Zitsulo zolemera: zomwe ali ndi zizindikiro zakuledzera

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zakuledzera kwakukulu 6
• 1. Kutsogolera poyizoni
• 2. Arsenic poyizoni
• 3. Mercury poyizoni
• 4. Poizoni wa barium
• 5. Cadmium poyizoni
• 6. Poizoni wa Chromium

Zitsulo zolemera ndizinthu zamankhwala zomwe, momwe zimakhalira zoyera, ndizolimba ndipo zimatha kukhala zowopsa m'thupi zikadyedwa, ndipo zitha kuwononga ziwalo zosiyanasiyana m'thupi, monga mapapo, impso, m'mimba ngakhale ubongo.

Ngakhale zitsulo zina zolemera, monga mkuwa, ndizofunikira m'thupi mwazinthu zina, zina monga mercury kapena arsenic zitha kukhala zowopsa ndipo ziyenera kuzipewa. Zitsulozi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'madzi owonongeka ndipo, chifukwa chake, zimatha kuipitsanso mpweya komanso chakudya, zomwe zimatha kudwalitsa zaka.

Zitsulo zolemera sizimayambitsa matenda akangoyamba kukhudzana ndi thupi, komabe, zimatha kudziunjikira m'maselo amthupi, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto monga kusintha kwa impso, kuwonongeka kwaubongo ndipo pali kukayikira kuti atha kukulirakulira chiopsezo cha khansa.

Onani momwe mungapewere kukhudzana ndi zitsulo zolemera.

Zizindikiro zakuledzera kwakukulu 6

Zitsulo 6 zolemera zomwe ndizowopsa ku thanzi ndi mercury, arsenic, lead, barium, cadmium ndi chromium. Kutengera mtundu wachitsulo chomwe chimakhazikika mthupi, zizindikilo zimatha kusiyanasiyana:

1. Kutsogolera poyizoni

Kawirikawiri poizoni wa lead amakhala ovuta kuzindikira, ndipo ngakhale anthu omwe amawoneka athanzi amatha kukhala ndi mtovu wambiri m'thupi. Komabe, pamene mtovu umasonkhana mthupi, mtovu umawoneka kuti umayambitsa:

• Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi minofu;
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi;
• Nthawi zonse m'mimba ululu;
• Zovuta zokumbukira ndi kusinkhasinkha;
• Kuchepa kwa magazi popanda chifukwa chomveka.

Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, impso, ubongo ngakhale kutaya mimba kumatha kukhala ndi amayi apakati kapena kusabereka mwa abambo.

Kumene kuli: Mtovu ukhoza kupezeka m'chilengedwe chonse, kuphatikiza mpweya, madzi ndi nthaka, chifukwa ndichitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale popanga zinthu monga mabatire, mapaipi amadzi, utoto kapena mafuta, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: wina ayenera kupewa kukhala ndi zinthu ndi chitsulo chotere kunyumba, makamaka kuikira kapena zopaka pakhoma.

2. Arsenic poyizoni

Arsenic ndi mtundu wa chitsulo cholemera chomwe chingayambitse mawonekedwe a:

• Nseru, kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri;
• Mutu ndi chizungulire;
• Kusintha kwa kayimbidwe ka mtima;
• Kumangoyang'ana mmanja komanso m'mapazi nthawi zonse.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuoneka mpaka mphindi 30. Komabe, kuchuluka kwake kukakhala kotsika kwambiri, chitsulo ichi chimadzikundikira pang'onopang'ono m'thupi ndipo, munthawi imeneyi, pamakhalanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa pakhungu, m'mapapu, pachiwindi kapena chikhodzodzo.

Kumene kuli: itha kupezeka mu utoto, utoto, mankhwala, sopo, komanso feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, arsenic imapezekanso m'madzi azitsime zomwe sizimayesedwa nthawi zonse ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi Companhia de Água e Esgotos - CDAE.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi chitsulo chamtunduwu komanso kupewa kudya chakudya ndi utoto kapena madzi osatenthedwa.

3. Mercury poyizoni

Kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi mercury nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa zizindikilo monga:

• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Kutsekula m'mimba nthawi zonse;
• Kumva kuda nkhawa pafupipafupi;
• Kugwedezeka;
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi.

M'kupita kwanthawi, poyizoni wazitsulo zamtunduwu amathanso kuyambitsa impso ndi ubongo, komanso kusintha kwa masomphenya, mavuto akumva ndi kukumbukira.

Kumene kuli: Madzi owonongeka, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi mercury, kulumikizana ndi mkati mwa nyali kapena mabatire ndi mankhwala ena amano.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: osadya madzi kapena chakudya chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chaipitsidwa, komanso kusinthanitsa zinthu zonse zomwe zili ndi mercury, makamaka ma thermometer ndi nyali zakale.

Mvetsetsani bwino zomwe zimachitika m'thupi mukadetsedwa ndi mercury.

4. Poizoni wa barium

Barium ndi mtundu wa chitsulo cholemera chomwe sichimayambitsa khansa, komabe, chimatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro monga:

• Kusanza;
• Kukokana m'mimba ndi kutsegula m'mimba;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Minofu kufooka.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ena amathanso kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kumene kuli: mitundu ina ya nyali za fulorosenti, zophulika ndi moto, utoto, njerwa, zidutswa za ceramic, galasi, labala komanso mayeso ena azidziwitso.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: pewani kupita kumalo omanga opanda chigoba choteteza kuti mupewe kupumira kapena kumeza fumbi lodetsedwa ndi barium.

5. Cadmium poyizoni

Kuyamwa kwa cadmium kumatha kuyambitsa:

• Kuwawa kwam'mimba;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Kutsekula m'mimba.

Popita nthawi, kumeza kapena kupuma chitsulo ichi kungayambitsenso matenda a impso, mavuto am'mapapo komanso kufooka kwa mafupa.

Kumene kuli: dothi kapena miyala yamtundu uliwonse, komanso malasha, feteleza amchere, mabatire ndi mapulasitiki azoseweretsa zina.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: osagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo chamtunduwu ndikupewa kusuta, popeza ndudu ili ndi makala omwe amathandizira kulumikizana pakati pa cadmium ndi mapapo.

6. Poizoni wa Chromium

Mtundu waukulu wa chromium kuledzera ndi chifukwa cha kupuma. Izi zikachitika, zizindikiro monga:

• Mphuno kuyabwa;
• Kupuma kovuta;
• Mphumu ndi chifuwa chosalekeza.

M'kupita kwanthawi, zilonda zosatha m'chiwindi, impso, kayendedwe ka magazi ndi khungu zimatha kuoneka.

Komwe ili: the chromium imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosapanga dzimbiri, simenti, pepala ndi mphira ndipo, chifukwa chake, imatha kupumira mosavuta pamalo omanga kapena pakuwotcha pepala kapena labala, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa: wina ayenera kuyendera malo omanga ndi chigoba chokha ndikupewa kuwotcha pepala kapena labala.