Phenylalanine: maubwino, zoyipa zake ndi magwero azakudya

Zamkati

• Kodi Phenylalanine ndi Chiyani?
• Ndikofunika Kuti Ntchito Yathu Yonse Ikwaniritsidwe
• Itha Kukhala Yothandiza Pazovuta Zamankhwala Zina
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Zakudya Zapamwamba ku Phenylalanine
• Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Phenylalanine ndi amino acid omwe amapezeka muzakudya zambiri ndipo thupi lanu limagwiritsa ntchito popanga mapuloteni ndi mamolekyulu ena ofunikira.

Adawerengedwa pazotsatira zake kukhumudwa, kupweteka komanso vuto la khungu.

Nkhaniyi ikukuwuzani zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za phenylalanine, kuphatikiza maubwino ake, zoyipa zake komanso magwero azakudya.

Kodi Phenylalanine ndi Chiyani?

Phenylalanine ndi amino acid, omwe ndi zomangira zomanga thupi m'thupi lanu.

Molekyu iyi imakhalapo m'mitundu iwiri kapena makonzedwe awiri: L-phenylalanine ndi D-phenylalanine. Amakhala ofanana koma amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono ().

Fomu ya L imapezeka muzakudya ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mapuloteni mthupi lanu, pomwe mawonekedwe a D amatha kupangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito munjira zina zamankhwala (2, 3).

Thupi lanu silimatha kupanga L-phenylalanine wokwanira lokha, chifukwa chake amawonedwa ngati amino acid wofunikira yemwe ayenera kupezeka kudzera pazakudya zanu (4).

Amapezeka mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana - zomera ndi zinyama ().

Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yake pakupanga mapuloteni, phenylalanine imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mamolekyulu ena ofunikira mthupi lanu, angapo omwe amatumiza zizindikilo pakati pamagulu osiyanasiyana amthupi ().

Phenylalanine adaphunziridwa ngati chithandizo cha zovuta zingapo zamankhwala, kuphatikiza zovuta za khungu, kukhumudwa komanso kupweteka (3).

Komabe, zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la majini phenylketonuria (PKU) (7).

Phenylalanine ndi amino acid wofunikira yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapuloteni ndikuwonetsa mamolekyulu. Adafufuza ngati chithandizo chamankhwala angapo koma ndiwowopsa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto linalake labwinobwino.

Ndikofunika Kuti Ntchito Yathu Yonse Ikwaniritsidwe

Thupi lanu limafunikira phenylalanine ndi ma amino acid ena kuti apange mapuloteni.

Mapuloteni ambiri ofunikira amapezeka muubongo, magazi, minofu, ziwalo zamkati mwanu komanso kwina kulikonse mthupi lanu.

Kuphatikiza apo, phenylalanine ndiyofunikira pakupanga mamolekyulu ena, kuphatikiza (3):

• Katemera: Amino acid uyu amapangidwa kuchokera ku phenylalanine. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mapuloteni atsopano kapena kusandulika mamolekyulu ena pamndandandawu (,).
• Epinephrine ndi norepinephrine: Mukakumana ndi kupsinjika, mamolekyuluwa ndiofunikira pakuyankha kwa "kulimbana kapena kuthawa" kwa thupi lanu ().
• Dopamine: Molekyu iyi imakhudzidwa ndikumverera kosangalala muubongo wanu, komanso kupanga zokumbukira komanso maluso ophunzirira ().

Mavuto ndi magwiridwe antchito a mamolekyuluwa amatha kuyambitsa zovuta (,).

Popeza phenylalanine imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mamolekyu amenewa mthupi lanu, awerengedwa ngati chithandizo chazinthu zina, kuphatikizapo kukhumudwa ().

Phenylalanine imatha kusinthidwa kukhala amino acid tyrosine, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mamolekyulu ofunikira. Mamolekyu amenewa amatengapo gawo pamagwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a thupi lanu, kuphatikiza momwe mumamvera komanso kupsinjika kwanu.

Itha Kukhala Yothandiza Pazovuta Zamankhwala Zina

Kafukufuku angapo adasanthula ngati phenylalanine itha kukhala yothandiza pochiza zovuta zina zamankhwala.

Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti atha kukhala othandiza pochiza vitiligo, matenda akhungu omwe amawononga khungu komanso kufufuma ().

Kafukufuku wina wanena kuti kuwonjezerapo zowonjezera za phenylalanine pakuwunika kwa UV kumatha kusintha utoto wakhungu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli (,).

Phenylalanine itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga molekyulu dopamine. Kulephera kwa dopamine muubongo kumalumikizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya kukhumudwa (,).

Kafukufuku m'modzi ang'onoang'ono wa anthu 12 adawonetsa phindu lomwe lingakhalepo chifukwa cha mitundu ya D- ndi L ya amino acid pochiza kukhumudwa, ndi 2/3 ya odwala omwe akuwonetsa kusintha ().

Komabe, pali zochepa zothandizira zina pazotsatira za phenylalanine pakukhumudwa, ndipo maphunziro ambiri sanapeze phindu lomveka (,,).

Kuphatikiza pa vitiligo ndi kukhumudwa, phenylalanine yaphunziridwa pazomwe zingayambitse:

• Ululu: Fomu ya D ya phenylalanine imatha kuthandizira kupweteketsa mtima nthawi zina, ngakhale zotsatira zophunzira ndizosakanikirana (2,,,).
• Kuchotsa mowa: Kafukufuku wocheperako akuwonetsa kuti amino acid, limodzi ndi ma amino acid ena, atha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zizindikilo zakumwa mowa ().
• Matenda a Parkinson: Umboni wochepa kwambiri ukusonyeza kuti phenylalanine itha kukhala yothandiza pochiza matenda a Parkinson, koma maphunziro ena amafunikira ().
• ADHD: Pakadali pano, kafukufuku sakuwonetsa zabwino za amino acid pochiza vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD) (,).

Phenylalanine atha kukhala othandiza pochiza matenda a khungu vitiligo. Umboni sapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha amino acid pochiza zovuta zina, ngakhale kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri wachitika.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Phenylalanine imapezeka mu zakudya zambiri zamapuloteni ndipo "amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka" ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (27).

Kuchuluka kwa amino acid amene amapezeka mu zakudya sikuyenera kuyika chiopsezo kwa anthu athanzi.

Zowonjezerapo, zotsatira zochepa kapena zochepa zomwe zimawonedwa kawirikawiri pamayeso owonjezera a 23-45 mg pa paundi (50-100 mg pa kg) ya kulemera kwa thupi (,).

Komabe, zingakhale bwino kuti amayi apakati apewe kumwa mankhwala a phenylalanine.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali chosiyana kwambiri ndi chitetezo cha amino acid.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la amino acid metabolism phenylketonuria (PKU) sangathe kuthana ndi phenylalanine moyenera. Amatha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa phenylalanine m'magazi awo pafupifupi 400 kuposa omwe alibe PKU (3, 7).

Kuwonjezeka kowopsa kumeneku kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwaubongo ndi kulemala kwa nzeru, komanso mavuto amtundu wa amino acid kupita kuubongo (7,).

Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa vutoli, ana amayesedwa ku PKU atangobadwa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi PKU amapatsidwa chakudya chama protein ochepa, omwe amasungidwa kwanthawi zonse (7).

Phenylalanine amadziwika kuti ndi wotetezeka m'zakudya zambiri. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la phenylketonuria (PKU) sangathe kupukusa amino acid ndipo ayenera kuchepetsa kumwa chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa.

Zakudya Zapamwamba ku Phenylalanine

Zakudya zambiri zimakhala ndi phenylalanine, kuphatikiza mbewu ndi nyama.

Zogulitsa za soya ndi zina mwazomera zabwino kwambiri za amino acid, komanso mbewu zina ndi mtedza, kuphatikiza nyemba za soya, nthanga za dzungu ndi mbewu za sikwashi ().

Mapuloteni a soya amatha kupereka pafupifupi 2.5 magalamu a phenylalanine pa 200-calorie Serv (, 29).

Zogulitsa nyama, mazira, nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyama zina ndizofunikira, zopereka mpaka magalamu awiri pa 200-calorie kutumikira (, 29).

Ponseponse, mwina simusowa kusankha mwapadera zakudya kutengera zomwe zili ndi phenylalanine.

Kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana zamapuloteni tsiku lonse kumakupatsani phenylalanine yonse yomwe mukufuna, komanso amino acid ena ofunikira.

Zakudya zambiri, kuphatikiza zinthu za soya, mazira, nsomba ndi nyama, zimakhala ndi phenylalanine. Kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana zamapuloteni tsiku lonse kumakupatsani ma amino acid omwe thupi lanu limafunikira, kuphatikiza phenylalanine.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Phenylalanine ndi amino acid wofunikira omwe amapezeka muzakudya zamasamba ndi nyama.

Itha kukhala ndi phindu pa matenda a khungu vitiligo, koma kafukufuku wazotsatira zake pakukhumudwa, kupweteka kapena zinthu zina ndizochepa.

Kawirikawiri zimawoneka ngati zotetezeka, koma anthu omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria (PKU) akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zowopsa.