Kodi Scrofula ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zithunzi za scrofula
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa izi?
• Zowopsa
• Kodi amapezeka bwanji?
• Njira zothandizira
• Zovuta zotheka
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Tanthauzo

Scrofula ndi momwe mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu amayambitsa zizindikiro kunja kwa mapapo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati ma lymph node otupa komanso opweteka m'khosi.

Madokotala amatchedwanso scrofula "khomo lachiberekero tuberculous lymphadenitis":

• Khomo lachiberekero limatanthauza khosi.
• Lymphadenitis imatanthawuza kutupa m'matenda am'mimba, omwe ndi gawo la chitetezo chamthupi.

Scrofula ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a TB omwe amapezeka kunja kwa mapapo.

Mbiri, scrofula amatchedwa "zoyipa za mfumu." Mpaka zaka za zana la 18, madokotala amaganiza kuti njira yokhayo yochiritsira matendawa ndi kukhudzidwa ndi membala wa banja lachifumu.

Mwamwayi, madokotala amadziwa zambiri tsopano za momwe angadziwire, kuzindikira ndi kuchizira vutoli.

Zithunzi za scrofula

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Scrofula nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kutupa ndi zotupa kumbali ya khosi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotupa kapena zotupa zomwe zimamveka ngati zazing'ono, zozungulira. Nodulo nthawi zambiri samakhala wachifundo kapena wofunda pakukhudza. Chotupacho chimayamba kukula ndipo chimatha kukhetsa mafinya kapena madzi ena pakatha milungu ingapo.

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikilozi, munthu yemwe ali ndi scrofula amatha kuwona:

• malungo
• malaise kapena kudzimva kukhala wosakhala bwino
• thukuta usiku
• kuonda kosadziwika

Scrofula sichichuluka kwambiri m'maiko otukuka kumene chifuwa chachikulu sichofala. Scrofula amaimira 10 peresenti ya matenda a chifuwa cha TB omwe madokotala amawazindikira ku United States. Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu m'maiko omwe alibe mafakitale.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Mycobacterium chifuwa chachikulu, bakiteriya, ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha scrofula mwa akulu. Komabe, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare amathanso kuyambitsa scrofula m'milandu yochepa.

Kwa ana, mabakiteriya osayambitsa matenda opatsirana amayamba kufala. Ana amatha kutenga vutoli atayika zakumwa mkamwa mwawo.

Zowopsa

Anthu omwe alibe chitetezo chamthupi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha scrofula. Scrofula amawerengera kuti anthu onse omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB ali ndi matenda ku United States.

Kwa munthu amene alibe chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha vuto linalake kapena mankhwala, thupi lake lilibe maselo amthupi ambiri, makamaka ma T cell, olimbana ndi matenda. Zotsatira zake, amakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga vutoli.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali pa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zotupa zambiri ku mabakiteriya a TB.

Kodi amapezeka bwanji?

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu angayambitse khosi lanu, nthawi zambiri amayesa mayeso omwe amadziwika kuti purified protein derivative (PPD) test. Kuyesaku kumaphatikizira kubaya PPD yocheperako pakhungu.

Ngati muli ndi mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu mthupi lanu, mudzakumana ndi kutsekemera (gawo lokwezeka pakhungu lomwe lili ndi mamilimita angapo kukula). Komabe, chifukwa mabakiteriya ena amatha kuyambitsa scrofula, kuyesaku sikutsimikiza kwa 100%.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amatenga scrofula potenga kachilombo ka madzi ndi minofu mkati mwa malo otupa kapena malo ozungulira khosi. Njira yofala kwambiri ndi njira yolumikizira singano. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchitapo kanthu mosamala kuti mabakiteriya asafalikire kumadera oyandikana nawo.

Dokotala atha kuyitanitsa zojambula, monga X-ray, kuti adziwe momwe unyinji kapena misala imakhudzira khosi ndipo ngati akuwoneka ngati milandu ina ya scrofula. Nthawi zina, poyamba, dokotala amatha kuzindikira molakwika kuti scrofula ndi khansa ya khosi.

Palibe mayesero amtundu uliwonse a magazi omwe angapeze matenda a scrofula. Komabe, dokotala wanu amathabe kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa magazi, monga kuyambitsa katemera ndi kuyezetsa kachilombo ka HIV, kuti athetse zina.

Njira zothandizira

Scrofula ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri ndipo amatha kuthandizidwa pakadutsa miyezi ingapo. Dokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Kwa miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya chithandizo, anthu nthawi zambiri amatenga maantibayotiki angapo, monga:

• isoniazid
• rifampin
• ethambutol

Pambuyo panthawiyi, atenga isoniazid ndi rifampin kwa miyezi inayi yowonjezerapo.

Pakati pa chithandizo, si zachilendo kuti ma lymph node akule kapena kuti ma lymph node atsopano atuluke. Izi zimadziwika kuti "kusintha kwachinyengo." Ndikofunika kumamatira kuchipatala ngakhale izi zitachitika.

Nthawi zina madotolo amathanso kukupatsani mankhwala otchedwa oral steroids, omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kutupa kwa zotupa za scrofula.

Dokotala amalangiza kuti achotse khosi kapena misa atachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Komabe, misa sikumachiritsidwa nthawi zambiri mpaka mabakiteriya asakhalepo. Kupanda kutero, mabakiteriya amatha kuyambitsa fistula, yomwe ndi dzenje lolumikizana pakati pa mwanabele ndi thupi. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa.

Zovuta zotheka

mwa iwo omwe ali ndi scrofula amakhalanso ndi chifuwa chachikulu m'mapapu awo. N'zotheka kuti scrofula ikhoza kufalikira kupyola khosi ndikukhudza mbali zina za thupi.

Komanso, munthu amatha kukhala ndi bala lotseguka lomwe limatuluka m'khosi. Bala lotseguka limatha kuloleza mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya mthupi, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa matenda ena owopsa.

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Ndi mankhwala opha maantibayotiki, mitengo ya machiritso a scrofula ndiabwino kwambiri, pafupifupi 89 mpaka 94%. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mungakhale ndi chifuwa chachikulu kapena muli ndi zizindikiro za scrofula, onani dokotala wanu kukayezetsa khungu la chifuwa chachikulu. Izi zimapezekanso m'madipatimenti azachipatala m'mizinda ndi m'maboma ngati njira yachangu komanso yotsika mtengo yodziwira TB.