Mayeso a RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)

Zamkati

• Kodi kuyesa kwa RSV kumagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?
• Kodi muyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayeso?
• Kodi mayesowa amachitika bwanji?
• Kodi kuopsa kolemba mayeso ndi kotani?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Nanga bwanji kuyesa kwa RSV?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati zotsatira zake sizachilendo?

Kuyesa kwa RSV ndi chiyani?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ndimatenda opumira (njira zanu zapaulendo). Nthawi zambiri sizowopsa, koma zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zowopsa kwambiri kwa ana aang'ono, achikulire, komanso omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

RSV ndi yomwe imayambitsa matenda opumira anthu, makamaka pakati pa ana aang'ono. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono. Kwa ana, RSV imatha kuyambitsa bronchiolitis (kutupa kwa ma airways m'mapapu awo), chibayo (kutupa ndi madzimadzi mu gawo limodzi kapena angapo am'mapapu awo), kapena croup (kutupa pakhosi komwe kumabweretsa zovuta kupuma ndi chifuwa ). Kwa ana okalamba, achinyamata, ndi akulu, matenda a RSV nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako.

Matenda a RSV ndi nyengo. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo (kuzizira m'miyezi yozizira). RSV imakonda kupezeka ngati mliri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimakhudza anthu ambiri mdera nthawi yomweyo. Lipoti loti pafupifupi ana onse adzakhala ndi kachilombo ka RSV akafika zaka ziwiri, koma ochepa chabe mwa iwo adzakhala ndi zizindikiro zoyipa.

RSV imapezeka kuti imagwiritsa ntchito swab ya m'mphuno yomwe imatha kuyesedwa kuti iwonetse kachilomboka m'matumbo kapena munthawi zina.

Pemphani kuti mudziwe zambiri chifukwa chake mayeso a RSV atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mayesero omwe alipo, ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita kutengera zotsatira zanu zoyesa.

Kodi kuyesa kwa RSV kumagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Zizindikiro za matenda a RSV zili ngati za matenda ena opuma. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• chifuwa
• kuyetsemula
• mphuno
• chikhure
• kupuma
• malungo
• kuchepa kudya

Kuyesaku kumachitika nthawi zambiri kwa ana akhanda asanakwane kapena ana azaka zosakwana 2 ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo amtima, matenda am'mapapo, kapena chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Malinga ndi anawo, makanda ndi ana omwe ali ndi vutoli ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda, kuphatikiza chibayo ndi bronchiolitis.

Kodi muyenera kukonzekera bwanji mayeso?

Palibe kukonzekera kwapadera komwe kuyenera kuyesedwa. Kungokhala kusoka msanga, kuyamwa, kapena kutsuka kwa mphuno zanu kuti mutenge timadzi tokwanira, kapena madzi amphuno ndi pakhosi, kuyesa kachilombo.

Onetsetsani kuti muuze dokotala za mankhwala aliwonse, mankhwala kapena zina, zomwe mumamwa. Zitha kukhudza zotsatira za mayeso.

Kodi mayesowa amachitika bwanji?

Mayeso a RSV atha kuchitidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zonsezi ndizofulumira, zopanda ululu, ndipo zimaganiziridwa pozindikira kupezeka kwa kachilomboka:

• Mphuno ya aspirate. Dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito chida chokoka kuti atengeko mkodzo wanu wam'mphuno kuti muyese ngati muli ndi kachilomboka.
• Kusamba m'mphuno. Dokotala wanu amadzaza chida chopanda mphamvu, chosakanikirana ndi babu ndi mankhwala amchere, amalowetsa nsonga ya babu m'mphuno mwanu, ndikufinya pang'onopang'ono yankho lanu m'mphuno mwanu, kenako nkusiya kufinya kuti muyamwe thumba lanu kuti muwayese.
• Nasopharyngeal (NP) swab. Dokotala wanu amalowetsa kachilombo kakang'ono m'mphuno mwanu mpaka kufika kumbuyo kwa mphuno yanu. Amayendetsa pang'onopang'ono kuti asonkhanitse nyemba zanu zam'mphuno, ndikuzichotsa pang'onopang'ono m'mphuno mwanu.

Kodi kuopsa kolemba mayeso ndi kotani?

Palibe zowopsa zilizonse zokhudzana ndi mayesowa.Mutha kumangokhala womangika kapena kunyansidwa mukamayika mphuno m'mphuno mwanu. Mphuno yanu imatha kutuluka magazi kapena matendawo amatha kukwiya.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Zotsatira zabwinobwino, kapena zoyipa, zoyesa m'mphuno zikutanthauza kuti mwina sipangakhale matenda a RSV.

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zabwino zimatanthauza kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka RSV. Dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani zomwe muyenera kutsatira.

Nanga bwanji kuyesa kwa RSV?

Kuyezetsa magazi kotchedwa RSV antibody test kumapezekanso, koma sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kupezera matenda a RSV. Sibwino kuzindikira kupezeka kwa kachilomboka chifukwa nthawi zambiri zotsatira zake zimakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana aang'ono. Zotsatira zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zizipezeka ndipo sizikhala zolondola nthawi zonse chifukwa cha zake. Mphuno yamphongo imakhalanso yabwino kuposa kuyesa magazi, makamaka kwa makanda ndi ana aang'ono, ndipo imakhala ndi zoopsa zochepa.

Ngati dokotala akuvomereza mayeso a RSV antibody, nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi namwino kuofesi yanu kapena kuchipatala. Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mumtsempha, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa chigongono. Kukoka magazi kumaphatikizapo izi:

1. Malo obowoleza amatsukidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo.
2. Dokotala wanu kapena namwino amamanga kansalu kotanuka m'manja mwanu kuti mitsempha yanu itupuke ndi magazi.
3. Singano imalowetsedwa bwino mumitsempha yanu kuti mutenge magazi mumtsuko kapena chubu.
4. Bandeji yotanuka imachotsedwa m'manja mwanu.
5. Sampuli yamwazi imatumizidwa ku labotale kuti ikawunikidwe.

Mukatenga mayeso a RSV antibody, pamakhala chiopsezo chochepa chothira magazi, mikwingwirima, kapena matenda pamalo ophulika, monganso kuyesa magazi. Mutha kumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena kupweteka kwambiri singano ikalowetsedwa. Muthanso kumva chizungulire kapena mutu mopepuka mukakoka magazi.

Zotsatira zabwinobwino, kapena zoyipa, zoyesera magazi zitha kutanthauza kuti mulibe ma antibodies a RSV m'magazi anu. Izi zikhoza kutanthauza kuti simunatenge kachilombo ka RSV. Zotsatirazi sizikhala zolondola nthawi zambiri, makamaka kwa ana, ngakhale ali ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma antibodies a mwana sangazindikiridwe chifukwa aphimbidwa ndi ma antibodies a mayi (omwe amatchedwanso) otsalira m'magazi awo atabadwa.

Zotsatira zabwino zoyezetsa magazi kuchokera kwa mwana zitha kuwonetsa kuti mwanayo ali ndi kachilombo ka RSV (posachedwa kapena m'mbuyomu), kapena amayi awo adapereka ma antibodies a RSV kwa iwo mu utero (asanabadwe). Apanso, zotsatira zoyesa magazi a RSV mwina sizingakhale zolondola. Kwa achikulire, zotsatira zabwino zitha kutanthauza kuti akhala ndi matenda a RSV posachedwa kapena m'mbuyomu, koma ngakhale zotsatirazi sizingawonetsere zenizeni.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati zotsatira zake sizachilendo?

Kwa makanda omwe ali ndi zizindikilo za matenda a RSV ndi zotsatira zoyeserera zabwino, nthawi zambiri kuchipatala sikofunikira chifukwa zizindikilo zimatha kukhazikika kunyumba sabata limodzi kapena awiri. Komabe, kuyesa kwa RSV kumachitika nthawi zambiri kwa ana odwala kapena oopsa kwambiri omwe amafunikira kuchipatala kuti awalandire chithandizo mpaka matenda awo atakula. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti mupatse mwana wanu acetaminophen (Tylenol) kuti asunge malungo aliwonse omwe ali pansi kapena amphuno kuti atulutse mphuno yodzaza.

Palibe mankhwala enieni opatsirana a RSV ndipo, pakadali pano, palibe katemera wa RSV yemwe wapangidwa. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a RSV, mungafunikire kukhala m'chipatala mpaka matendawa atachira. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, inhaler kuti mufutukule matumba am'mapapu anu (omwe amadziwika kuti bronchodilator) amatha kukuthandizani kupuma mosavuta. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kugwiritsa ntchito ribavirin (Virazole), mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe mungapume, ngati chitetezo chamthupi chanu ndi chofooka. Mankhwala otchedwa palivizimab (Synagis) amaperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha zaka zosakwana 2 kuti athandize kupewa matenda opatsirana a RSV.

Matenda a RSV nthawi zambiri amakhala owopsa ndipo amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino m'njira zosiyanasiyana.