Mucositis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi njira zamankhwala

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mucositis
• Madigiri akulu a mucositis
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mucositis ndi kutupa kwa m'mimba mucosa komwe nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi chemotherapy kapena radiation radiation, ndipo ndichimodzi mwazovuta zomwe odwala amalandira khansa.

Popeza mamina am'mimba amadzaza pakamwa mpaka pakamwa, zikhalidwe zimasiyana malinga ndi tsamba lomwe lakhudzidwa kwambiri, koma chofala kwambiri ndikuti mucositis imatuluka mkamwa, yotchedwa mucositis ya mkamwa, ndipo imayambitsa mavuto monga zilonda mkamwa, kutupa chingamu ndi zopweteka zambiri mukamadya, mwachitsanzo.

Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mucositis, chithandizocho chingaphatikizepo kusintha pang'ono pakudya kosagwiritsika ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma gels am'kamwa, mpaka asinthe momwe amathandizira khansa ndipo, zikavuta kwambiri, kuloledwa kuchipatala kukapereka mankhwala ndi kudyetsa m'mitsempha. Malinga ndi malangizo a oncologist.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za mucositis zimasiyana malinga ndi malo am'mimba okhudzidwa, thanzi la munthu komanso kuchuluka kwa mucositis. Komabe, zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• Kutupa ndi kufiyira kwa m'kamwa ndi m'kamwa;
• Zowawa kapena zotentha m'kamwa ndi mmero;
• Zovuta kumeza, kuyankhula kapena kutafuna;
• Kukhalapo kwa zilonda ndi magazi pakamwa;
• Malovu pakamwa.

Zizindikirozi zimawoneka patatha masiku 5 kapena 10 chiyambireni chemotherapy ndi / kapena radiotherapy, koma zimatha kupitilira kwa miyezi iwiri, chifukwa chakuchepa kwama cell oyera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mucositis imakhudza m'matumbo, zizindikilo ndi zizindikilo zina zitha kuwoneka, monga kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, magazi mu chopondapo ndi ululu mukamachoka, mwachitsanzo.

Pazovuta kwambiri, mucositis amathanso kuyambitsa mawonekedwe oyera oyera, omwe amapezeka bowa akamakula pakamwa.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mucositis

Mucositis ndiofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akuchiritsidwa ndi khansa ndi chemotherapy ndi / kapena radiotherapy, koma sizitanthauza kuti anthu onse omwe akuchita izi amayamba mucositis. Zina mwazinthu zomwe zimawoneka kuti zikuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga zotsatirazi ndi monga kukhala opanda ukhondo pakamwa, kusuta fodya, kumwa madzi pang'ono masana, kuchepa thupi kapena kukhala ndi vuto losatha, monga matenda a impso, matenda ashuga kapena kachirombo ka HIV.

Madigiri akulu a mucositis

Malinga ndi WHO, mucositis itha kugawidwa m'madigiri 5:

• Kalasi 0: palibe kusintha mu mucosa;
• Gulu 1: ndizotheka kuwona kufiira ndi kutupa kwa mucosa;
• Gulu 2: zilonda zazing'ono zilipo ndipo munthuyo amatha kukhala ndi vuto lakumwa zolimba;
• Kalasi 3: kuli zilonda ndipo munthuyo amangomwa madzi;
• Kalasi 4: Kudyetsa mkamwa sikutheka, kumafuna kuchipatala.

Kuzindikira msinkhu wa mucositis kumachitidwa ndi dokotala ndikuthandizira kudziwa mtundu wabwino wamankhwala.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mucositis amatha kusiyanasiyana malingana ndi zizindikilo komanso kuchuluka kwa kutupa ndipo, makamaka, zimangothandiza kuthetsa zizindikilozo, kuti munthuyo adye mosavuta komanso asamve kupweteka m'mawa.

Muyeso womwe umalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse, mosasamala kanthu za kuuma kwa mucositis, ndikukhazikitsa njira zoyenera zaukhondo pakamwa, zomwe zitha kungokhala ntchito, kawiri mpaka katatu patsiku, la kutsuka mkamwa komwe adalangizidwa ndi adotolo, kupha mabala kupewa chitukuko cha matenda. Ngati izi sizingatheke, yankho lokonzekera nokha lingakhale kutsuka pakamwa panu ndi madzi osakaniza ndi mchere, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi zakudya, zomwe zimayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zosavuta kutafuna komanso zosakwiya pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupewa zakudya zotentha, zolimba kwambiri, monga kumenyanitsa mabotolo kapena matedza; zokometsera kwambiri, monga tsabola; kapena omwe ali ndi mtundu wina wa asidi, monga mandimu kapena lalanje, mwachitsanzo. Yankho labwino ndikupanga zipatso zina, mwachitsanzo.

Nawa maupangiri azakudya omwe angathandize:

Nthawi zina pamene njirazi sizikwanira, adokotala amathanso kukupatsani mankhwala opha ululu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito gel osakaniza, omwe angathetse ululu ndikupangitsa kuti munthu adye mosavuta.

Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, mucositis ali kalasi 4, mwachitsanzo, ndikulepheretsa munthu kudya, adokotala amalangiza kuti agonekere kuchipatala, kuti munthuyo apange mankhwala mwachindunji mumitsempha, komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, momwe zimaperekera zakudya molunjika m'magazi. Dziwani zambiri za momwe kudyetsa makolo kumagwirira ntchito.