Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Mitundu Yachithokomiro

Zamkati

• Kodi mitsempha ya chithokomiro ndi chiyani?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro ndi ziti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa mitsempha ya chithokomiro?
• Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse matenda a chithokomiro?
• Kodi matenda a chithokomiro amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi timadontho ta chithokomiro timachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Kodi mitsempha ya chithokomiro ingapewe?

Kodi mitsempha ya chithokomiro ndi chiyani?

Nthenda ya chithokomiro ndi chotupa chomwe chimatha kukhala ndi vuto lanu la chithokomiro. Itha kukhala yolimba kapena yodzaza ndimadzimadzi. Mutha kukhala ndi nodule imodzi kapena gulu limodzi lamagama. Mitundu ya chithokomiro ndi yofala kwambiri ndipo imapezeka kawirikawiri khansa.

Chithokomiro chanu ndi kansalu kakang'ono kokhala ngati gulugufe komwe kali pafupi ndi kholingo (mawu amawu) komanso kutsogolo kwa trachea (mphepo). England iyi imatulutsa ndikubisa mahomoni awiri omwe amakhudza kugunda kwa mtima wanu, kutentha kwa thupi lanu, ndi machitidwe ambiri amthupi - gulu lamagulu amachitidwe omwe onse amadziwika kuti metabolism.

Minyewa ya chithokomiro imadziwika kuti ndi yozizira, yotentha, kapena yotentha, kutengera kuti imatulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro kapena ayi: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timazizira sizimapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Minyewa yotentha imakhala ngati maselo abwinobwino a chithokomiro. Mitundu yotentha imatulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Zoposa 90 peresenti ya mitsempha yonse ya chithokomiro imakhala yosaopsa (yopanda khansa). Mitundu yambiri ya chithokomiro siili yoopsa ndipo imayambitsa zizindikiro zochepa. Ndipo ndizotheka kuti mukhale ndi chotupa cha chithokomiro osadziwa.

Pokhapokha mutakhala wamkulu mokwanira kuti mukanikizire pamphepo yanu, simungakhale ndi zizindikilo zowonekera. Mitundu yambiri yamtundu wa chithokomiro imapezeka mukamayeserera (monga CT scan kapena MRI scan) yochitidwa kuti ipeze china chake.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro ndi ziti?

Mutha kukhala ndi chotupa cha chithokomiro ndipo mulibe zizindikilo zowonekera. Koma ngati noduleyo ikukula mokwanira, mutha kuyamba:

• khungu lokulitsa la chithokomiro, lotchedwa goiter
• ululu m'munsi mwa khosi lanu
• kumeza zovuta
• kupuma movutikira
• mawu okweza

Ngati chithokomiro chanu chimatulutsa mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za hyperthyroidism, monga:

• mofulumira, kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha
• kuonda kosadziwika
• kufooka kwa minofu
• kuvuta kugona
• manjenje

Nthawi zina, mitsempha ya chithokomiro imayamba kukhala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chithokomiro omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chokhala ndi chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito (hypothyroidism). Zizindikiro za hypothyroidism ndi monga:

• kutopa kosalekeza
• kunenepa kosadziwika
• kudzimbidwa
• kutengeka ndi kuzizira
• khungu louma ndi tsitsi
• misomali yosweka

Nchiyani chimayambitsa mitsempha ya chithokomiro?

Mitundu yambiri ya chithokomiro imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa minofu yabwinobwino ya chithokomiro. Zomwe zimachulukirachulukira nthawi zambiri sizidziwika, koma pali maziko olimba amtundu.

Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha ya chithokomiro imalumikizidwa ndi:

• Hashimoto's thyroiditis, matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha autoimmune omwe amatsogolera ku hypothyroidism
• thyroiditis, kapena kutupa kosatha kwa chithokomiro chanu
• khansa ya chithokomiro
• Kusowa kwa ayodini

Kuperewera kwa ayodini ndikosowa ku United States chifukwa chofala kwambiri kwa mchere wokhala ndi ayodini komanso mavitamini okhala ndi ayodini ambiri.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse matenda a chithokomiro?

Mutha kukhala ndi zotupa za chithokomiro ngati:

• munali ndi X-ray yochitidwa pa chithokomiro chanu muli wakhanda kapena muli mwana
• muli ndi vuto la chithokomiro lomwe linakhalapo kale, monga thyroiditis kapena Hashimoto's thyroiditis
• muli ndi mbiri yakunyumba yamavuto amtundu wa chithokomiro
• ndinu azaka 60 kapena kupitilira apo

Mitundu ya chithokomiro imakhala yofala kwambiri mwa amayi. Akakula mwa amuna, amakhala ndi khansa.

Kodi matenda a chithokomiro amapezeka bwanji?

Simungadziwe kuti muli ndi nodule mpaka dokotala wanu atapeza poyesedwa. Atha kumamvanso nodule.

Ngati akukayikira kuti muli ndi nthenda ya chithokomiro, mwina angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wazamaphunziro. Dotolo wamtunduwu amagwiritsa ntchito mbali zonse za dongosolo la endocrine (mahomoni), kuphatikiza chithokomiro.

Katswiri wanu wamaphunziro azamaphunziro adzafuna kuphunzira ngati:

• adalandira chithandizo cha radiation pamutu kapena pakhosi lanu ngati khanda kapena mwana
• khalani ndi mbiri yakale ya banja la mitsempha ya chithokomiro
• kukhala ndi mbiri yamavuto ena a chithokomiro

Adzagwiritsa ntchito mayesero amodzi kapena angapo kuti adziwe ndikuwunika mutu wanu:

• chithokomiro ultrasound, kuti muwone momwe thupi limapangidwira
• chithokomiro, kuti mudziwe ngati nodule ndi yotentha, yotentha, kapena yozizira (kuyesaku kumachitika pomwe chithokomiro chimagwira ntchito kwambiri)
• chikhumbo chabwino cha singano, kuti atoleko gawo la nodule kuti akayesedwe mu labotale
• kuyesa magazi, kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (TSH)

Kodi timadontho ta chithokomiro timachiritsidwa bwanji?

Zosankha zanu zimadalira kukula ndi mtundu wa chithokomiro chomwe muli nacho.

Ngati mutu wanu suli khansa ndipo simukuyambitsa mavuto, katswiri wanu wamaphunziro atha kusankha kuti sakufunikira chithandizo konse. M'malo mwake, amayang'anitsitsa mutuwo ndikuchezera maofesi pafupipafupi komanso ma ultrasound.

Mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imayamba ngati yosaopsa nthawi zambiri imasintha khansa. Komabe, anu endocrinologist atha kuchita ma biopsies nthawi zina kuti athetse kuthekera.

Ngati nodule yanu ndi yotentha, kapena ikuchulukitsa mahomoni a chithokomiro, katswiri wanu wazamaphunziro amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini kapena opareshoni kuti athetse mutuwo. Ngati mwakhala mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism, izi ziyenera kuthetsa zizindikilo zanu. Ngati chithokomiro chanu chochulukirapo chawonongeka kapena kuchotsedwa panthawiyi, mungafunikire kumwa mahomoni a chithokomiro nthawi zonse.

Monga njira ina yothandizira ma ayodini kapena opareshoni, katswiri wanu wamaphunziro oyeserera angayesetse kuchiritsa mutu wamankhwala otentha ndikukupatsani mankhwala oletsa chithokomiro.

M'mbuyomu, madokotala ena amagwiritsa ntchito mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro poyeserera kuti achepetse mitsempha ya chithokomiro. Mchitidwewu wasiyidwa kwambiri chifukwa kwakukulu unali wosagwira ntchito.

Komabe, mahomoni a chithokomiro akhoza kukhala ofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito (monga omwe ali ndi Hashimoto's thyroiditis).

Katswiri wanu wamagetsi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chikhumbo chabwino cha singano kuti akhetse nodule yanu ngati yadzaza madzi.

Kodi mitsempha ya chithokomiro ingapewe?

Palibe njira yoletsa kukula kwa chotupa cha chithokomiro. Ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi chotupa cha chithokomiro, katswiri wanu wamaphunziro atha kutenga njira zochotsera kapena kuwononga kapena kungoyang'anira mosalekeza. Mitundu yambiri ya khansa yopanda khansa siyowopsa, ndipo anthu ambiri safuna chithandizo.