Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata: Ziwerengero, Zizindikiro, Kuzindikira, ndi Chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata
• Kupewa kudzipha
• Zowopsa Zokhudza Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata
• Kuzindikira Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata
• Zoona ndi Ziwerengero Zokhudza Kudzipha Kwa Achinyamata
• Kuchiza kwa Kukhumudwa kwa Achinyamata
• Chidziwitso chokhudza kupsinjika maganizo ndi achinyamata
• Kulimbana
• Chiwonetsero

Chidule

Achinyamata akhoza kukhala nthawi yovuta kwa achinyamata komanso makolo. Munthawi imeneyi yakukula, kusintha kwamankhwala ambiri, kwakuthupi, komanso kuzindikira kumachitika. Zosintha zabwinobwino zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira ndikuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa.

Zizindikiro zakukhumudwa kwa achinyamata ndizofanana ndi za akulu. Koma nthawi zambiri amadziwonetsera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zizolowezi zina zodzivulaza, monga kudula kapena kuwotcha, ndizochepa mwa achikulire koma ndizofala kwambiri kwa achinyamata.

Kukhumudwa muubwana kumatha kubweretsa zovuta pamakhalidwe monga:

• kukwiya kapena kusasangalala
• kuyamba ndewu
• kunyoza
• kujomba kusukulu
• kuthawa
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Khalidwe logonana langozi
• kusukulu bwino

Malinga ndi National Institute of Mental Health, achinyamata 2.8 miliyoni adakumana ndi vuto limodzi lokhumudwitsa mu 2013. Achinyamatawa akuimira 11.4 peresenti ya anthu azaka 12 mpaka 17 ku United States.

Zizindikiro za Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata

Achinyamata amatha kusintha momwe akumvera komanso machitidwe awo akakhala ndi nkhawa. Kusintha kwamaganizidwe kungaphatikizepo:

• kumva chisoni, kutaya mtima, kapena kudzimva kukhala wopanda pake
• kupsa mtima
• kutha
• kutaya chidwi kapena kusangalala ndi zochitika zomwe zidasangalatsidwa kale
• kudziyang'anira pansi
• kumva liwongo
• kudziimba mlandu kapena kudzidzudzula mokokomeza
• kuvuta kuganiza, kulingalira, kupanga zisankho, ndi kukumbukira zinthu
• malingaliro pafupipafupi zakufa, kufa, kapena kudzipha

Zosintha pamakhalidwe atha kukhala:

• kusakhazikika
• kutopa
• kulira pafupipafupi
• kusiya kucheza ndi abwenzi komanso abale
• kupsa mtima
• kusewera
• amasintha tulo
• kusintha kwa njala
• kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kusiya kusukulu kapena kusapezeka kusukulu pafupipafupi
• kudzivulaza (mwachitsanzo, kudula kapena kudziwotcha)
• kudzipha kapena kukonzekera kudzipha

Makhalidwe odzivulaza ndi chenjezo la kukhumudwa. Makhalidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri samapangidwa kuti athetse moyo wa munthu. Koma ayenera kutengedwa mozama. Zimakhala zosakhalitsa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha mwana akamakula bwino ndikumatha kulimbana ndi zovuta zina.

Kupewa kudzipha

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina ali pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza kapena kukhumudwitsa wina:

• Imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yakomweko.
• Khalani ndi munthuyo mpaka thandizo litafika.
• Chotsani mfuti, mipeni, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zitha kuvulaza.
• Mverani, koma osaweruza, kutsutsana, kuopseza, kapena kufuula.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina akufuna kudzipha, pezani thandizo kuchokera pamavuto kapena njira yodziletsa yodzipha. Yesani National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa 800-273-8255.

Magwero: National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Ntchito Zoyang'anira Zaumoyo

Zowopsa Zokhudza Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata

Zowopsa zakukhumudwa m'zaka zaunyamata ndizo:

• mavuto m'banja, monga imfa kapena chisudzulo
• kuzunzidwa, kumenyedwa, kapena kugwiriridwa
• kukangana pafupipafupi
• akuwona ziwawa m'nyumba

Achinyamata omwe akuvutika ndi chiwerewere ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukhumudwa. Momwemonso achichepere omwe ali ndi vuto kusintha chikhalidwe chawo, kapena alibe othandizira kapena othandizira. Komabe, kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata kumatha kuchiritsidwa kwambiri atazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto.

Kuzindikira Kukhumudwa Kwa Achinyamata

Kuzindikira kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata kungakhale kovuta. Ndikofunika kuti mwana wanu azitha kuwunikidwa mokwanira ndi akatswiri odziwa zaumoyo. Makamaka, katswiriyu ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso kapena maphunziro apadera ndi achinyamata. Kuwunika kuyenera kukhala ndi mbiri yonse yakukula kwa mwana wanu. Ziyeneranso kuphatikiza mbiri ya banja, magwiridwe antchito kusukulu, komanso machitidwe akunyumba. Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyezetsa thupi.

Zoona ndi Ziwerengero Zokhudza Kudzipha Kwa Achinyamata

Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunikira. Ngati kuvutika maganizo kuli kwakukulu, achinyamata angayambe kudzipha. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha kapena akufuna kudzipha, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamisala nthawi yomweyo.

Malinga ndi kudzipha, kudzipha ndiko chifukwa chachitatu chodziwika kwambiri chakupha kwa achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 10 ndi 24 ku United States. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi achinyamata 4,600 amadzipha chaka chilichonse.

Zowopsa zodzipha kwa achinyamata ndi izi:

• mbiri yabanja yamatenda amisala
• asanayese kudzipha
• kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• zochitika zopanikiza
• kupeza mfuti
• kuwonetsedwa kwa achinyamata ena omwe adzipha
• makhalidwe odzivulaza, monga kudula kapena kuwotcha
• kuzunzidwa kusukulu

Kuchiza kwa Kukhumudwa kwa Achinyamata

Kuchiza kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi psychotherapy. Psychotherapy imatha kuphatikizira chithandizo chazidziwitso ndi machitidwe ena. Ndondomeko zamankhwala zimayenera kuganizira zawokha, banja, sukulu, komanso zamankhwala. Kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi zovuta zapakhomo. Chifukwa chake kukulitsa luso la kulera ndi gawo lofunikira lamankhwala.

Kukhumudwa kwa achinyamata kumatha kubweretsa kuchedwa pamaphunziro. Kuchedwa kumeneku kungafune kusintha kusukulu kwanu. Kufufuza kwamaphunziro kumatha kupeza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kuchita bwino pasukulu yaboma m'malo mopita kusukulu yaboma.

Achinyamata okalamba adzakhala ndi chonena pamankhwala awo. Izi zitha kuphatikizira mankhwala. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala opatsirana pogonana omwe alipo. Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala omwe ali oyenera kwa mwana wanu. Nthawi zonse muziphatikiza mwana wanu pazokambirana.

Chidziwitso chokhudza kupsinjika maganizo ndi achinyamata

Pakhala pali mkangano pazaka zaposachedwa pankhani yokhudzana ndi kuthana ndi vuto la serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) kwa achinyamata.

Mu 2007, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idasindikiza kuwunika kwa kafukufuku wa SSRI. Ndemangayi idapeza kuti 4 peresenti ya achinyamata omwe amatenga ma SSRI adakumana ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa omwe amatenga malowa.

A FDA adayankha mwa kuyika ma SSRIs onse. Chizindikirocho chimachenjeza za chiwopsezo chowonjezeka chamalingaliro ofuna kudzipha mwa anthu ochepera zaka 25.

Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti kafukufuku wakale sanapangidwe bwino. Ikufotokozanso kuti odwala omwe ali ndi nkhawa omwe amathandizidwa ndi ma antidepressant alibe chiopsezo chachikulu chofuna kudzipha kuposa omwe sanalandire chithandizo.

Kulimbana

Ngati kukhumudwa kumakhudza moyo wachinyamata wanu, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera kwa katswiri wazamankhwala. Katswiriyu apanga dongosolo lazachipatala makamaka kwa mwana wanu. Ndikofunikanso kuti mwana wanu azitsatira dongosololi.

Zinthu zina zomwe mwana wanu wachinyamata angachite kuti athane ndi kukhumudwa ndi izi:

• khalani athanzi ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• musayembekezere kapena kukwaniritsa zolinga
• khalani ndi maubwenzi abwino oti mulumikizane ndi anthu ena
• khalani ndi moyo wosalira zambiri
• pemphani thandizo
• lembani zolemba zawo kuti afotokozere malingaliro awo ndi momwe akumvera

Pali magulu ambiri othandizira omwe angathandize kuti mwana wanu azitha kulumikizana ndi achinyamata ena omwe ali ndi vuto lakukhumudwa. Nawa magulu othandizira pakukhumudwa:

• Facebook's Anxiety and Depression Support Group
• Nkhawa ndi Kukhumudwa Association of America
• Magulu Obwezeretsa Kukhumudwa: Achinyamata & Zaka Zaku koleji
• Action Family Foundation
• Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA)
• Achinyamata Paintaneti

Zinthu zikafika poipa, pemphani thandizo kwa katswiri wazachipatala nthawi yomweyo. Kuphatikiza apo, nayi njira zina zodziletsa:

• Njira Yodzitetezera Kudzipha
• National Suicide Prevention Lifeline pa Facebook
• Kliniki Yovuta
• Mzere Wamalemba Wamavuto
• Ndili moyo

Chiwonetsero

Matenda aunyamata amakhudza achinyamata ambiri. Matenda okhumudwa amachititsa kuti achinyamata ambiri adziphe, choncho tiyenera kuwaona mozama. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuvutika maganizo kwa achinyamata msanga. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro za kukhumudwa, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi katswiri wazamankhwala. Chithandizocho chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo psychotherapy ndi mankhwala.