Kuchepetsa malingaliro: mawonekedwe ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi mawonekedwe
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Chithandizo cha Kuchepetsa Maganizo
• 1. Kusokoneza maganizo
• 2. Mankhwala
• 3. Mankhwala ena

Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwamaganizidwe ndi pomwe munthu amakhala ndi quotient intelligence (IQ) pakati pa 35 ndi 55. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akhudzidwa akuchedwa kuphunzira kulankhula kapena kukhala pansi, koma akapatsidwa chithandizo ndi chithandizo choyenera, atha kukhala ndi ufulu wodziyimira pawokha .

Komabe, mphamvu ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa payekhapayekha, chifukwa nthawi zina zimangotenga thandizo pang'ono, kuti muthe kuphatikizidwa ndikudziyimira pawokha pazomwe mukuchita tsiku lililonse, monga kulumikizana, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi mawonekedwe

Kuti muzindikire kuchepa kwamaganizidwe, mayeso a IQ ayenera kuchitidwa atakwanitsa zaka 5, zomwe ziyenera kutsogozedwa ndi katswiri wazamankhwala ndipo zimakhala zovuta m'malo awiri mwa awa:

• kulumikizana, kudzisamalira, maluso ochezera / anthu,
• kudzikonda, magwiridwe antchito kusukulu, ntchito, zosangalatsa, thanzi ndi chitetezo.

IQ imawerengedwa kuti ndi yabwinobwino kuposa 85, yodziwika ngati kuchepa kwamaganizidwe ikakhala yochepera zaka 70. Mwana kapena khanda akamawonetsa zizindikilozi koma asanakwanitse zaka 5, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti akuchedwa kukula, koma izi zimatero sizikutanthauza kuti ana onse omwe akuchedwa kukula m'maganizo amakhala ndi kuchepa kwamaganizidwe.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwamaganizidwe sizingadziwike nthawi zonse, koma zimatha kukhala zokhudzana ndi:

• Kusintha kwa majini, monga Down syndrome kapena spina bifida;
• Chifukwa cha matenda ena obadwa nawo;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso mukakhala ndi pakati;
• Matenda mkatikati mwa manjenje;
• Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo;
• Kusakhala ndi oxygenation yamaubongo pobereka kapena
• Kusokonezeka mutu, mwachitsanzo.

Chifukwa chake, titha kudziwa kuti kuchepa kwamaganizidwe sikungapeweke, makamaka popeza kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwamtundu wina. Kukhala ndi pakati, kukonzekera kutenga pakati komanso kusamalidwa bwino pobereka kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda, kuzunzidwa, kupwetekedwa mtima, ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mayi wokhala ndi mwana wamtunduwu.

Chithandizo cha Kuchepetsa Maganizo

Kuchepetsa m'maganizo kulibe mankhwala, koma chithandizo chitha kuchitidwa kuti chithandizire kukulitsa zizindikilo, moyo wamunthu ndi banja, ndikubweretsa ufulu pakudziyimira pawokha pochita zina monga kudzisamalira, monga kusamba, kupita kuchimbudzi, kutsuka mano ndi kudya, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, zikuwonetsedwa:

1. Kusokoneza maganizo

Kuchiza ndi magawo a psychomotricity, komwe ma mazoezi ndi zochiritsira zimachitidwira kuti zithandizire kukula kwa magalimoto ndi ubongo wamwana.

2. Mankhwala

Dokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi ndi autism, ngati kuli kofunikira. Nthawi zambiri munthu amene wakhudzidwayo amakhala ndi khunyu, yemwe amatha kupewedwa ndi mankhwala omwe adokotala awonetsa.

3. Mankhwala ena

Khalidwe lodzikweza ndilofala kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwamaganizidwe, kotero makolo amatha kuwona kuti mwanayo amadzimenya akakhala kuti akumva kuwawa, koma ngakhale samva kuwawa, amatha kumenya mutu wake ndi manja akafuna china chake. zomwe simungathe kufotokoza. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chantchito ndi psychomotor physiotherapy zitha kuthandizanso kukulitsa kulumikizana ndi mwanayo pochepetsa izi zoopsa.

Ana omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwamaganizidwe sangathe kuphunzira pasukulu yokhazikika, maphunziro apadera amawonetsedwa, koma samatha kuwerenga, kulemba ndi kuwerengera masamu, koma atha kupindula ndi ubale ndi mphunzitsi woyenera komanso ana ena mkalasi.