Zizindikiro 10 za Matenda a Mapapo

Zamkati

• Momwe matenda amachitikira
• Zizindikiro
• 1. Chifuwa chomwe chimatulutsa ntchofu zakuda
• 2. Kupweteka zopweteka pachifuwa
• 3. Malungo
• 4. Kupweteka kwa thupi
• 5. Kutuluka m'mphuno
• 6. Kupuma pang'ono
• 7. Kutopa
• 8. Kupuma
• 9. Kutuluka kwa khungu kapena milomo
• 10. Kuthyolana kapena kumveka phokoso m'mapapu
• Zoyambitsa
• Matendawa
• Mankhwala
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Makanda
• Ana
• Akuluakulu
• Kupewa
• Mfundo yofunika

Matenda am'mapapo amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo, bakiteriya, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale bowa.

Imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri yamatenda am'mapapo imatchedwa chibayo. Chibayo, chomwe chimakhudza timatumba tating'onoting'ono ta mapapo, nthawi zambiri chimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya opatsirana, komanso chimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo. Munthu amatenga kachilomboka popuma mabakiteriya kapena kachilomboka munthu wodwala atayetsemula kapena kutsokomola.

Momwe matenda amachitikira

Machubu yayikulu yomwe imanyamula mpweya popita ndi kuchokera m'mapapu anu yatenga kachilombo, amatchedwa bronchitis. Matenda am'mimba amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo kuposa mabakiteriya.

Mavairasi amathanso kulimbana ndi mapapu kapena mpweya womwe umadutsa m'mapapu. Izi zimatchedwa bronchiolitis. Matenda a bronchiolitis amapezeka kwambiri mwa makanda.

Matenda am'mapapo monga chibayo nthawi zambiri amakhala ofatsa, koma amatha kukhala ovuta, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena matenda osachiritsika, monga matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD).

Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za matenda a m'mapapo komanso chithandizo chomwe mungayembekezere ngati muli nacho.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matenda am'mapapo zimasiyana kuyambira wofatsa mpaka wolimba. Izi zimadalira pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza zaka zanu komanso thanzi lanu lonse, komanso ngati matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo, bakiteriya, kapena bowa. Zizindikiro zitha kukhala zofanana ndi za chimfine kapena chimfine, koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Ngati muli ndi matenda am'mapapo, Nazi Zizindikiro Zomwe Mungayembekezere:

1. Chifuwa chomwe chimatulutsa ntchofu zakuda

Kukhosomola kumathandiza kuchotsa ntchofu m'thupi lanu zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa mpweya ndi mapapo. Mavuto amenewa amathanso kukhala ndi magazi.

Ndi bronchitis kapena chibayo, mutha kukhala ndi chifuwa chomwe chimatulutsa ntchofu zakuda zomwe zingakhale ndi mtundu wosiyana, kuphatikiza:

• chotsani
• zoyera
• wobiriwira
• wachikasu-imvi

Chifuwa chimatha kukhala milungu ingapo ngakhale zitayamba kusintha.

2. Kupweteka zopweteka pachifuwa

Kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda am'mapapo kumanenedwa kuti ndikuthwa kapena kubaya. Kupweteka pachifuwa kumayamba kukulira ndikukhosomola kapena kupuma kwambiri. Nthawi zina zowawa zakuthwa zimatha kumveka mkatikati mpaka kumbuyo.

3. Malungo

Kutentha kumachitika thupi lanu likamayesetsa kulimbana ndi matendawa. Kutentha kwamthupi nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 98.6 ° F (37 ° C).

Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya, malungo anu akhoza kukwera mpaka 105 ° F (40.5 ° C) owopsa.

Malungo aliwonse opitilira 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) nthawi zambiri amabweretsa zizindikilo zina, monga:

• thukuta
• kuzizira
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi
• mutu
• kufooka

Muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati malungo anu apitirira 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) kapena ngati atenga masiku opitilira atatu.

4. Kupweteka kwa thupi

Minofu yanu ndi msana wanu zimatha kupweteka mukakhala ndi matenda am'mapapo. Izi zimatchedwa myalgia. Nthawi zina mumatha kukhala ndi zotupa m'minyewa yanu zomwe zingayambitsenso kupweteka kwa thupi mukakhala ndi matenda.

5. Kutuluka m'mphuno

Mphuno yothamanga komanso zizindikilo zina monga chimfine, monga kuyetsemula, nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi matenda am'mapapo ngati bronchitis.

6. Kupuma pang'ono

Kupuma pang'ono kumatanthauza kuti mumamva ngati kupuma kuli kovuta kapena kuti simungapume mokwanira. Muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuvutika kupuma.

7. Kutopa

Nthawi zambiri mumakhala aulesi komanso otopa thupi lanu likamalimbana ndi matenda. Kupuma ndikofunikira panthawiyi.

8. Kupuma

Mukatulutsa mpweya, mumatha kumva phokoso loimba mluzu lotchedwa whizing. Izi ndi zotsatira zake zopapatiza mayendedwe apansi kapena kutupa.

9. Kutuluka kwa khungu kapena milomo

Milomo kapena misomali yanu imayamba kuwoneka yabuluu pang'ono chifukwa chosowa mpweya wabwino.

10. Kuthyolana kapena kumveka phokoso m'mapapu

Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zodziwika za matenda am'mapapo ndimphokosera m'mapapu, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ziphuphu za bibasilar. Dokotala amatha kumva mawu amenewa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chotchedwa stethoscope.

Zoyambitsa

Bronchitis, chibayo, ndi bronchiolitis ndi mitundu itatu yamatenda am'mapapo. Amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo kapena bakiteriya.

Tizilombo tofala kwambiri tomwe timayambitsa bronchitis ndi monga:

• mavairasi monga kachilombo ka fuluwenza kapena kupuma kwa syncytial virus (RSV)
• mabakiteriya monga Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, ndi Bordetella pertussis

Tizilombo tambiri tomwe timayambitsa chibayo ndi monga:

• mabakiteriya monga Chibayo cha Streptococcus (ambiri), Haemophilus influenzae, ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• mavairasi monga kachilombo ka fuluwenza kapena RSV

Nthawi zambiri, matenda am'mapapo amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi bowa monga Pneumocystis jirovecii, Aspergillus, kapena Mbiri ya plasma capsulatum.

Matenda a m'mapapo amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amatetezedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, mwina kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya khansa kapena kachilombo ka HIV kapena kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Matendawa

Dokotala amayamba atenga mbiri yakale ya zamankhwala ndikufunsani zamatenda anu. Mutha kufunsidwa mafunso okhudza ntchito yanu, maulendo aposachedwa, kapena kukhudzana ndi nyama. Dokotala amayesa kutentha kwanu ndikumvera pachifuwa chanu ndi stethoscope kuti muwone ngati akumveka phokoso.

Njira zina zodziwira matenda am'mapapo ndi monga:

• kujambula, monga chifuwa cha X-ray kapena CT scan
• spirometry, chida chomwe chimayeza kuchuluka kwake komanso mwachangu momwe mumapumira mpweya uliwonse
• kugwiritsira ntchito oximetry kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu
• kutenga chitsanzo cha ntchofu kapena kutuluka m'mphuno kuti mukayesenso
• khosi swab
• kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC)
• chikhalidwe cha magazi

Mankhwala

Matenda a bakiteriya nthawi zambiri amafuna maantibayotiki kuti athetse. Matenda a m'mapapo amafunika chithandizo ndi mankhwala oletsa antifungal, monga ketoconazole kapena voriconazole.

Maantibayotiki sangagwire ntchito yokhudza matenda a tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri, mumayenera kudikirira mpaka thupi lanu litalimbane ndi matenda palokha.

Pakadali pano, mutha kuthandiza thupi lanu kuthana ndi matendawa ndikudzipangitsa kukhala omasuka ndi mankhwalawa:

• tengani acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen kuti muchepetse malungo
• imwani madzi ambiri
• yesani tiyi wotentha ndi uchi kapena ginger
• gargle madzi amchere
• kupumula momwe zingathere
• Gwiritsani ntchito chopangira chinyezi kuti mupange chinyezi mlengalenga
• tengani maantibayotiki aliwonse oyenera mpaka atapita

Kuti mupeze matenda opatsirana kwambiri m'mapapo, mungafunikire kukhala kuchipatala mukamachira. Mukakhala komweko, mutha kulandira maantibayotiki, madzi am'mitsempha, komanso kupuma ngati mukuvutika kupuma.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Matenda a m'mapapo amatha kukhala owopsa ngati sakuchiritsidwa. Mwambiri, onaninso dokotala ngati chifuwa chanu chimatha milungu yopitilira itatu, kapena mukuvutika kupuma. Mutha kusungitsa nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala mdera lanu pogwiritsa ntchito chida chathu cha Healthline FindCare.

Kutentha thupi kumatha kutanthauza zinthu zosiyanasiyana kutengera msinkhu wanu. Mwambiri, muyenera kutsatira malangizo awa:

Makanda

Onani dokotala ngati mwana wanu ali:

• osakwana miyezi itatu, ndikutentha kopitilira 100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• pakati pa miyezi 3 ndi 6, ndi malungo opitilira 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) ndipo amawoneka osakwiya modabwitsa, olephera, kapena osakhazikika
• pakati pa miyezi 6 ndi 24, ndi malungo opitilira 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) kwa maola opitilira 24

Ana

Onani dokotala ngati mwana wanu:

• ali ndi malungo opitilira 102.2 ° F (38.9 ° C)
• ndi wosamva za ena kapena wokwiya msanga, amasanza mobwerezabwereza, kapena amadwala mutu kwambiri
• wadwala malungo kwa masiku opitilira atatu
• ali ndi matenda aakulu kapena chitetezo cha mthupi
• posachedwapa apita kudziko lotukuka

Akuluakulu

Muyenera kupanga nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala ngati:

• kukhala ndi kutentha thupi kupitilira 103 ° F (39.4 ° C)
• akhala ndi malungo kwa masiku opitilira atatu
• ali ndi matenda aakulu kapena chitetezo cha mthupi
• takhala ndikupita kudziko lotukuka kumene

Muyeneranso kufunafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi kuchipinda chapafupi chapafupi kapena itanani 911 ngati malungo ali ndi izi:

• kusokonezeka m'maganizo
• kuvuta kupuma
• khosi lolimba
• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kugwidwa
• kusanza kosalekeza
• zidzolo zapadera
• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
• kulira kosasunthika mwa ana

Ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka ndikudwala malungo, kupuma movutikira, kapena chifuwa chomwe chimabweretsa magazi, pitani kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo.

Kupewa

Sikuti matenda onse am'mapapo amatha kupewedwa, koma mutha kuchepetsa ngozi yanu ndi malangizo awa:

• muzisamba m'manja nthawi zonse
• pewani kukhudza nkhope kapena pakamwa panu
• pewani kugawana ziwiya, chakudya, kapena zakumwa ndi anthu ena
• pewani kukhala pamalo podzaza ndi anthu momwe kachilombo ka HIV kangafalikire mosavuta
• osasuta fodya
• Pezani chimfine chaka chilichonse kuti mupewe matenda a chimfine

Kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, njira yabwino yopewera chibayo cha bakiteriya kuchokera kumatenda ofala kwambiri ndi imodzi mwa katemera awiri:

• Katemera wa PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate
• Katemera wa PPSV23 pneumococcal polysaccharide

Katemerayu amalimbikitsidwa kuti:

• makanda
• achikulire
• anthu omwe amasuta
• omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu

Mfundo yofunika

Matenda a m'mapapo amachititsa zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine kapena chimfine, koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatha nthawi yayitali.

Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimatha kuthetsa matenda opatsirana m'mapapo pakapita nthawi. Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda am'mapapo am'mapapo.

Onani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli:

• kuvuta kupuma
• mtundu wabuluu m'milomo mwako kapena m'manja
• kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa
• malungo akulu
• kutsokomola ndi ntchofu zomwe zikuipiraipira

Anthu opitilira 65, ana ochepera zaka 2, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika kapena chitetezo chamthupi choyenera ayenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo akakhala ndi zodwala zamapapu.