Kujambula Pancreas

Zamkati

• Kodi pali mitundu yoposa imodzi yopangira kapamba?
• Ndani amapereka kapamba?
• Zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti alandire kapamba?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani asanapange kapamba?
• Kodi kuziika kapamba kumachitika bwanji?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikangowonjezera kapamba?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zimakhalapo ndikumanga kapamba?
• Kodi ndikutenga kotani kwa wina amene angaganize zokhala ndi kapamba?

Kodi kumangika kapamba ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amangochita ngati njira yomaliza, kumuika kapamba kwakhala chithandizo chofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba. Zilonda zapancreas nthawi zina zimachitika mwa anthu omwe amafunikira mankhwala a insulin ndipo amakhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Komabe, izi sizodziwika kwenikweni.

Kuika kansalu koyambirira kwamunthu kunamalizidwa mu 1966. United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) ikunena kuti zopitilira 32,000 zachitika ku United States pakati pa Januware 1988 ndi Epulo 2018.

Cholinga chomuika ndikubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi mthupi. Zilonda zopangidwazo zimatha kupanga insulini yothetsera kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi. Imeneyi ndi ntchito yomwe zikondamoyo zomwe zilipo kwa munthu wothandizidwa sangathenso kuchita bwino.

Kuika kapamba kumachitika makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena. Sichichitidwa kawirikawiri kuchiza khansa zina.

Kodi pali mitundu yoposa imodzi yopangira kapamba?

Pali mitundu ingapo yopangira kapamba. Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi kapamba kokha (PTA). Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nephropathy - kuwonongeka kwa impso kuchokera ku matenda ashuga - amatha kulandira zoperekera ndi impso za omwe amapereka. Njirayi imatchedwa kumuika munthawi yomweyo kapamba (impso).

Njira zofananira zimaphatikizapo kapamba pambuyo pa impso (PAK) ndi impso pambuyo pa kapamba (KAP).

Ndani amapereka kapamba?

Wopereka kapamba nthawi zambiri amakhala munthu yemwe amadziwika kuti wafa-ubongo koma amakhalabe pamakina othandizira moyo. Woperekayo akuyenera kukwaniritsa zomwe zimafunikira, kuphatikiza kukhala wazaka zina komanso wathanzi.

Mitsempha ya woperekayo iyeneranso kufanana ndi thupi la wolandirayo. Izi ndizofunikira kuthandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokana. Kukanidwa kumachitika pamene chitetezo cha wolandila chimachita molakwika ku chiwalo choperekedwa.

Nthawi zina, opereka pancreatic amakhala amoyo. Izi zikhoza kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, ngati wolandirayo angapeze woperekayo yemwe ndi wachibale wapafupi, monga mapasa ofanana. Wopereka moyo amapereka gawo la kapamba wawo, osati chiwalo chonse.

Zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti alandire kapamba?

Pali anthu opitilira 2,500 pamndandanda womwe ukuyembekezera mtundu wina wamatenda opangira ziwindi ku United States, inatero UNOS.

Malinga ndi a Johns Hopkins Medicine, munthu wamba amadikirira chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri kuti achite SPK. Anthu omwe amalandila zina, monga PTA kapena PAK, amatha zaka zopitilira ziwiri pamndandanda wodikirira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani asanapange kapamba?

Mudzalandira mayeso a zamankhwala pamalo opangira ziwalo musanayike ziwalo zilizonse. Izi ziphatikiza kuyesedwa kangapo kuti mudziwe thanzi lanu, kuphatikiza kuyesa thupi. Katswiri wa zamankhwala pamalo opangira maulalo awunikiranso mbiri yanu yazachipatala.

Musanalandire kapamba, mayeso ena omwe mungakumane nawo ndi awa:

• kuyezetsa magazi, monga kulemba magazi kapena kuyezetsa HIV
• X-ray pachifuwa
• kuyesa kwa impso
• mayeso a neuropsychological
• maphunziro kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu ukugwirira ntchito, monga echocardiogram kapena electrocardiogram (EKG)

Njira yowunikirayi itenga mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri. Cholinga ndikuti muwone ngati ndinu woyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni komanso ngati mungakwanitse kuthana ndi mankhwala opatsirana pambuyo powaika.

Ngati zatsimikizika kuti kumuika kudzakhala koyenera kwa inu, ndiye kuti mudzaikidwa pamndandanda wodikirira wa malo opatsirana.

Kumbukirani kuti malo opatsirana osiyanasiyana atha kukhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana asanakwane. Izi zimasiyananso kutengera mtundu wa woperekayo komanso thanzi la wolandirayo.

Kodi kuziika kapamba kumachitika bwanji?

Ngati woperekayo wamwalira, dokotalayo amachotsa zikondamoyo zawo ndi gawo lina lamatumbo awo ang'onoang'ono. Ngati woperekayo ali moyo, dotolo wanu nthawi zambiri amatenga gawo limodzi la thupi ndi mchira wa kapamba wawo.

Njira ya PTA imatenga pafupifupi maola awiri kapena anayi. Njirayi imachitika pansi pa anesthesia, chifukwa chake womulandirayo sadziwa chilichonse kuti asamve kupweteka.

Dokotala wanu amadula pakatikati pamimba panu ndikuyika zoperekazo m'mimba mwanu. Kenako agwirizanitsa gawo latsopano la opatsirana m'matumbo omwe ali ndi kapamba (kuchokera kwa wopereka wakufa) m'matumbo anu ang'ono kapena operekera zopereka (kuchokera kwa wopereka moyo) pachikhodzodzo chanu cha mkodzo ndikulumikiza kapamba m'mitsempha yamagazi. Mphuno yomwe ilipo ya wolandirayo nthawi zambiri imakhala mthupi.

Kuchita opaleshoni kumatenga nthawi yayitali ngati impso imayikidwanso kudzera mu njira ya SPK. Dokotala wanu adzaphatikiza ureter wa impso ya woperekayo ku chikhodzodzo ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Ngati ndi kotheka, nthawi zambiri amasiya impso zomwe zilipo kale.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikangowonjezera kapamba?

Ataika pambuyo pake, olandila amakhala m'chipinda cha odwala mwakayakaya (ICU) m'masiku ochepa oyambilira kuti athe kuwunika bwino zovuta zilizonse. Pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri amasamukira kuchipatala kuti akachiritse.

Kuika kapamba kumaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala. Mankhwala a wolandila amafunika kuwunika kwambiri, makamaka popeza azitenga mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kuti athetse kukanidwa.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zimakhalapo ndikumanga kapamba?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi kuziyika ziwalo zilizonse, kuziika kapamba kumatha kukanidwa. Zimakhalanso ndi chiopsezo cholephera kapamba. Kuopsa kwa njirayi ndi kochepa, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma immunosuppressant. Palinso chiopsezo cha imfa chokhudzana ndi opaleshoni iliyonse.

Chipatala cha Mayo chimati kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu zapakati pazakudya zazing'ono ndi pafupifupi 91%. Malinga ndi a, theka la moyo (utali wautali bwanji) wokaika kapamba mu kusintha kwa SPK ndi zaka zosachepera 14. Ofufuzawo akuti kupulumuka kwa wolandila komanso kapamba kumtundu wamtunduwu kumatheka ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri komanso okalamba.

Madokotala amayenera kuganizira zopindulitsa za nthawi yayitali ndi zoopsa zake pobzala ndikuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.

Njira yokhayo imakhala ndi zoopsa zingapo, kuphatikizapo kutuluka magazi, kuundana kwa magazi, ndi matenda. Palinso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha hyperglycemia (shuga wambiri wamagazi) womwe umachitika nthawi ndi nthawi mukangomaliza kumene.

Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa pambuyo pomuika amathanso kuyambitsa mavuto ena. Omwe amawaika ndikuyenera kumwa ambiri mwa mankhwalawa nthawi yayitali kuti athetse kukanidwa. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• cholesterol yambiri
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• matenda oopsa
• kupatulira mafupa (kufooka kwa mafupa)
• kutayika kwa tsitsi kapena kukula kwambiri kwa amuna kapena akazi
• kunenepa

Kodi ndikutenga kotani kwa wina amene angaganize zokhala ndi kapamba?

Chiyambireni kupanga kapamba woyamba, pakhala pali kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pamachitidwe. Kupititsa patsogolo kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kusankha bwino kwa omwe amapereka ziwalo komanso kusintha kwa mankhwala opewera kuteteza thupi kukana.

Ngati dokotala wanu atazindikira kuti kumuika kapamba ndi njira yoyenera kwa inu, njirayi idzakhala yovuta. Koma pamene kupatsirana kwa mphukira kumachita bwino, olandirawo adzawona kusintha kwa moyo wawo.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe ngati kupatsirana kwa mphukira kuli koyenera kwa inu.

Anthu omwe akuganiza zopangira ziwalo amathanso kufunsa zida zothandizirana ndi zida zina zaulere ku UNOS.