Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT)

Zamkati

• Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani PAT?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha PAT?
• Zizindikiro za PAT ndi ziti?
• Kodi PAT imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi mankhwala a PAT ndi ati?
• Mankhwala
• Njira zamoyo
• Kuchotsa patheter
• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi PAT?
• Ndingapewe bwanji PAT?
• Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Kodi paroxysmal atrial tachycardia ndi chiyani?

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia ndi mtundu wa arrhythmia, kapena kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira. Paroxysmal amatanthauza kuti nthawi ya arrhythmia imayamba ndikutha mwadzidzidzi. Atrial amatanthauza kuti arrhythmia imayambira muzipinda zapamwamba za mtima (atria). Tachycardia amatanthauza kuti mtima ukugunda modabwitsa. Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) imadziwikanso kuti paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).

Mitundu ina ya tachycardia yomwe imayamba mu atria ndi iyi:

• matenda a fibrillation
• flutter yamatenda
• Matenda a Wolff-Parkinson-White

PAT imatha kupangitsa kugunda kwa mtima kwa wamkulu kuchoka pakati pa 60 ndi 100 kumenya pamphindi (bpm) mpaka pakati pa 130 ndi 230 bpm. Makanda ndi ana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitima yayikulu kuposa achikulire - pakati pa 100 ndi 130 bpm. Khanda kapena mwana akakhala ndi PAT, kugunda kwa mtima kwawo kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 220 bpm. PAT ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri ya tachycardia m'makanda ndi ana.

Nthawi zambiri vutoli siliwopseza moyo, koma limatha kukhala losasangalatsa. Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a Wolff-Parkinson-White amatha kuyamba kugunda kwamtima mofulumira komwe kumaopseza moyo.

Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani PAT?

PAT imachitika pamene zizindikilo zamagetsi zoyambira mumtima wa atria moto mosasinthasintha. Izi zimakhudza zikwangwani zamagetsi zotumizidwa kuchokera ku sinoatrial node, yomwe ndi pacemaker yachilengedwe yamtima wanu. Kugunda kwanu kwamtima kudzafulumira. Izi zimalepheretsa mtima wanu kuti ukhale ndi nthawi yokwanira yodzaza magazi musanapope magazi kuthupi lonse. Zotsatira zake, thupi lanu silingalandire magazi okwanira kapena mpweya wokwanira.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha PAT?

Amayi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha PAT kuposa amuna. Thanzi lanu lingakhudzenso chiopsezo chanu cha PAT.

Ngati mwatopa kapena muli ndi nkhawa muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli. Chiwopsezo chanu cha PAT chimakweranso mukamamwa mowa wambiri wa khofi kapena kumwa mowa tsiku lililonse.

Kukhala ndi mavuto ena amtima monga mbiri yamatenda amtima kapena matenda amitral valve kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo pamtima ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha PAT.

Zizindikiro za PAT ndi ziti?

Anthu ena samakumana ndi zizindikiro za PAT, pomwe ena amatha kuzindikira kuti:

• mutu wopepuka
• chizungulire
• kupweteka, kapena kuwonjezeka kwa mtima
• angina, kapena kuwawa pachifuwa
• kupuma

Nthawi zambiri, PAT imatha kuyambitsa:

• kumangidwa kwamtima
• kukomoka

Kodi PAT imapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni electrocardiogram (ECG) kuti muthandizire kuzindikira PAT. ECG imayesa magetsi mumtima mwanu. Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti mugone kenako ndikulumikiza ma electrode pachifuwa, mikono, ndi miyendo yanu. Muyenera kukhala chete ndikugwira mpweya wanu kwa masekondi ochepa. Ndikofunika kukhala chete ndikukhala omasuka. Ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono kungakhudze zotsatira.

Maelekitirodi pachifuwa panu, mikono, ndi miyendo amalumikizana ndi mawaya omwe amatumiza zochitika zamagetsi pamtima pa makina omwe amawasindikiza ngati mizere ya wavy. Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana izi kuti adziwe ngati kugunda kwa mtima wanu kuli kochuluka kuposa kwabwinobwino kapena kuli ndi chizolowezi chachilendo.

Muthanso kuyesedwa pamene mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mupeze zosintha mumtima mwanu mukapanikizika. Dokotala wanu angafunenso kuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kungakhale kovuta kupeza gawo lanu la PAT, chifukwa chake dokotala angafunenso kuti muvale chowunika cha Holter. Dokotala wanu adzaika ma elekitirodi awiri kapena atatu pachifuwa chanu, monga ECG. Mudzavala chipangizochi kwa maola 24 mpaka 48 (kapena kupitilira apo) mukamachita zochitika zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku, kenako ndikubwezeretsani kwa dokotala. Chipangizocho chidzalemba kugunda kwamtima kulikonse komwe kumachitika mukamavala.

Kodi mankhwala a PAT ndi ati?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PAT safuna chithandizo cha matenda awo. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni chithandizo kapena mankhwala ngati magawo anu amapezeka nthawi zambiri kapena atenga nthawi yayitali.

Vagal amayendetsa pang'onopang'ono kugunda kwa mtima wanu polimbikitsa mitsempha yanu ya vagus. Dokotala wanu atha kupereka lingaliro loti mugwiritse ntchito imodzi mwanjira zotsatirazi za vagal panthawi ya PAT:

• carotid sinus massage, kapena kuyika kupanikizika pang'ono pakhosi panu pomwe minyewa yanu ya carotid imayambira
• kuyika kupanikizika pang'ono kwa khungu lotsekedwa
• valsalva amayendetsa, kapena kukanikiza mphuno zanu limodzi ndikutulutsa mpweya m'mphuno mwanu
• yenda pansi pamadzi, kapena kumiza nkhope kapena thupi lanu m'madzi ozizira

Mankhwala

Ngati nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi zigawo za PAT ndipo zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa sizikubwezeretsani kugunda kwamtima kwanu, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala. Mankhwalawa atha kuphatikiza flecainide (Tambocor) kapena propafenone (Rythmol). Amapezeka m'mitundu ingapo. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani jekeseni muofesi yawo kapena mapiritsi omwe mutha kumwa panthawi yama PAT.

Njira zamoyo

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti muchepetse kumwa khofi kapena mowa, komanso kusiya kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito fodya. Afunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti mukupeza mpumulo wokwanira.

Kuchotsa patheter

Nthawi zambiri komanso zovuta kwambiri, dokotala wanu atha kunena kuti kuchotsedwa kwa catheter. Imeneyi ndi njira yopanda chithandizo yomwe imachotsa minofu m'dera lamtima yomwe imayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima.

Pochita izi, dokotala wanu adzaika catheter motsutsana ndi komwe kumayambitsa. Adzatumiza mphamvu pafupipafupi kudzera pa catheter kuti ipange kutentha kokwanira kuwononga malo oyenera.

Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi PAT?

Zovuta za PAT zimasiyana pamlingo ndi kutalika kwa kugunda kwamtima mwachangu. Zovuta zimasiyananso kutengera ngati muli ndi vuto lamtima.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi PAT atha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuundana kwamagazi komwe kumatha kudwala matenda amtima kapena sitiroko. Zikatero, madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala monga dabigatran (Pradaxa) kapena warfarin (Coumadin). Mankhwalawa amachepetsa magazi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha magazi. Nthawi zambiri, zovuta zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kwa mtima komanso mtima wamtima.

Ndingapewe bwanji PAT?

Njira yabwino yopewera PAT ndikupewa kusuta, komanso kuchepetsa kumwa mowa ndi zakumwa za khofi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso kupumula kokwanira kumalangizidwanso.Kukhala ndi zakudya zabwino komanso moyo wathanzi komanso kulemera kwanu moyenera kungathandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha PAT.

Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

PAT siimene ingawopseze moyo. Nthawi zomwe kugunda kwamtima kwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi kumakhala kovuta kuposa zowopsa. Maganizo a munthu amene ali ndi PAT nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino.