Njira Zapamwamba Zapamwamba Zopangira 10 ndi Momwe Mungatenge

Zamkati

• 1. Albendazole
• 2. Mebendazole
• 3. Nitazoxanide
• 4. Piperazine
• 5. Pirantel
• 6. Ivermectin
• 7. Thiabendazole
• 8. Secnidazole
• 9. Metronidazole
• 10. Praziquantel
• Ndani sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mphutsi
• Zosankha zopangira nyongolotsi
• Momwe mungapewere kuyipitsidwanso

Mankhwala ochiritsira nyongolotsi amachitika kamodzi, koma mitundu ya masiku 3, 5 kapena kupitilira apo ingawonetsedwenso, yomwe imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala kapena nyongolotsi yomwe iyenera kumenyedwa.

Zithandizo za nyongolotsi ziyenera kutengedwa nthawi zonse malinga ndi zomwe adokotala amamuuza ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa ngati nyongolotsi zikupezeka poyesa kapena pamene matenda akukayikiridwa kudzera kuzizindikiro monga njala yochulukirapo, kuchepa kwambiri kapena kusintha kwa m'matumbo am'magalimoto, mwachitsanzo. Onani zizindikiro zazikulu za nyongolotsi.

Njira zazikuluzikulu zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito ndikuchita kwawo pamtundu uliwonse wa nyongolotsi ndi:

1. Albendazole

Albendazole ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa amalimbana ndi tiziromboti tambiri, monga Ascariasis, Trichocephaliasis, Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), Hookworm, Strongyloidiasis, Teniasis ndi Giardiasis. Zochita zake zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa maselo ndi ziphuphu za mphutsi ndi protozoa, zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: kawirikawiri, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Albendazole ndi 400 mg, muyezo umodzi, wothandizira achikulire ndi ana opitilira zaka ziwiri, malinga ndi kapepala kameneka. Komabe, nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito kumatha kulangizidwa ndi dokotala kwa nthawi yayitali, monga masiku atatu ngati Strongyloidiasis ndi Teniasis, kapena masiku asanu, ngati Giardiasis, mwachitsanzo.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kupweteka m'mimba, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, nseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, ming'oma ndi kukwera m'magulu ena a michere ya chiwindi.

2. Mebendazole

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu yambiri ya nyongolotsi, chifukwa zimawononga ntchito yama cell omwe amachititsa mphamvu ya tiziromboti, kuyambitsa kufa kwa mphutsi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), Ascariasis, Trichocephaliasis, Echinococcosis, Hookworm ndi Teniasis.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: mlingo woyenera, malinga ndi phukusi, ndi 100 mg, kawiri patsiku, masiku atatu, kapena monga adalangizira adotolo, kwa akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka ziwiri. Mlingo woyenera kuchiza Teniasis mwa akulu, ukhoza kukhala 200 mg, kawiri pa tsiku, kwa masiku atatu.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kupweteka kwa mutu, chizungulire, kusowa tsitsi, kusapeza bwino m'mimba, malungo, khungu lofiira, kusintha kwama cell amwazi komanso kuchuluka kwa michere ya chiwindi.

3. Nitazoxanide

Mankhwalawa amadziwikanso ndi dzina loti Annita, mankhwalawa ndi amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri polimbana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mphutsi ndi protozoa, chifukwa imagwira ntchito poletsa michere yama cell yofunikira pamoyo wa tiziromboti, kuphatikizapo Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), Ascariasis, Strongyloidiasis, matenda a Hookworm, Trichocephaliasis, Teniasis ndi Hymenolepiasis, Amebiasis, Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiasis, Blastocytosis, Balantidiasis ndi Isosporiasis.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumapangidwa ndi mlingo wa 500mg, maola 12 aliwonse, masiku atatu. Mlingo wa ana opitilira chaka chimodzi ndi 0.375 ml (7.5 mg) wa yothira pakamwa pa kg pa kulemera kwake, maola 12 aliwonse, kwa masiku atatu, monga tafotokozera mu phukusi, kapena monga adalangizira adotolo.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: mkodzo wobiriwira, kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, kupweteka mutu, kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme a chiwindi komanso kuchepa kwa magazi.

4. Piperazine

Ndiwowononga minyewa yothandiza pochiza Ascariasis ndi Enterobiasis (oxyuriasis), ndipo amateteza poletsa nyongolotsi, zomwe zimayambitsa ziwalo, kuti athe kuzichotsa akadali ndi moyo ndi thupi.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa amatsogoleredwa ndi dokotala, ndipo, malinga ndi phukusi, Enterobiasis ndi 65 mg pa kg ya kulemera, patsiku, kwa masiku 7, kwa akulu ndi ana. Pankhani ya Ascariasis, mlingowo ndi 3.5 g, masiku awiri, akuluakulu ndi 75 mg pa kg ya kulemera, kwa masiku awiri, kwa ana.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kufiira, ming'oma komanso chizungulire.

5. Pirantel

Ndi anti-parasitic yomwe imagwiranso ntchito polemetsa nyongolotsi, zomwe zimathamangitsidwa amoyo ndi matumbo, zothandiza kuthana ndi matenda monga hookworm, ascariasis ndi enterobiasis (oxyuriasis).

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Mlingo wovomerezedwa ndi kapepala kameneka ndi 11 mg pa kg ya kulemera, wokhala ndi mulingo wokwanira 1 g, muyezo umodzi, kwa akulu ndi ana, ndipo chithandizochi chitha kubwerezedwa pakatha milungu iwiri kuti mutsimikizire chithandizo cha Enterobiasis.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kusowa kwa njala, kukokana ndi kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, chizungulire, kugona ndi kupweteka mutu.

6. Ivermectin

Ivermectin imathandiza kwambiri pochiza mphutsi zomwe zimayambitsa Strongyloidiasis, Onchocerciasis, Filariasis, Scabies ndi Pediculosis, zomwe ndi nsabwe, ndipo zimapha tizilomboto posintha kapangidwe ka maselo anu amitsempha ndi mitsempha.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: malinga ndi kapepala kameneka, mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa ndi 200 mcg pa kg ya kulemera, kamodzi patsiku, kapena malinga ndi upangiri wa zamankhwala, kwa akulu ndi ana opitilira 15 kg kulemera.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kutsekula m'mimba, kumva kudwala, kusanza, kufooka, kupweteka m'mimba, kusowa kwa njala, kudzimbidwa, chizungulire, kuwodzera, kunjenjemera, ming'oma.

7. Thiabendazole

Ndi mankhwala othandiza kuthetseratu mphutsi, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza Strongyloidiasis, Cutar Larva migrans ndi Visceral Larva migrans (toxocariasis), chifukwa imaletsa michere yama cell a mphutsi, kuwapha.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Mlingo woyenera umatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe akuwonetsa azachipatala, koma 50 mg mlingo wa kilogalamu iliyonse yolemera (yokwanira 3 g) amalangizidwa, mulingo umodzi, kwa akulu ndi ana, ndipo zimatha kutenga masiku angapo achipatala kuti athetse visceral Amphongo osamuka.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: nseru, kusanza, mkamwa mouma, kutsegula m'mimba, kuonda, kupweteka m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, kutopa ndi chizungulire.

8. Secnidazole

Secnidazole ndi mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa DNA ya protozoa, kuwapha, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza amebiasis ndi giardiasis.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa ndi 2 g, mlingo umodzi, kapena malinga ndi upangiri wa zamankhwala, kwa akulu. Kwa ana, mlingowo ndi 30 mg pa kg ya kulemera, osapitirira mlingo waukulu wa 2 g. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ayenera kumwedwa ndi madzi pang'ono, makamaka pambuyo chakudya.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: nseru, kupweteka m'mimba, kusintha kwa kukoma, ndi kukoma kwachitsulo, kutupa kwa lilime ndi nembanemba ya m'kamwa, kuchepa kwa maselo oyera a magazi, chizungulire.

9. Metronidazole

Ndi maantibayotiki othandiza amtundu wa mabakiteriya ambiri, komabe, ali ndi kanthu kena kotsutsana ndi protozoa komwe kamayambitsa matenda am'mimba monga Amebiasis ndi Giardiasis, omwe amachita posokoneza DNA ya mabakiteriya ndi protozoa, ndikupha. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamitundu ina yamatenda amtundu wa protozoal, monga matenda amphongo a Gardnerella vaginalis ndi Trichomoniasis.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: malinga ndi kapepala kameneka, ntchito yothandizira Giardiasis ndi 250 mg, katatu patsiku, kwa masiku 5, pomwe, pofuna kuchiza Amebiasis, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa 500 mg, kanayi pa tsiku, kwa masiku 5 mpaka 10 masiku, omwe ayenera kutsogoleredwa ndi dokotala.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, mucositis wamkamwa, kusintha kwa kukoma monga kukoma kwazitsulo, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, ming'oma.

10. Praziquantel

Ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogonana omwe amathandizira kuchiza matenda monga Schistosomiasis, Teniasis ndi Cysticercosis, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa nyongolotsi, yomwe imaphedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Kuchiza schistosomiasis mwa akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka 4, 2 mpaka 3 Mlingo wa 20 mg pa kg ya kulemera amalangizidwa tsiku limodzi. Pofuna kuchiza Teniasis, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti 5 mpaka 10 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera, muyezo umodzi komanso kwa cysticercosis, 50 mg / kg pa tsiku, ogawanika magawo atatu tsiku lililonse, masiku 14, malinga ndi phukusi.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri: kupweteka m'mimba, kumva kudwala, kusanza, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kufooka ndi ming'oma.

Nthawi zina, nkuthekanso kuti kuchuluka kwa masiku ndi kuchuluka kwa masiku ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwe atchulidwawa kumasiyana, malinga ndi zomwe achipatala akuwonetsa, ngati pali zofunikira pakuthandizira munthu aliyense, monga kupezeka kwa chitetezo chazovuta, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu omwe ali ndi Edzi, kapena ngati kachilombo ka nyongolotsi kamakhala koopsa kwambiri, monga matenda a hyperinfection kapena matenda am'mimba kunja kwa matumbo, mwachitsanzo.

Ndani sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mphutsi

Mwambiri, zithandizo za nyongolotsi siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana ochepera zaka ziwiri, amayi apakati ndi azimayi oyamwitsa, kupatula atalangizidwa ndi azachipatala. Muyenera kuwerenga phukusi mosamala, chifukwa mankhwala aliwonse amatha kukhala ndi zotsutsana zosiyana.

Zosankha zopangira nyongolotsi

Pali njira zina zachilengedwe zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi nyongolotsi, komabe siziyenera kulowa m'malo mwa chithandizo chotsogozedwa ndi adotolo, pongokhala zowonjezera zokha.

Zitsanzo zina ndikudya nthanga za dzungu, nthangala za papaya kapena kumwa peppermint ndi mkaka, mwachitsanzo, koma palibe umboni wasayansi wokhudzana ndi mankhwala azinyumbazi. Onani zambiri zamankhwala omwe mungasankhe kuti muthane.

Momwe mungapewere kuyipitsidwanso

Nyongolotsi nthawi zonse zimakhala mozungulira, m'madzi osatetezedwa, pansi komanso chakudya chomwe sichinatsukidwe bwino. Chifukwa chake, kuti muteteze ku matenda a mphutsi, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo monga:

• Sungani manja anu moyera, muwasambe ndi sopo, mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi kapena kuchezera malo;
• Pewani kuluma misomali;
• Pewani kuyenda opanda nsapato, makamaka pansi ndi dothi ndi matope;
• Osamwa madzi osasefedwa bwino kapena owiritsa bwino;
• Sambani ndi kutsuka saladi ndi zipatso musanadye. Onani njira yosavuta yotsuka masamba anu musanadye.

Onaninso zina zomwe mungachite pothana ndi vutoli, ndi kanemayu: