Kodi Pernicious Anemia Ingakhale Chifukwa Chomwe Mumatopa Kwambiri?

Zamkati

• Kodi kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi ndi chiyani?
• Kodi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kofala motani?
• Zizindikiro Zowopsa za Anemia
• Zomwe Zimayambitsa Anemia
• Chithandizo Chochepetsa Kutaya Kwa magazi
• Onaninso za

Zoona: Kumva kutopa apa ndi apo pali mbali yakukhala munthu. Kutopa nthawi zonse, komabe, kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda - kuphatikizapo china chake chotchedwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Mwinamwake mumadziŵa bwino za kuchepa kwa magazi m’thupi, mkhalidwe wofala wodziŵika ndi kusowa kwa maselo ofiira a m’magazi athanzi omwe angayambitse kutopa kwambiri, chizungulire, ndi kupuma movutikira.

Komano, kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri la magazi lomwe thupi silingathe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino vitamini B12, vitamini wofunikira pama cell ofiira athanzi, malinga ndi National Organisation for Rare Disorders (NORD). Mofananamo ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi koyipa kumadziwika makamaka ndi kutopa kosalekeza, mwazizindikiro zina, koma kuzindikira kuti kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumakhala kovuta.

Zotengera izi: Wophunzitsa otchuka Harley Pasternak posachedwa adafotokozera zomwe adakumana nazo ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. "Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndinali nditatopa, ndipo sindimatha kudziwa chomwe chinali cholakwika - ndimadya bwino, ndimachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndimayesa kugona tulo," adatero mu kanema wa Instagram. "Ndinayesedwa magazi, ndipo zinasonyeza kuti ndinalibe vitamini B12 m'thupi langa," ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse ndimadya zakudya zomwe zili ndi B12, anafotokoza Pasternak.

Atalandira zotsatirazi, a Pasternak adati adakulitsa zomwe adadya B12 kudzera pazowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera pa B12 spray mpaka mapiritsi a B12. Koma atamuyezetsa magazi anasonyeza kuti iyeyo komabe "analibe B12 mthupi [lake]," adagawana Pasternak. Pambuyo pake, ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndipo matendawa anali kulepheretsa thupi lake kuti lisamwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito B12, ngakhale atawonjezera ndikudya, adalongosola. (Zogwirizana: Kodi Kuperewera kwa Vitamini Kungawononge Ntchito Zanu?)

Pansipa, akatswiri amafotokoza zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kuchokera pazomwe zingayambitse vutoli momwe mungachiritsire.

Kodi kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi ndi chiyani?

Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumachitika thupi lanu likapanda kupanga maselo ofiira okwanira chifukwa sangagwiritse ntchito vitamini B12 yomwe mukumwa, malinga ndi National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Vitamini B12 imapezeka mumkaka, mazira, nsomba, nkhuku, ndi tirigu wolimba. (Zambiri apa: Chifukwa chiyani Mavitamini B Ndi Chinsinsi Cha Mphamvu Zambiri)

Ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, thupi lanu silingatenge vitamini B12 wokwanira pachakudya. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi lanu limakhala lopanda kanthu, mapuloteni opangidwa m'mimba, malinga ndi NHLBI. Zotsatira zake, mumakhala ndi vuto la vitamini B12.

FWIW, zinthu zina zingayambitse kusowa kwa vitamini B12, kotero kuti kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi sikudziwika ngati kuyezetsa magazi kukuwonetsa kuti muli ndi B12 yochepa. "Kukhala wosadyera komanso kusadya B12 wokwanira pazakudya zanu, kukhala ndi opaleshoni yopsereza m'mimba kuti muchepetse kunenepa, kuchuluka kwa bakiteriya m'matumbo, mankhwala monga mankhwala a acid reflux, metformin ya matenda ashuga, kapena matenda amtundu" zitha kuyambitsa vuto la vitamini B12 , atero Sandy Kotiah, MD, hematologist, oncologist, komanso director of The Neuroendocrine Tumor Center ku Mercy Medical Center ku Baltimore. (Zogwirizana: 10 Zolakwitsa Zolakwitsa Zomwe Vegans Amapanga - ndi Momwe Mungazikonzere)

Kodi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kofala motani?

Kuwonongeka kwa magazi m'thupi kumawonedwa ngati chinthu chosowa, kotero ndizovuta kunena ndendende kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amakumana nawo.

Choyamba, palibe "mgwirizano weniweni" kuchipatala pazomwe zimawoneka ngati vuto la vitamini B12, malinga ndi Pernicious Anemia Society (PAS). Izi zati, pepala la 2015 lofalitsidwa m'nyuzipepalayi Chipatala Akuti kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kumakhudza osachepera 3 peresenti ya akuluakulu aku US azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 39, 4 peresenti ya omwe ali pakati pa 40 ndi 59, ndi 6 peresenti ya akulu azaka 60 ndi akulu. Apanso, komabe, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi sikungakhale mlandu pazonsezi.

Zimakhalanso zovuta kudziwa kuti ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa mayeso a intrinsic factor, otchedwa Intrinsic Factor Antibody Test, ndi 50% okha molondola, malinga ndi PAS. Izi zili choncho chifukwa pafupifupi theka la omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi alibe ma antibodies odziwika, malinga ndi American Association for Clinical Chemistry.

Poganizira zonsezi, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti vutoli limakhudza pafupifupi 0.1 peresenti ya anthu wamba komanso pafupifupi 2% ya anthu azaka zopitilira 60. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ndizotheka, musamangodumpha kuti mutope nokha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Zizindikiro Zowopsa za Anemia

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi sadzakhala ndi zizindikiro, zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri, kapena, nthawi zina, zizindikiro sizidzawoneka mpaka zaka 30, malinga ndi National Library of Medicine. Sizikudziwika bwinobwino chifukwa chake, koma kuyambika kwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi nthawi zambiri kumachedwetsa ndipo kumatha zaka makumi ambiri, chifukwa chake zizindikilo sizingawonekere mtsogolo, malinga ndi NORD.

"Zitha kutenga zaka zingapo kuti zizindikiritso ziziyambika, kutengera komwe mudakhala ndi vitamini B12," atero a Jack Jacoub, MD, a hematologist ndi oncologist, komanso director director a MemorialCare Cancer Institute ku Orange Coast Medical Center ku Fountain Valley, California. Koma zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopitirira kutopa chabe. (Yokhudzana: Matenda Otha Kutopa Ndi Osiyanasiyana Kungokhala Otopa Nthawi Zonse)

Zizindikiro zowopsa za kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi monga:

• Kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa
• Nseru
• Kusanza
• Kupepuka pamutu pakuimirira kapena kuyesetsa
• Kutaya njala
• Khungu lotumbululuka
• Kupuma pang'ono, makamaka panthawi yolimbitsa thupi
• Kupsa mtima
• Lilime lotupa, lofiira kapena magazi m'kamwa (aka lilime lowopsa la kuchepa magazi)

Pakapita nthawi, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndipo kungayambitse zizindikiro zowonjezera, malinga ndi National Library of Medicine:

• Kusokonezeka
• Kulephera kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa
• Kupsinjika maganizo
• Kutaya mphamvu
• Dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa m'manja ndi m'mapazi
• Kuvuta kuganizira
• Kukwiya
• Ziwerengero
• Zonyenga
• Optic nerve atrophy (vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuwona bwino)

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Anemia

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, malinga ndi NHLBI:

• Kupanda intrinsic factor. Mukakhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, thupi lanu limapanga ma antibodies omwe amaukira ndikuwononga maselo a parietal, omwe amayendetsa m'mimba mwanu ndikupanga chinthu chamkati. (Akatswiri amati sizikudziwika chifukwa chake izi zimachitika.) Popanda chinthu china chofunikira, thupi lanu silingasunthire vitamini B12 kudzera m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, komwe amalowetsedwa, ndipo mumatha kukhala ndi vuto la B12 ndipo, nawonso, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
• Malabsorption m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumatha kuchitika chifukwa kuti m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono simutha kuyamwa vitamini B12. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya ena m'matumbo aang'ono, zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza kuyamwa kwa B12 (monga matenda a celiac), mankhwala ena, kuchotsa opaleshoni ya gawo kapena matumbo aang'ono, kapena, nthawi zina, matenda a tapeworm. .
• Zakudya zomwe zilibe B12. Bungwe la NHLBI lati zakudya "ndizofala" chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, koma nthawi zina zimathandizira, makamaka kwa "odyetsa okhwima" komanso ma vegans omwe samamwa vitamini B12.

Chithandizo Chochepetsa Kutaya Kwa magazi

Apanso, zakudya nthawi zina imathandizira kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, koma kwakukulu, chithandizo sichingakhale chothandiza ngati muli basi kudya kwambiri vitamini B12 kapena kumwa mankhwala enaake chifukwa sizimapangitsa kuti michereyo ikhale ndi bioavailable. "Kuperewera kwa B12 mu kuwonongeka kwa magazi m'thupi kumachitika [kawirikawiri] chifukwa cha ma autoantibodies omwe amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa B12 kokwanira m'matumbo aang'ono," akufotokoza motero Amanda Kaveney, MD, pulofesa wothandizira wa hematology pa yunivesite ya Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. (Zogwirizana: Zizindikiro Zochepa za Vitamini D Zomwe Aliyense Ayenera Kudziwa)

"Kuyesera kuthana ndi vuto la B12 potenga B12 yochulukirapo sikungathandize chifukwa muli ndi vuto la kuyamwa," akuwonjezera Dr. Jacoub.

M'malo mwake, chithandizo chimaganiziranso zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi lanu koyambirira, malinga ndi NHLBI. Mwambiri, National Library of Medicine imati mankhwala owopsa a kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi nthawi zambiri amakhala:

• Kuwombera mwezi uliwonse kwa vitamini B12; jakisoni wa B12 amathandizira kulambalala zopinga zomwe zitha kuyamwa. (Anthu omwe ali ndi B12 yotsika kwambiri angafunikire kuwombera pafupipafupi kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo.)
• Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena amawona bwino atamwa mankhwala owonjezera a vitamini B12 pakamwa. "Pali deta yosonyeza kuti ngati mutenga mavitamini B12 - 2,000 micrograms [pansi pa lilime], mwachitsanzo - ndipo mumamwa pang'ono pokha, kuti athe kukonza mavitamini B12 anu," akutero Dr. Kotiah. (Mwakutero, kuchuluka kwa vitamini B-12 tsiku lililonse ndi ma micrograms 2.4 okha.)
• Kutenga mtundu wina wa vitamini B12 kudzera mu mphuno ya mphuno (njira yomwe yawonetsedwa kuti mavitaminiwa asapezekenso nthawi zina).

Mfundo yofunika: Kutopa kosalekeza sikwachilendo. Mwina sizingakhale chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, koma mosasamala kanthu, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala za izi. Ayesanso kuyesa magazi kuti adziwe zomwe zikuchitika, ndikutenga zinthu kumeneko.

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