Pneumothorax: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, mitundu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zimayambitsa pneumothorax
• 1. Pneumothorax yoyamba
• 2. Pneumothorax yachiwiri
• 3. Pneumothorax yowopsa
• 4. Pneumothorax yochuluka kwambiri
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pneumothorax imabwera pamene mpweya, womwe umayenera kukhala mkati mwa mapapo, umatha kuthawira m'malo opembedzera pakati pa mapapo ndi khoma lachifuwa. Izi zikachitika, mpweya umapanikiza mapapo, ndikupangitsa kugwa, ndipo pachifukwa ichi, sizachilendo kupuma kwambiri, kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kutsokomola.

Pneumothorax nthawi zambiri imachitika pambuyo povulala, makamaka pakadulidwa pachifuwa kapena pambuyo pangozi yapamsewu, koma imathanso kubwera chifukwa chodwala kapena ngakhale popanda chifukwa chilichonse, ngakhale ndizosowa kwenikweni.

Chifukwa zimatha kukhudza kupuma komanso kusintha magwiridwe antchito amtima, nthawi zonse pneumothorax ikayikiridwa, ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala mwachangu kuti mukatsimikizire kuti mwapezeka ndi kuyamba chithandizo choyenera, kupewa mavuto.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za pneumothorax ndi izi:

• Kupweteka kwakukulu komanso kwadzidzidzi, komwe kumawonjezeka mukamakoka;
• Kumva kupuma movutikira;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Khungu labuluu, makamaka zala ndi milomo;
• Kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima;
• Chifuwa nthawi zonse.

Poyamba, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zovuta kuzizindikira ndipo, chifukwa chake, zimadziwika kuti pneumothorax imangodziwika patadutsa kwambiri.

Zizindikirozi zitha kukhalanso pamavuto ena opuma ndipo, chifukwa chake, amayenera kuyesedwa ndi pulmonologist.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Nthawi zambiri, pneumothorax imatha kudziwika ndi chifuwa cha X-ray ndikuwunika zizindikiro, komabe, adotolo amathanso kuyitanitsa mayeso ena othandizira, monga computed tomography kapena ultrasound, kuti adziwe zambiri zomwe zimathandizira kusintha mankhwalawo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa pneumothorax

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse pneumothorax. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi chifukwa chake, pneumothorax imatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:

1. Pneumothorax yoyamba

Amawonekera mwa anthu opanda mbiri yamatenda am'mapapo komanso popanda chifukwa china chilichonse, kukhala ofala kwambiri mwa osuta komanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la pneumothorax m'banjamo.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ataliatali kapena azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 34 nawonso amawoneka kuti atha kukhala ndi mtundu uwu wa pneumothorax.

2. Pneumothorax yachiwiri

Pneumothorax yachiwiri imachitika ngati vuto la matenda ena, nthawi zambiri ndimavuto am'mbuyomu. Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamatenda am'mapapo monga chifukwa cha pneumothorax ndi COPD, cystic fibrosis, chifuwa chachikulu, matenda am'mapapo ndi pulmonary fibrosis.

Matenda ena omwe amathanso kubweretsa pneumothorax, koma omwe sagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mapapo ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, systemic sclerosis kapena dermatomyositis, mwachitsanzo.

3. Pneumothorax yowopsa

Mwinanso mtundu wa pneumothorax wofala kwambiri womwe umachitika pakachitika zoopsa m'chigawo cha thoracic, chifukwa chodulidwa kwambiri, nthiti zovulala kapena ngozi zapamsewu, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amayenda pamadzi amathanso kukhala ndi mtundu wa pneumothorax, makamaka ngati atakwera mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa chakusiyana kwakanthawi.

4. Pneumothorax yochuluka kwambiri

Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri za pneumothorax, momwe mpweya umadutsa kuchokera m'mapapu kupita kumalo opumira ndipo sungabwerere kumapapu, pang'onopang'ono kumadzikundikira ndikupangitsa kupanikizika kwakukulu pamapapu.

Mwa mtundu uwu, ndizotheka kuti zizindikirazo zimawonjezereka mwachangu, mwachangu kupita kuchipatala kukayamba mankhwala.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala ndikuchotsa mpweya wochulukirapo womwe umasonkhanitsidwa, kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kwamapapo ndikulola kuti iwonjezerenso. Pachifukwa ichi, mpweya nthawi zambiri umalakalaka ndi singano yolowetsedwa pakati pa nthiti kuti mpweya utuluke mthupi.

Pambuyo pake, munthuyo amayenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti awone ngati pneumothorax ipezekanso, ndikuyesedwa pafupipafupi. Ngati ipezekanso, pangafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti aikepo chubu chomwe chimachotsa mpweya nthawi zonse kapena kukonza kusintha kulikonse m'mapapu komwe kumapangitsa kuti mpweya uzisonkhana m'malo opembedzera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikanso kuzindikira chifukwa choyenera cha pneumothorax kuti mudziwe ngati pakufunika chithandizo china chazifukwa zake, kuti pneumothorax isadzachitikenso.