Kodi Mwana Wanga Wam'ng'ono Amachedwa Kulankhula?

Zamkati

• Momwe kuchedwa ndi chilankhulo kumasiyana
• Kodi mwana amachedwa bwanji kuyankhula?
• Kodi ndizodziwika bwanji kwa mwana wazaka zitatu?
• Zizindikiro zakuchedwa kuyankhula
• Nchiyani chingayambitse kuchedwa kwa kulankhula?
• Mavuto ndi pakamwa
• Kulankhula ndi vuto la chilankhulo
• Kutaya kwakumva
• Kupanda kukondoweza
• Matenda a Autism
• Mavuto amitsempha
• Kulemala kwamaluso
• Kuzindikira kuchedwa kulankhula
• Kuthetsa kuchedwa kulankhula
• Chithandizo cha chilankhulo
• Ntchito zoyambira pasadakhale
• Kuthetsa vutoli
• Zomwe makolo angachite
• Zomwe mungachite ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kuchedwa
• Tengera kwina

Mwana wazaka ziwiri amatha kunena mawu pafupifupi 50 ndikuyankhula ziganizo ziwiri ndi zitatu. Pofika zaka 3, mawu awo amakula mpaka mawu pafupifupi 1,000, ndipo akuyankhula m'mawu atatu ndi anayi.

Ngati mwana wanu wakhanda sanakwaniritse zochitika zazikuluzo, atha kumachedwa kulankhula. Zochitika zachitukuko zimathandizira kudziwa momwe mwana wanu akupitira patsogolo, koma amangokhala malangizo wamba. Ana amakula pamlingo wawo.

Ngati mwana wanu akuchedwa kuyankhula, sizitanthauza kuti china chake chalakwika. Mutha kukhala kuti mwangokhala ndi pachimake mochedwa yemwe akuyankhulani khutu lanu nthawi ina iliyonse. Kuchedwetsa kuyankhula kumathanso chifukwa chakumva kwakumva kapena zovuta zamitsempha kapena chitukuko.

Mitundu yambiri yochedwetsa kuyankhula imatha kuthandizidwa. Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti muphunzire zizindikilo zakuchedwa kuyankhula kwa ana aang'ono, kuchitapo kanthu msanga, ndi momwe mungathandizire.

Momwe kuchedwa ndi chilankhulo kumasiyana

Ngakhale awiriwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuwafotokozera - ndipo amatchulidwapo nthawi zambiri - pali kusiyana pakati pakuchedwa kuyankhula ndi chilankhulo.

Kulankhula ndiko kuchititsa kutulutsa mawu ndikunena mawu. Kamwana kakuchedwa kuyankhula kangayesere koma kangavutike kupanga mawu oyenera kuti apange mawu. Kuchedwetsa kuyankhula sikuphatikiza kumvetsetsa kapena kulumikizana.

Kuchedwetsa chilankhulo kumaphatikizapo kumvetsetsa komanso kulumikizana, m'mawu kapena mwamawu. Kamwana kakuchedwa kuyankhula kumatha kupanga mawu oyenera ndikutchula mawu ena, koma sangathe kupanga ziganizo kapena ziganizo zomveka.Angakhale ovuta kumvetsetsa ena.

Ana amatha kuchedwa kuyankhula kapena kuzengereza chilankhulo, koma zinthu ziwirizi nthawi zina zimaphatikizana.

Ngati simukudziwa amene mwana wanu angakhale nawo, musadandaule. Sikofunika kupanga kusiyanitsa kuti mukhale ndikuwunika ndikuyamba chithandizo.

Kodi mwana amachedwa bwanji kuyankhula?

Kulankhula ndi luso lolankhula zimayambira pakulira kwa khanda. M'kupita kwa miyezi, kubwebweta kosawoneka ngati kopanda tanthauzo kumapitilira liwu loyamba lomveka.

Kuchedwetsa kuyankhula ndi pamene mwana wakhanda sanakwaniritse zochitika zazikulu zolankhulira. Ana amapita patsogolo paokha. Kuchedwa pang'ono ndikucheza sikutanthauza kuti pali vuto lalikulu.

Kodi ndizodziwika bwanji kwa mwana wazaka zitatu?

Mwana wazaka zitatu amatha:

• gwiritsani ntchito mawu pafupifupi 1,000
• amadzitcha mayina, amatcha ena mayina
• gwiritsani mayina, ziganizo, ndi ziganizo m'mawu amawu atatu ndi anayi
• kupanga zambiri
• funsani mafunso
• nenani nkhani, bwerezaninso nyimbo ya nazale, imbani nyimbo

Anthu omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali ndi mwana wamng'ono amakonda kuwamvetsetsa bwino. Pafupifupi 50 mpaka 90 peresenti ya ana azaka zitatu amatha kulankhula bwino mokwanira kuti alendo asamve nthawi zambiri.

Zizindikiro zakuchedwa kuyankhula

Ngati mwana sakulira kapena kupanga mamvekedwe ena pakatha miyezi iwiri, chitha kukhala chizindikiro choyambirira chakuchedwa kuyankhula. Pofika miyezi 18, makanda ambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu osavuta monga "mama" kapena "dada." Zizindikiro zakuchedwa kuyankhula kwa ana achikulire ndi:

• Zaka 2: sagwiritsa ntchito mawu osachepera 25
• Zaka 2 1/2: sagwiritsa ntchito mawu apadera a mawu awiri kapena kuphatikiza kwa nauni-verebu
• Zaka 3: sagwiritsa ntchito mawu osachepera 200, samafunsa zinthu ndi mayina, zovuta kumvetsetsa ngakhale mutakhala nawo
• M'badwo uliwonse: osatha kunena mawu omwe adaphunzira kale

Nchiyani chingayambitse kuchedwa kwa kulankhula?

Kuchedwetsa kuyankhula kungatanthauze kuti nthawi yawo ndiyosiyana pang'ono ndipo apeza. Koma kuchedwetsa kulankhula kapena chilankhulo kungatithandizenso kudziwa zambiri zakukula kwakuthupi ndi luntha. Nazi zitsanzo.

Mavuto ndi pakamwa

Kuchedwa kuyankhula kumatha kuwonetsa vuto pakamwa, lilime, kapena mkamwa. Mumtundu wotchedwa ankyloglossia (lilime-tayi), lilime limalumikizidwa pansi pakamwa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupanga mawu ena, makamaka:

• D
• L
• R
• S
• T
• Z
• th

Lilime limatha kupangitsanso kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ana ayamwitse.

Kulankhula ndi vuto la chilankhulo

Mwana wazaka zitatu yemwe amatha kumvetsetsa komanso kulankhulana popanda mawu koma osakhoza kunena mawu ambiri atha kukhala ndi nthawi yochedwetsa kulankhula. Yemwe anganene mawu ochepa koma osatha kuwaika m'mawu omveka atha kukhala ndi chizolowezi chakuchezera.

Zovuta zina pakulankhula ndi chilankhulo zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwaubongo ndipo zitha kuwonetsa kuti ndikulephera kuphunzira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyankhula, chilankhulo, ndi zina zomwe zimachedwa kukula ndikubadwa msanga.

Ana apraxia olankhula ndimatenda amthupi omwe amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupanga mawu motsatira momwe amapangira mawu. Sizimakhudza kulumikizana kopanda mawu kapena kumvetsetsa chilankhulo.

Kutaya kwakumva

Mwana wakhanda amene samva bwino, kapena amamva mawu opotoka, akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lopanga mawu.

Chizindikiro chimodzi chakumva ndikuti mwana wanu samazindikira munthu kapena chinthu mukamamutchula koma amachita ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito manja.

Komabe, zizindikiro zakumva zimatha kukhala zobisika kwambiri. Nthawi zina chizolowezi cholankhula kapena chilankhulo chingakhale chizindikiro chokhacho.

Kupanda kukondoweza

Timaphunzira kulankhula kuti tilowe muzokambirana. Ndizovuta kutengera zolankhula ngati palibe amene akuchita nanu.

Chilengedwe chimagwira gawo lofunikira pakulankhula ndi chitukuko cha chilankhulo. Kuzunzidwa, kunyalanyazidwa, kapena kusalimbikitsidwa ndi mawu kumatha kulepheretsa mwana kukwaniritsa zochitika zazikulu.

Matenda a Autism

Kulankhula ndi zovuta zamalankhulidwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ndi vuto la autism spectrum. Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• kubwereza mawu (echolalia) m'malo mopanga mawu
• machitidwe obwerezabwereza
• Kulephera kuyankhula pakamwa komanso mosalankhula
• kusokonekera kwa mayanjano
• kusinthaku kuyankhula komanso chilankhulo

Mavuto amitsempha

Matenda ena amitsempha amatha kukhudza minofu yofunikira pakulankhula. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Nthenda ya ubongo
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• zoopsa kuvulala kwaubongo

Pankhani ya kufooka kwa ubongo, kutaya khutu kapena ziwalo zina zomwe zimakulira zimakhudzanso zolankhula.

Kulemala kwamaluso

Kulankhula kumatha kuchedwa chifukwa chakulephera kwakaluntha. Ngati mwana wanu sakuyankhula, itha kukhala nkhani yodziwa zinthu osati kulephera kupanga mawu.

Kuzindikira kuchedwa kulankhula

Chifukwa ana akuyenda mosiyanasiyana, zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa kuchedwa ndi vuto la kulankhula kapena chinenero.

Pakati pa azaka ziwiri azachedwa kukulitsa chilankhulo, pomwe amuna amathekera katatu kuti agwere mgululi. Ambiri alibe vuto la kulankhula kapena chilankhulo ndipo amakodwa ndi zaka 3.

Katswiri wa ana anu amafunsa mafunso okhudza kalankhulidwe kanu kakang'ono kanu ndi malankhulidwe anu komanso zochitika zina zokula ndi machitidwe.

Afufuza pakamwa, pakamwa, ndi lilime la mwana wanu. Angafunenso kuti makutu anu akumva ayang'ane. Ngakhale mwana wanu akuwoneka kuti akumvera mawu, pakhoza kukhala kumva komwe kumapangitsa mawu kumveka ngati akusokonekera.

Kutengera zomwe apeza koyambirira, dokotala wanu atha kukutumizirani kwa akatswiri ena kuti muwunikenso bwino. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• womvera
• wolankhula chilankhulo
• katswiri wa zamagulu
• ntchito zothandizira msanga

Kuthetsa kuchedwa kulankhula

Chithandizo cha chilankhulo

Njira yoyamba yothandizira ndi mankhwala olankhula chilankhulo. Ngati kuyankhula ndikuchedwa kokha kwakukula, ichi ndi chithandizo chokhacho chofunikira.

Imakhala ndi malingaliro abwino. Mukalowererapo msanga, mwana wanu amatha kukhala ndi mayankhulidwe abwinobwino panthawi yomwe amalowa sukulu.

Chithandizo cha chilankhulo chitha kukhalanso chothandiza ngati gawo la dongosolo lonse la chithandizo pakakhala matenda ena. Wothandizira chilankhulo azigwira ntchito ndi mwana wanu, komanso kukuphunzitsani momwe mungathandizire.

Ntchito zoyambira pasadakhale

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuchedwetsa kulankhula ndi chilankhulo kwa zaka 2 1/2 mpaka 5 zitha kubweretsa zovuta pakuwerenga pasukulu yoyambira.

Kuchedwetsa kuyankhulanso kumatha kubweretsa zovuta pamakhalidwe ndi mayanjano. Ndi matenda a dokotala, mwana wanu wazaka zitatu atha kukhala woyenera kulandira thandizo asanayambe sukulu.

Kuthetsa vutoli

Kuchedwa kuyankhula kumalumikizidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, kapena kumachitika ndi vuto lomwe limakhalapo, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi mavutowo. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• thandizo pamavuto akumva
• kukonza mavuto athupi ndi pakamwa kapena lilime
• chithandizo pantchito
• chithandizo chamankhwala
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owunikira (ABA)
• kusamalira mavuto amitsempha

Zomwe makolo angachite

Nazi njira zina zomwe mungalimbikitsire zolankhula za mwana wanu:

• Lankhulani mwachindunji ndi mwana wanu wakhanda, ngakhale kuti angokufotokozerani zomwe mukuchita.
• Gwiritsani ntchito manja ndikuloza zinthu momwe mukunenera mawu ofanana. Mungathe kuchita izi ndi ziwalo za thupi, anthu, zidole, mitundu, kapena zinthu zomwe mumawona mukuyenda mozungulira.
• Werengani kwa mwana wanu wakhanda. Lankhulani za zithunzizi mukamapita.
• Imbani nyimbo zosavuta kumva zomwe ndi zophweka kubwereza.
• Muziwamvetsera mukamalankhula nawo. Khalani oleza mtima mwana wanu akamayankhula nanu.
• Wina akafunsa funso, musamuyankhe.
• Ngakhale mukuyembekezera zosowa zawo, apatseni mwayi woti anene iwowo.
• Bwerezani mawu molondola m'malo mongodzudzula zolakwika.
• Lolani mwana wanu kuti azicheza ndi ana omwe amadziwa bwino chilankhulo.
• Funsani mafunso ndikusankha, ndikupatsa nthawi yochuluka yankho.

Zomwe mungachite ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kuchedwa

Zingakhale bwino kuti palibe cholakwika chilichonse ndipo mwana wanu adzafika kumeneko munthawi yake. Koma nthawi zina kuchedwa kuyankhula kumatha kuwonetsa mavuto ena, monga kumva kwakumva kapena kuchedwa kwina kwakukula.

Ngati zili choncho, kulowererapo msanga ndibwino. Ngati mwana wanu sakukumana ndi zochitika zazikulu zolankhula, konzekerani ndi dokotala wa ana.

Pakadali pano, pitilizani kuyankhula, kuwerenga, ndikuimba kuti mulimbikitse zolankhula za mwana wanu.

Tengera kwina

Kuchedwetsa kuyankhula kwa mwana wakhanda kumatanthauza kuti sanafike pachimake pakulankhula kwa zaka zinazake.

Nthawi zina kuchedwa kuyankhula kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto lomwe limafunikira chithandizo. Nthawi izi, kulankhula kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena.

Ana ambiri amalankhula koyambirira kapena mochedwa kuposa pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala nkhawa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza malankhulidwe kapena chilankhulo cha mwana wanu, pitani kuchipatala. Kutengera zomwe apeza, atha kukutumizirani kuzinthu zoyenera.

Kulowererapo msanga pakuchedwetsa kuyankhula kungapangitse mwana wanu wazaka zitatu kuti agwire msanga kuti ayambe sukulu.