Kuwunika Kudzipha

Zamkati

• Kodi kuwunika kudzipha ndikotani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuwunika kuti ndizingodzipha?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiani podzipha?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera kukayezetsa kudzipha?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse zowunika?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kudzipha pangozi?
• Zolemba

Kodi kuwunika kudzipha ndikotani?

Chaka chilichonse pafupifupi anthu 800,000 padziko lonse lapansi amadzipha. Ambiri ayesanso kudzipha. Ku United States, ndiwofalitsa 10 paimfa, komanso wachiwiri wakupha anthu azaka 10-34. Kudzipha kumakhudza kosatha kwa omwe atsalira komanso pagulu lonse.

Ngakhale kudzipha kuli vuto lalikulu lathanzi, nthawi zambiri limatha kupewedwa. Kuwunika pangozi yakudzipha kungathandize kupeza mwayi woti wina ayesere kudzipha. Nthawi zowonera zambiri, woperekayo amafunsa mafunso okhudza machitidwe ndi momwe akumvera. Pali mafunso ndi malangizo omwe eni ake angagwiritse ntchito. Izi zimatchedwa zida zowunika kudzipha. Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli pachiwopsezo chodzipha, mutha kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, cham'maganizo, komanso cham'maganizo chomwe chingakuthandizeni kupewa zovuta.

Mayina ena: kuyesa kudzipha

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuwunika pangozi yakudzipha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze ngati wina ali pachiwopsezo chofuna kudzipha.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuwunika kuti ndizingodzipha?

Inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mungafunike kuyesedwa ngati mukufuna kudzipha ngati muwona izi:

• Kukhala wopanda chiyembekezo komanso / kapena wogwidwa
• Kuyankhula zakukhala cholemetsa kwa ena
• Kuchulukitsa kumwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kukhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakanthawi
• Kuchoka pamakhalidwe kapena kufuna kukhala panokha
• Kusintha pakudya ndi / kapena kugona

Mungafunenso kuwunika ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa. Mutha kukhala ngati mukuyesera kudzivulaza ngati muli:

• Anayesera kudzipha kale
• Matenda okhumudwa kapena matenda amisala
• Mbiri yakudzipha m'banja lanu
• Mbiri yakusokonekera kapena kuzunzidwa
• Matenda osatha komanso / kapena kupweteka kosalekeza

Kuwunika pangozi yakudzipha kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza izi komanso zoopsa. Zizindikiro zina zowachenjeza zimafunika kuthana nazo nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kuyankhula zodzipha kapena kufuna kufa
• Kufufuza pa intaneti njira zodzipha, kupeza mfuti, kapena kusungitsa mankhwala monga mapiritsi ogona kapena mankhwala opweteka
• Kuyankhula zakusowa chifukwa chokhalira ndi moyo

Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi zizindikiro izi, funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Imbani 911 kapena National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku 1-800-273-TALK (8255).

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiani podzipha?

Kuwunika kumatha kuchitidwa ndi omwe amakuthandizani kapena omwe amakuthandizani.Wopereka thanzi lamisala ndi katswiri wazachipatala yemwe amadziwika bwino pozindikira komanso kuchiza matenda amisala.

Omwe amakusamalirani kwambiri atha kukuyesani ndikukufunsani za momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa, kusintha kwa kudya ndi kugona, komanso kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Akhoza kukufunsani za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mumamwa. Nthawi zina, mankhwala opatsirana amatha kupititsa patsogolo malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, makamaka kwa ana, achinyamata, komanso achinyamata (osakwana zaka 25). Muthanso kuyezetsa magazi kapena mayeso ena kuti muwone ngati vuto lanu lakuthupi likuyambitsa zizindikiro zakudzipha.

Mukayezetsa magazi, katswiri wa zamankhwala amatenga magazi kuchokera mumtsuko womwe uli m'manja mwanu, pogwiritsa ntchito singano yaying'ono. Singanoyo italowetsedwa, magazi ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa mu chubu choyesera. Mutha kumva kuluma pang'ono singano ikamalowa kapena kutuluka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga mphindi zosakwana zisanu.

Wothandizira wanu wamkulu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo angagwiritsenso ntchito chida chimodzi kapena zingapo zowunika kudzipha. Chida chodziyikira pangozi yakudzipha ndi mtundu wa mafunso kapena chitsogozo cha omwe amapereka. Zida izi zimathandizira omwe akukuthandizani kuwunika momwe mumamvera, momwe mumamvera, komanso malingaliro ofuna kudzipha. Zida zoyeserera zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:

• Mafunso a Patient Health-9 (PHQ9). Chida ichi chimapangidwa ndi mafunso asanu ndi anayi okhudzana ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha komanso machitidwe awo.
• Funsani Mafunso Ofuna Kudzipha. Izi zikuphatikiza mafunso anayi ndipo amayang'aniridwa kwa anthu azaka 10-24.
• CHITETEZO-T. Ili ndi mayeso omwe amayang'ana mbali zisanu za chiopsezo chodzipha, komanso malingaliro amomwe angapangire chithandizo chamankhwala.
• Mulingo Wowonongera wa Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating (C-SSRS). Izi ndi njira zodziyesera kudzipha zomwe zimayesa magawo anayi osiyanasiyana a chiopsezo chodzipha.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera kukayezetsa kudzipha?

Simukusowa kukonzekera kwapaderaku.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse zowunika?

Palibe chiopsezo chilichonse kukayezetsa thupi kapena kufunsa mafunso. Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri choyesedwa magazi. Mutha kukhala ndi ululu pang'ono kapena kuvulala pamalo pomwe singano idayikidwapo, koma zizindikiro zambiri zimatha msanga.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati zotsatira za kuyesa kwanu kwakuthupi kapena kuyesa magazi kukuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwakuthupi kapena vuto la mankhwala, omwe akukuthandizani atha kukupatsani chithandizo ndikusintha kapena kusintha mankhwala anu ngati mukufunikira.

Zotsatira za chida chodziyesera pangozi yakudzipha kapena kuchuluka kwa kuyesa kudzipha kumatha kuwonetsa momwe mungayesere kudzipha. Chithandizo chanu chimadalira mulingo wanu wowopsa. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu, mutha kulowetsedwa kuchipatala. Ngati chiopsezo chanu ndi chocheperako, omwe akukuthandizani angakulimbikitseni chimodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:

• Upangiri wamaganizidwe kuchokera kwa katswiri wazamankhwala
• Mankhwala, monga mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Koma achinyamata omwe ali ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Mankhwalawa nthawi zina amawonjezera chiopsezo chodzipha mwa ana ndi achinyamata.
• Chithandizo cha kuledzera kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kudzipha pangozi?

Ngati mukuwona kuti muli pachiwopsezo chotenga moyo wanu funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Pali njira zambiri zopezera thandizo. Mutha:

• Itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chanu chadzidzidzi
• Itanani National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255). Ankhondo akale amatha kuyimba foni ndikusindikiza 1 kuti afike ku Veterans Crisis Line.
• Lembani Crisis Text Line (lembani HOME mpaka 741741).
• Lembani ku Veterans Crisis Line ku 838255.
• Itanani azachipatala anu kapena othandizira azaumoyo
• Fikirani kwa wokondedwa kapena mnzanu wapamtima

Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti wokondedwa wanu ali pachiwopsezo chodzipha, musawasiye okha. Muyeneranso:

• Alimbikitseni kufunafuna thandizo. Athandizeni kupeza chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Adziwitseni kuti mumasamala. Mvetserani popanda kuweruza, ndipo perekani chilimbikitso ndi chithandizo.
• Kuletsa kupezeka kwa zida, mapiritsi, ndi zinthu zina zomwe zitha kuvulaza.

Muthanso kuyitanitsa National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku 1-800-273-TALK (8255) kuti mupeze upangiri ndi chithandizo.

Zolemba

1. American Psychiatric Association [Intaneti]. Washington DC: Association of Psychiatric Association; c2019. Kupewa Kudzipha; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/suicide-prevention
2. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2019. Othandizira amisala: Malangizo pakupezeka; 2017 Meyi 16 [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/in-depth/mental-health-providers/art-20045530
3. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2019. Kudzipha ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha: Kuzindikira ndi chithandizo; 2018 Oct 18 [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/suicide/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378054
4. Chipatala cha Mayo [Intaneti]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998–2019. Kudzipha komanso malingaliro ofuna kudzipha: Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa; 2018 Oct 18 [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/suicide/symptoms-causes/syc-20378048
5. National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Kuyesa Magazi; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
6. National Institute of Mental Health [intaneti]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Funsani Phukusi la Mafunso Odzipha (ASQ); [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research/research-conducted-at-nimh/asq-toolkit-materials/index.shtml
7. National Institute of Mental Health [intaneti]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Kudzipha ku America: Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-faq/index.shtml
8. National Institute of Mental Health [intaneti]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Chida Chakuwunika Pazodzipha; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research/research-conducted-at-nimh/asq-toolkit-materials/asq-tool/screening-tool_155867.pdf
9. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Ntchito Zoyang'anira Mental Health Services [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. SAFE-T: Kufufuza Kudzipha Kuunika Njira Zisanu ndi Kufufuza; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://store.samhsa.gov/system/files/sma09-4432.pdf
10. UF Health: University of Florida Health [Intaneti]. Gainesville (FL): Yunivesite ya Florida; c2019. Kudzipha komanso kudzipha: Mwachidule; [yasinthidwa 2019 Nov 6; yatchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://ufhealth.org/suicide-and-suicidal-behavior
11. Uniformed Services University: Center for Psychology ya Anthu [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Development of Military Medicine; c2019. Mulingo Wodzipha waku Columbia Kudzipha (C-SSRS); [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://deploymentpsych.org/system/files/member_resource/C-SSRS%20Factsheet.pdf
12. UW Health [Intaneti]. Madison (WI): Zipatala za University of Wisconsin ndi Clinics Authority; c2019. Psychiatry ndi Psychology: Kupewa Kudzipha ndi Zothandizira; [yasinthidwa 2018 Jun 8; yatchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 5]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.uwhealth.org/mental-health/suicide-prevention-and-resource/50837
13. World Health Organization [Intaneti]. Geneva (SUI): World Health Organisation; c2019. Kudzipha; 2019 Sep 2 [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 5]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide
14. Kudzipha kwa Zero mu Health and Behaeveal Health Care [Internet]. Chitukuko cha Maphunziro; c2015–2019. Kuwunika ndi Kuunika Kuopsa Kodzipha; [yotchulidwa 2019 Nov 6]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://zerosuicide.sprc.org/toolkit/identify/screening-and-assessing-suicide-risk

Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.