Chikhodzodzo Chamanyazi (Paruresis)

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro za chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi ziti?
• Kodi zimayambitsa manyazi ndi chiyani?
• Kodi njira zochizira chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi ziti?
• Mankhwala amaperekedwa
• Mankhwala oti mupewe
• Thandizo laumoyo
• Kodi ndizovuta ziti za chikhodzodzo chamanyazi?
• Kodi chiyembekezo cha chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi chotani?

Kodi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi chiyani?

Chikhodzodzo chamanyazi, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti paruresis, ndimikhalidwe yomwe munthu amawopa kugwiritsa ntchito bafa pomwe ena ali pafupi. Zotsatira zake, amakhala ndi nkhawa yayikulu akamagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi amatha kupewa kuyenda, kucheza ndi ena, ngakhale kugwira ntchito muofesi. Angakhalenso ndi vuto kukodza pakufuna mayeso osavuta a sukulu, ntchito, kapena masewera.

Anthu pafupifupi 20 miliyoni ku United States amakhudzidwa ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi. Kuchokera kwa ana mpaka okalamba, vutoli limatha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse.

Chikhodzodzo chamanyazi chimachiritsidwa kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi ziti?

Omwe ali ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi amawopa kukodza mu chimbudzi cha anthu ena kapena mozungulira ena, ngakhale kunyumba. Amatha kuyesa "kudzipangira" kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, koma apeza kuti sangathe. Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi amayesa kusintha machitidwe awo kuti asagwiritse ntchito chimbudzi cha anthu onse. Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• kupewa zochitika pagulu, kuyenda, kapena mwayi wogwira ntchito chifukwa choopa kukodza pagulu
• kumwa zakumwa zochepa kuti mupewe kukodza kwambiri
• kukhala ndi nkhawa ndikamaganiza kapena poyesera kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi cha anthu onse, monga kugunda kwa mtima, kutuluka thukuta, kugwedezeka, ngakhale kukomoka
• nthawi zonse kufunafuna zimbudzi zopanda kanthu kapena zokhala ndi chimbudzi chimodzi
• kupita kunyumba panthawi yopuma kapena nthawi zina kukakodza ndikubwerera kuntchito
• kuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi pafupipafupi kunyumba kuti asachite pagulu

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikirozi pafupipafupi kapena mwasintha kwambiri chikhalidwe chanu chifukwa chamanyazi chikhodzodzo, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala.

Kodi zimayambitsa manyazi ndi chiyani?

Madokotala amaganiza kuti chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi chikhalidwe choopa anthu. Ngakhale nkhawa komanso nthawi zina mantha atha kukhala okhudzana ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi, madokotala amatha kulumikiza zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Zinthu zachilengedwe, monga mbiri yakuseweredwa, kuzunzidwa, kapena kuchititsidwa manyazi ndi ena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi
• zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi nkhawa
• zifukwa za thupi, kuphatikizapo mbiri ya matenda omwe angakhudze kutha kukodza

Ngakhale madotolo amawona chikhodzodzo chamanyazi kukhala mantha owopa kucheza ndi anthu, si matenda amisala. Komabe, zikuwonetsa thanzi lam'mutu lomwe liyenera kuthandizidwa ndikuchiritsidwa.

Kodi njira zochizira chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi ziti?

Chithandizo cha chikhodzodzo chamanyazi nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza kwa othandizira azaumoyo komanso nthawi zina mankhwala. Dokotala wanu ayenera kukuyesani kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe vuto lazachipatala lomwe limakhudza kuthekera kwanu kukodza. Mukalandira manyazi matenda a chikhodzodzo, muyenera kuthandizidwa ndi dongosolo lokhalokha lazizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa.

Mankhwala amaperekedwa

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala a chikhodzodzo chamanyazi omwe amachiza chikhodzodzo kapena nkhawa iliyonse. Komabe, mankhwala sakhala yankho nthawi zonse ndipo sanatsimikizidwe kuti ndi othandiza makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi.

Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi awa:

• mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa, monga benzodiazepines monga alprazolam (Xanax) kapena diazepam (Valium)
• antidepressants, monga fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), kapena sertraline (Zoloft)
• alpha-adrenergic blockers omwe amachepetsa minofu ya chikhodzodzo kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, monga tamsulosin (Flomax)
• mankhwala omwe amachepetsera kusungidwa kwamikodzo, monga bethanechol (Urecholine)

Mankhwala oti mupewe

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala ochepetsa chikhodzodzo chamanyazi, adotolo angawunikenso mankhwala anu kuti muwone ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe angavute kukodza. Zitsanzo za izi ndi izi:

Anticholinergics, monga:

• atropine
• glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

Mankhwala a Noradrenergic omwe amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa norepinephrine m'thupi, monga:

• venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
• nortriptyline (Pamelor)
• bupropion (Wellbutrin)
• atomoxetine (Strattera)

Madokotala amapereka mankhwala ambiriwa ngati mankhwala opatsirana pogonana.

Thandizo laumoyo

Thandizo la m'maganizo la chikhodzodzo chamanyazi lingaphatikizepo chithandizo chazidziwitso, kapena CBT. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimaphatikizapo kugwira ntchito ndi othandizira kuti azindikire momwe chikhodzodzo chamanyazi chidasinthira machitidwe anu ndi malingaliro anu ndikukuwonetsani pang'onopang'ono komwe mungachepetse mantha anu. Njirayi imatha kutenga magawo 6 mpaka 10 a chithandizo. Anthu pafupifupi 85 mwa 100 amatha kuwongolera chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi CBT. Kutenga nawo mbali pa intaneti kapena m'magulu othandizira anthu mwaokha kungathandizenso.

Kodi ndizovuta ziti za chikhodzodzo chamanyazi?

Chikhodzodzo chamanyazi chimatha kukhala ndi zovuta zina pagulu komanso pathupi. Ngati mumagwira mkodzo kwa nthawi yayitali, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda amkodzo komanso kufooka kwa minofu ya m'chiuno yomwe imakodza. Muthanso kukhala ndi miyala ya impso, miyala yamatope yam'matumbo, ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali chifukwa chochepetsa kumwa madzi.

Nkhawa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi zimatha kukupangitsani kuti musinthe machitidwe anu kuti musapite pagulu. Izi zitha kukhudza ubale wanu ndi abwenzi komanso abale ndikulepheretsani kugwira ntchito.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndi chotani?

Chikhodzodzo chamanyazi ndimachiritso. Ngati muli ndi chikhodzodzo chamanyazi, mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zanu ndikukodza bwino pagulu. Komabe, chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chamisala chomwe chikufunika kuti mufike ku cholingachi chingatenge nthawi, chomwe chingakhale kulikonse kuyambira miyezi mpaka zaka.