zosokoneza kukula kwa maselo a khansa komanso kufalikira kwa khansa.

Ngati mukufuna kukhala nawo pamayeso azachipatala, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena pitani ku http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials. Akatswiri Azidziwitso a NCI ku 1-800-4-CANCER kapena ku LiveHelp ku http://www.cancer.gov/help atha kuyankha mafunso ndikupatsanso zambiri zamayeso azachipatala.

Kupewa

Nazi njira zitatu zosavuta zodzitetezera ku khansa ya ovarian:

1. Idyani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri. Kaloti ndi tomato amanyamula ma antioxidants carotene ndi lycopene, ndipo kuwadya pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya ovari mpaka 50 peresenti. Uku kunali kutha kwa chipatala cha Brigham ndi Women's Hospital, Boston, kuyerekeza amayi 563 omwe anali ndi khansa ya ovary ndi 523 omwe sanatero.

Ochita kafukufuku akuti akufuna kupangira kapu ya msuzi wa phwetekere (gwero la lycopene) kapena mankhwala ena a phwetekere ndi kaloti zisanu zosaphika sabata iliyonse. Zakudya zina zokhala ndi antioxidant zolumikizidwa mu kafukufukuyu ku chiopsezo chochepa cha khansa ya ovarian ndi sipinachi, zilazi, cantaloupe, chimanga, broccoli ndi malalanje. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku waposachedwa kuchokera ku Harvard School of Public Health akuwonetsa kuti kaempferol, antioxidant mu broccoli, kale, strawberries ndi manyumwa, atha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya ovari ndi 40%.

2. Muzisenda pogona. Amayi omwe amakhala maola asanu ndi limodzi patsiku kapena kupitirira atakhala munthawi yopuma akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopitilira matendawa kuposa 50%, kuposa omwe amakhala achangu, inatero kafukufuku ku National Cancer Institute.

3. Talingalirani kutuluka piritsi. Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti hormone yotchedwa progestin, yomwe imapezeka m’njira zambiri zolerera pakamwa, ingachepetse ngozi ndi 50 peresenti ikatengedwa kwa zaka zisanu kapena kupitirirapo.

Kuchokera ku National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.org)

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