Mlembi: Randy Alexander
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 3 Epulo 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 21 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Ricovir(tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) tablets uses and side effects review in urdu/hindi
Kanema: Ricovir(tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) tablets uses and side effects review in urdu/hindi

Zamkati

Truvada ndi chiyani?

Truvada ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kachilombo ka HIV. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popewera kachirombo ka HIV mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga HIV. Kugwiritsa ntchito, komwe mankhwala amaperekedwa munthuyo asanatenge kachilombo ka HIV, amatchedwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Truvada ili ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Mankhwala onsewa amadziwika kuti nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Awa ndi mankhwala antiviral, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda kuchokera kuma virus. Mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi HIV (kachilombo ka HIV).

Truvada imabwera ngati piritsi lomwe mumamwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.

Kuchita bwino

Kuti mumve zambiri zantchito ya Truvada, onani gawo la "Truvada ntchito" pansipa.

Truvada generic

Truvada imapezeka kokha ngati mankhwala omwe ali ndi dzina. Sikupezeka pakadali pano mu mawonekedwe achibadwa.

Truvada ili ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.


Zotsatira zoyipa za Truvada

Truvada imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zoyipa kapena zoyipa. Mndandanda wotsatirawu muli zina mwazovuta zomwe zingachitike mukamamwa Truvada. Mndandandawu mulibe zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike.

Kuti mumve zambiri pazomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha Truvada, kapena maupangiri amomwe mungathanirane ndi zovuta zoyipa, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za Truvada ndi monga:

  • kutopa
  • nseru
  • kusanza
  • kutsegula m'mimba
  • chizungulire
  • matenda opuma
  • nkusani matenda
  • zidzolo
  • mutu
  • kusowa tulo (kuvuta kugona)
  • kupweteka kwa mafupa
  • chikhure
  • cholesterol yambiri

Zambiri mwa zotsatirazi zimatha kutha masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati ali ovuta kwambiri kapena osapita, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa

  • Mavuto a chiwindi. Zizindikiro za mavuto a chiwindi zimatha kuphatikiza:
    • kupweteka kapena kutupa m'mimba mwanu (m'mimba)
    • nseru
    • kusanza
    • kutopa
    • chikasu cha khungu lako ndi oyera m'maso mwako
  • Matenda okhumudwa. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
    • kumva chisoni kapena kutsika
    • kuchepetsa chidwi cha zinthu zomwe mumakonda
    • kugona kwambiri kapena moperewera
    • kutopa kapena kutaya mphamvu
  • Kutaya mafupa
  • Mavuto a impso *
  • Matenda okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi
  • Lactic acidosis *
  • Kukulira kwa matenda a kachirombo ka hepatitis B *

Zotsatira zoyipa

Mutha kudabwa kuti zovuta zina zimachitika kangati ndi mankhwalawa. Nazi zina mwazovuta zina zomwe mankhwalawa angayambitse.


Zotsatira zoyipa zazitali

Kugwiritsa ntchito Truvada kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kukulitsa chiopsezo chotaya mafupa komanso impso.

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV, Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena antiviral. Kutengera ndi mankhwala ena omwe amatengedwa ndi Truvada, zovuta zina zazitali zimatha kuchitika.

Kutaya mafupa

Truvada imatha kuyambitsa mafupa akulu, ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa mafupa mwa ana. Ngakhale zizindikiro zoyambirira za kutayika kwa mafupa ndizosowa, zizindikilo zina zimatha kuphatikiza:

  • m'kamwa
  • ofooka nsinga mphamvu
  • zikhadabo zofooka, zopyapyala

Mukatenga Truvada, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa kuti aone ngati mafupa atayika. Angakulimbikitseninso kuti mutenge vitamini D ndi calcium zowonjezera kuti muteteze mafupa.

Kuti mudziwe kuti kutayika kwa mafupa kumachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe Truvada adalemba.

Mavuto a impso

Kwa anthu ena, Truvada imatha kuyambitsa kapena kukulitsa mavuto a impso. Komabe, chiopsezo chikuwoneka kuti ndi chochepa. Kuti mudziwe kuti izi zimachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe Truvada adalemba.


Dokotala wanu adzayezetsa magazi kuti awone momwe impso zanu zimayendera musanalandire chithandizo komanso Truvada. Ngati impso zanu sizikuyenda bwino, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha mlingo wanu wa Truvada. Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso, simungathe kutenga Truvada.

Zizindikiro za mavuto a impso zitha kuphatikiza:

  • kupweteka kwa mafupa kapena minofu
  • kufooka
  • kutopa
  • nseru
  • kusanza
  • Kuchepetsa mkodzo kutulutsa

Ngati zotsatirazi zikachitika kapena zikafika povuta, adokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti musiye kumwa Truvada ndikusinthira kuchipatala china.

Matenda okonzanso chitetezo cha mthupi

Chithandizo cha HIV ndi Truvada kapena mankhwala ofanana amatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwakanthawi m'thupi lanu (lomwe limalimbana ndi matenda).

Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kupangitsa thupi lanu kuyankha ku matenda omwe mudakhala nawo m'mbuyomu. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati muli ndi kachilombo katsopano, koma kwenikweni ndi chitetezo chamthupi chanu cholimbikitsidwa ndimatenda akale.

Matendawa amatchedwa immune reconstitution syndrome. Amatchedwanso immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), chifukwa thupi lanu nthawi zambiri limayankha matendawa ndimatupa ambiri.

Zitsanzo za matenda omwe "amatha" kupezeka ndi vutoli ndi monga chifuwa chachikulu, chibayo, ndi matenda a mafangasi. Ngati matendawa abwereranso, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo kapena antifungal kuti muwachiritse.

Kuti mudziwe kuti matenda okonzanso chitetezo cha mthupi amachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe a Truvada amapereka. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala

Lactic acidosis

Pali malipoti ena a lactic acidosis mwa anthu omwe amatenga Truvada. Lactic acidosis ndikumanga kwa asidi m'thupi komwe kumatha kupha moyo. Mukakhala ndi zizindikilo za lactic acidosis, adotolo angakulimbikitseni kusiya mankhwala anu ndi Truvada.

Zizindikiro za lactic acidosis zitha kuphatikiza:

  • kukokana kwa minofu
  • chisokonezo
  • Mpweya wonunkhira bwino
  • kufooka
  • kutopa
  • kuvuta kupuma

Kuti mudziwe kuti lactic acidosis idachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe a Truvada amapereka. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Kukulira kwa matenda a kachirombo ka hepatitis B

Kukulira kwa matenda a kachirombo ka hepatitis B kumatha kuchitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hepatitis B omwe amasiya kumwa Truvada. Ngati muli ndi hepatitis B ndikusiya kumwa Truvada, dokotala wanu amayesa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti awone chiwindi chanu kwa miyezi ingapo mutasiya mankhwalawa.

Zizindikiro za matenda a hepatitis B atha kuphatikizira:

  • kupweteka kapena kutupa m'mimba mwanu
  • nseru
  • kusanza
  • kutopa
  • chikasu cha khungu lako ndi oyera m'maso mwako

Kuti mudziwe kuti matenda a hepatitis B akuwonjezeka kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe a Truvada amapereka. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Ziphuphu pakhungu

Rash ndi zotsatira zoyipa za Truvada. Izi zimatha kuchoka ndikupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kuti mudziwe kuti kuphulika kumachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe Truvada adalemba. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Kuchepetsa thupi kapena phindu

Kuchepetsa thupi kwachitika mwa anthu omwe amatenga Truvada. Kuti mudziwe kuti kuwonda kunachitika kangati m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe a Truvada amapereka.

Kunenepa sikunanenedwe m'maphunziro a Truvada.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa pazomwe zingachitike, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Mlingo wa Truvada

Chidziwitso chotsatirachi chimalongosola miyezo yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kapena amalimbikitsidwa. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mwatenga mlingo womwe dokotala akukulemberani. Dokotala wanu adzazindikira mlingo woyenera kuti ugwirizane ndi zosowa zanu.

Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mphamvu

Truvada imabwera ngati piritsi lokhala ndi mapiritsi omwe amakhala ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi lililonse: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Zimabwera ndi mphamvu zinayi:

  • 100 mg emtricitabine / 150 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 133 mg emtricitabine / 200 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 167 mg emtricitabine / 250 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Mlingo wa chithandizo cha HIV

Mlingo wa Truvada umadalira kulemera kwa munthu. Izi ndizofanana:

  • Kwa achikulire kapena ana omwe amalemera 35 kg (77 lbs) kapena kupitilira apo: Piritsi limodzi, 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, yotengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.
  • Kwa ana omwe amalemera 28 mpaka 34 kg (62 mpaka 75 lb): Piritsi limodzi, 167 mg emtricitabine / 250 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, yotengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.
  • Kwa ana omwe amalemera 22 mpaka 27 kg (48 mpaka 59 lb): Piritsi limodzi, 133 mg emtricitabine / 200 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, yotengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.
  • Kwa ana omwe amalemera makilogalamu 17 mpaka 21 (37 mpaka 46 lb): Piritsi limodzi, 100 mg emtricitabine / 150 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, yotengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso: Dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha kangati mumatenga Truvada.

  • Kwa matenda ofooka a impso, palibe kusintha kwa mlingo komwe kumafunikira.
  • Pa matenda amkati a impso, mutha kutenga Truvada tsiku lililonse.
  • Kwa matenda oopsa a impso, kuphatikizapo ngati muli ndi dialysis, mwina simungathe kutenga Truvada.

Mlingo wa kupewa HIV (PrEP)

Kwa achikulire kapena achinyamata omwe amalemera 35 kg (77 lbs) kapena kupitilira apo, piritsi limodzi la 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate limatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse. (Wopanga samapereka mlingo wa anthu omwe amalemera ochepera 35 kg [77 lbs]).

Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso, simungathe kutenga Truvada kuti mutenge pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Ndingatani ngati ndaphonya mlingo? Kodi ndiyenera kumwa kawiri?

Mukaphonya mlingo, imwani mukamakumbukira. Koma ngati ili pafupi nthawi ya mlingo wanu wotsatira, ingotengani mlingo umodziwo. Osachulukitsa mlingo kuti mupeze. Kutenga mankhwala awiri nthawi imodzi kungapangitse kuti mukhale ndi zovuta zoyipa.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwatenga kawiri kapena kupitilira apo tsiku limodzi, itanani dokotala wanu. Atha kulangiza chithandizo chazizindikiro zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo, kapena chithandizo chothandizira kupewa zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Kuyesedwa musanayambe Truvada

Musanayambe Truvada, dokotala wanu adzayesa magazi. Mayesowa adzawunika:

  • Matenda a hepatitis B
  • mavuto a impso ndi chiwindi
  • kupezeka kwa kachirombo ka HIV (kwa PrEP kokha)
  • HIV ndi chitetezo cha mthupi (kuchuluka kwa kachilombo ka HIV kokha)

Dokotala wanu adzayesa magazi awa ndi ena musanayambe kumwa Truvada, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi mukamalandira mankhwala.

Truvada amagwiritsa

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) imavomereza mankhwala akuchipatala monga Truvada kuti athetse mavuto ena.

Truvada ndivomerezedwa ndi FDA pochiza kachilombo ka HIV, komanso kupewa kachilombo ka HIV mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV. Ntchito yachiwiriyi, momwe mankhwalawa amaperekedwera munthuyo asanatenge kachilombo ka HIV, amatchedwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Truvada ya HIV

Truvada imavomerezedwa kuchiza kachilombo ka HIV mwa akulu ndi ana omwe. HIV ndi kachilombo kamene kamafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi. Popanda mankhwala, kachirombo ka HIV kamatha kukhala Edzi. Nthawi zina, Truvada itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ayesapo chithandizo china cha HIV chomwe sichinawathandize.

Truvada amadziwika kuti ndi "msana" mankhwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi imodzi mwamankhwala omwe dongosolo la chithandizo cha HIV limakhalira. Mankhwala ena amatengedwa limodzi ndi mankhwala a msana.

Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse limodzi ndi mankhwala amodzi osavomerezeka a HIV. Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi Truvada pochiza HIV ndi awa:

  • Chiwombankhanga (raltegravir)
  • Tivicay (dzina loti dolutegravir)
  • Evotaz (atazanavir ndi cobicistat)
  • Prezcobix (darunavir ndi cobicistat)
  • Kaletra (lopinavir ndi ritonavir)
  • Prezista (darunavir)
  • Reyataz (atazanavir)
  • Norvir (chizolowezi)

Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchiza kachilombo ka HIV

Malinga ndi malangizo amathandizidwe, Truvada, kuphatikiza mankhwala ena antivirusi, akuwerengedwa ngati njira yoyamba kusankha kwa munthu amene akuyamba chithandizo cha HIV.

Mankhwala osankhidwa oyamba a HIV ndi mankhwala omwe ndi awa:

  • othandiza kuchepetsa ma virus
  • khalani ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa zina
  • yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito

Momwe Truvada imagwirira ntchito kwa munthu aliyense zimadalira pazinthu zambiri. Izi ndi monga:

  • mikhalidwe ya matenda awo a HIV
  • matenda ena omwe ali nawo
  • amamamatira kwambiri ku mankhwala awo

Kuti mumve zambiri za momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe a Truvada amapereka.

Truvada ya pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

Truvada ndiye chithandizo chokhacho chovomerezeka ndi FDA cha pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Ndiwonso mankhwala okhaokha a PrEP omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Truvada imavomerezedwa popewa kachilombo ka HIV mwa akulu ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndi omwe:

  • kukhala ndi bwenzi logonana lomwe liri ndi kachilombo ka HIV
  • amachita zogonana komwe kuli kachilombo ka HIV ndipo ali ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa, monga:
    • osagwiritsa ntchito kondomu
    • kukhala mndende kapena kundende
    • kukhala ndi chidakwa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo
    • kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana
    • kusinthana kwa ndalama, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chakudya, kapena pogona

Kuchita bwino kupewa HIV (PrEP)

Truvada ndiye chithandizo chokhacho chovomerezeka ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cha PrEP. Ndiwonso mankhwala okhaokha a PrEP omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Zapezeka zothandiza pakuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mankhwalawa amathandizira m'maphunziro azachipatala, onani zomwe Truvada adalemba komanso kafukufukuyu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Truvada ndi mankhwala ena

Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kachilombo ka HIV. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popewera kachirombo ka HIV mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga HIV. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwachiwiri kumeneku kumatchedwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ena ochizira HIV

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV, Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena antiviral.

Malinga ndi malangizo amathandizidwe a HIV, Truvada kuphatikiza mankhwala ena ochepetsa ma virus monga Tivicay (dolutegravir) kapena Isentress (raltegravir) ndi njira yodziwikiratu poyambitsa chithandizo cha HIV. Nthawi zina, Truvada itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ayesapo chithandizo china cha HIV chomwe sichinawathandize.

Mankhwala osankhidwa oyamba a HIV ndi mankhwala omwe ndi awa:

  • othandiza kuchepetsa ma virus
  • khalani ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa zina
  • yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito

Truvada ndi Tivicay

Tivicay (dolutegravir) ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amatchedwa HIV integrase inhibitor. Tivicay imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi Truvada pochiza HIV.

Malinga ndi malangizo amankhwala, kutenga Truvada ndi Tivicay ndi njira yoyamba kwa anthu omwe akuyamba kulandira kachilombo ka HIV.

Truvada ndi Isentress

Isentress (raltegravir) ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amatchedwa HIV integrase inhibitor. Isentress imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi Truvada pochiza HIV.

Malinga ndi malangizo a chithandizo chamankhwala a HIV, kutenga Truvada ndi Isentress ndichisankho choyambirira kwa anthu omwe akuyamba kulandira kachilombo ka HIV.

Truvada ndi Kaletra

Kaletra ili ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: lopinavir ndi ritonavir. Mankhwala onse omwe ali ku Kaletra amadziwika kuti protease inhibitors.

Kaletra nthawi zina amaphatikizidwa ndi Truvada kuchiza kachilombo ka HIV. Ngakhale kuphatikiza ndikothandiza pochiza kachilombo ka HIV, malangizo azithandizo samalimbikitsa ngati njira yoyamba kusankha kwa anthu ambiri omwe ayamba kulandira kachilombo ka HIV. Ndi chifukwa chakuti kuphatikiza uku kuli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chazovuta zina kuposa njira zina.

Sagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala ena a HIV PrEP

Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha ikapatsidwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Sagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala ena.

Truvada ndi mowa

Kumwa mowa mukamamwa Truvada kumatha kuonjezera ngozi zina zoyipa, monga:

  • nseru
  • kusanza
  • kutsegula m'mimba
  • mutu

Kumwa mowa kwambiri komanso kumwa Truvada kungapangitsenso chiopsezo cha chiwindi kapena impso.

Mukatenga Truvada, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati kumwa mowa ndibwino kwa inu.

Kuyanjana kwa Truvada

Truvada imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena angapo. Itha kulumikizananso ndi zowonjezera zina, komanso ndi madzi amphesa.

Kuyanjana kosiyanasiyana kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ena amatha kusokoneza momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito, pomwe ena amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina.

Truvada ndi mankhwala ena

M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe angagwirizane ndi Truvada. Mndandandawu mulibe mankhwala onse omwe atha kuyanjana ndi Truvada.

Musanatenge Truvada, onetsetsani kuti mukuwuza adotolo ndi asayansi wanu zamankhwala onse, pa-counter ndi mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa. Auzeni za mavitamini, zitsamba, ndi zowonjezera zilizonse zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Kugawana izi kungakuthandizeni kupewa kuyanjana komwe kungachitike.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe angakukhudzeni, funsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Mankhwala omwe amatha kuyanjana ndi Truvada

M'munsimu muli zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe amatha kuyanjana ndi Truvada. Mndandandawu mulibe mankhwala onse omwe atha kuyanjana ndi Truvada.

  • Mankhwala omwe amakhudza impso. Truvada imachotsedwa mthupi lanu ndi impso zanu. Kutenga Truvada ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachotsedwa ndi impso zanu, kapena mankhwala omwe angawononge impso zanu, atha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa Truvada mthupi lanu ndikuwonjezera ngozi yanu yoyipa. Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe amachotsedwa ndi impso zanu kapena omwe angawononge impso zanu ndi awa:
    • acyclovir (Zovirax)
    • adefovir (Hepsera)
    • aspirin
    • cidofovir
    • diclofenac (Cambia, Voltaren, Zorvolex)
    • ganciclovir (Cytovene)
    • alireza
    • ibuprofen (Motrin)
    • naproxen (Aleve)
    • valacyclovir (Valtrex)
    • valganciclovir (Valcyte)
  • Atazanavir. Kutenga Truvada ndi atazanavir (Reyataz), yomwe ndi mankhwala ena a kachilombo ka HIV, kumatha kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa atazanavir mthupi lanu. Izi zitha kupangitsa atazanavir kukhala yosagwira bwino ntchito.
  • Didanosine. Kutenga Truvada ndi didanosine (Videx EC) kumatha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa didanosine mthupi lanu ndikuchulukitsa chiopsezo chanu cha zotsatirapo za didanosine.
  • Epclusa. Mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a chiwindi a C, Epclusa ali ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: sofosbuvir ndi velpatasvir.Kutenga Epclusa ndi Truvada kumatha kukulitsa thupi lanu la tenofovir, chimodzi mwazigawo za Truvada. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku tenofovir.
  • Harvoni. Mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a chiwindi a C, Harvoni ali ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: sofosbuvir ndi ledipasvir. Kutenga Harvoni ndi Truvada kumatha kukulitsa thupi lanu la tenofovir, chimodzi mwazigawo za Truvada. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku tenofovir.
  • Kaletra. Kaletra, mankhwala ena a HIV, ali ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: lopinavir ndi ritonavir. Kutenga Kaletra ndi Truvada kungakulitse kuchuluka kwa thupi lanu la tenofovir, chimodzi mwazinthu zopangira Truvada. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazovuta kuchokera ku tenefovir.

Truvada ndi manyumwa

Kumwa msuzi wamphesa mukumwa Truvada kumatha kukulitsa thupi lanu la tenofovir, chimodzi mwazomwe zimaphatikizidwa ku Truvada. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira zoyipa kuchokera ku tenofovir. Ngati mukumwa Truvada, musamwe madzi amphesa.

Sipanakhalepo kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kudya zipatso zamtengo wapatali mutatenga Truvada. Komabe, kungakhale lingaliro labwino kupewa kudya zipatso zambiri kuti mupewe mavuto omwe angawonjezeke.

Njira zina ku Truvada

Truvada ili ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Truvada imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira komanso kupewa kachilombo ka HIV.

Pali mankhwala ena ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV. Ena akhoza kukuyenererani kuposa ena. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri zamankhwala ena omwe atha kukuthandizani.

Njira zochizira HIV

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV, Truvada imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena a antiviral. Kuphatikiza komwe Truvada amadziwika ndi Truvada kuphatikiza Isentress (raltegravir), ndi Truvada kuphatikiza Tivicay (dolutegravir). Izi zimawerengedwa ngati njira zoyambirira zosankhira anthu omwe akuyamba kulandira chithandizo cha HIV.

Zitsanzo zamankhwala ena oyamba kusankha omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza HIV ndi awa:

  • Biktarvy (bictegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide)
  • Genvoya (elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir alafenamide, emtricitabine)
  • Kugulitsa (elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine)
  • Isentress (raltegravir) kuphatikiza Kutsika (tenofovir alafenamide ndi emtricitabine)
  • Isentress (raltegravir) kuphatikiza Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) ndi lamivudine
  • Tivicay (dolutegravir) kuphatikiza Kutsika (tenofovir alafenamide ndi emtricitabine)
  • Tivicay (dolutegravir) kuphatikiza Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) ndi lamivudine
  • Anayankha (dolutegravir, abacavir, lamivudine)

Mankhwala osankha oyamba a HIV ndi mankhwala omwe:

  • amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma virus
  • khalani ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa zina
  • ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito

Pali mankhwala ena ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV munthawi zina, koma awa amangogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mankhwala osankhidwa oyamba sangagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Njira zina za HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

Truvada ndiye chithandizo chokhacho chovomerezeka ndi FDA cha PrEP. Ndiwonso mankhwala okhaokha a PrEP omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Pakadali pano, palibe njira zina ku Truvada za PrEP.

Truvada motsutsana ndi Descovy

Mutha kudabwa momwe Truvada ikufananirana ndi mankhwala ena omwe amaperekedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito chimodzimodzi. Apa tikuwona momwe Truvada ndi Descovy alili ofanana komanso osiyana.

Zosakaniza

Truvada ili ndi mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Descovy mulinso mankhwala awiri piritsi limodzi: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir alafenamide.

Mankhwala onsewa ali ndi mankhwala a tenofovir, koma mosiyanasiyana. Truvada ili ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ndipo Descovy ili ndi tenofovir alafenamide. Mankhwalawa ndi ofanana kwambiri, koma amakhala ndi zovuta pang'ono mthupi.

Ntchito

Truvada ndi Descovy onse ndi ovomerezeka ndi FDA kuti athetse kachilombo ka HIV akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena opha ma virus.

Truvada imavomerezedwanso kuti ipewe HIV mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga HIV. Izi zimatchedwa pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Mafomu ndi makonzedwe

Truvada ndi Descovy onse amabwera ngati mapiritsi amkamwa omwe amatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse.

Zotsatira zoyipa ndi zoopsa

Truvada ndi Descovy ndi mankhwala ofanana kwambiri ndipo amayambitsa mavuto ofanana.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri

Zitsanzo za zovuta zoyipa kwambiri za Truvada ndi Descovy ndi monga:

  • kutsegula m'mimba
  • mutu
  • kutopa
  • matenda opuma
  • chikhure
  • kusanza
  • zidzolo

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zitsanzo zoyipa zomwe Truvada ndi Descovy adagawana ndi monga:

  • kutaya mafupa
  • kuwonongeka kwa impso
  • kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
  • lactic acidosis
  • chitetezo cha mthupi

Onse a Truvada ndi a Descovy ali ndi machenjezo a nkhonya ochokera ku FDA. Chenjezo la nkhonya ndiye chenjezo lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe a FDA amafunikira. Machenjezo akuti mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa matenda opatsirana a hepatitis B pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwalawa.

Truvada ndi Descovy atha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso. Komabe, Descovy amachititsa kuchepa kwa mafupa pang'ono kuposa Truvada. Descovy nawonso sangayambitse impso kuposa Truvada.

Kuchita bwino

Kuchita bwino kwa Truvada ndi Descovy sikunafanizidwe mwachindunji m'maphunziro azachipatala. Komabe, kuyerekeza kosawonekera kunawonetsa kuti Truvada ndi Descovy atha kukhala othandiza mofananamo pochiza HIV.

Malinga ndi malangizo amankhwala, Truvada kapena Descovy kuphatikiza mankhwala ena antiviral, monga Tivicay (dolutegravir) kapena Isentress (raltegravir), amatengedwa ngati njira zoyambirira posankha chithandizo cha HIV.

Mtengo

Mtengo wa Truvada kapena Descovy umasiyana malinga ndi dongosolo lanu la mankhwala. Kuti muwunikenso mitengo yomwe ingatheke, pitani ku GoodRx.com. Mtengo weniweni womwe mudzalipire mankhwalawa umadalira inshuwaransi yanu. malo omwe muli, ndi malo ogulitsira omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.

Momwe mungatengere Truvada

Muyenera kutenga Truvada malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala wanu.

Kusunga nthawi

Truvada imayenera kutengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse pafupifupi nthawi yofananira tsiku lililonse.

Kutenga Truvada ndi chakudya

Truvada imatha kumwedwa kapena wopanda chakudya. Kutenga ndi chakudya kungathandize kuchepetsa kukhumudwa m'mimba komwe kungayambitsidwe ndi mankhwala.

Kodi Truvada ingaphwanyidwe?

Piritsi lamlomo la Truvada sayenera kuphwanyidwa. Iyenera kumezedwa kwathunthu.

Momwe Truvada imagwirira ntchito

Truvada ili ndi mankhwala awiri: emtricitabine ndi tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Mankhwalawa onse ndi ma nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

Mankhwalawa amaletsa enzyme yotchedwa reverse transcriptase yomwe HIV imayenera kudzikopera. Mwa kutseka enzyme iyi, Truvada imalepheretsa kachilomboka kukula ndikudzitsanzira. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa kachirombo ka HIV mthupi lanu kumayamba kuchepa.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti zigwire ntchito?

Mankhwala omwe ali ku Truvada amayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa ma virus. Komabe, zimatha kutenga mwezi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi mankhwala anu a HIV asanatsike mokwanira kuti sangapezeke m'magazi anu. (Ichi ndiye cholinga chamankhwala. Ngati kachilombo ka HIV sikupezeka, sikuthenso kutumizirana ndi munthu wina.)

Zisamaliro za Truvada

Mankhwalawa ali ndi machenjezo a nkhonya ochokera ku Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Chenjezo la nkhonya ndiye chenjezo lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe a FDA amafuna. Chenjezo la nkhonya limachenjeza madokotala ndi odwala za zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa.

  • Kukulira kwa matenda a hepatitis B virus (HBV)Matenda a HBV amatha kukulirakulira mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a HBV ndikusiya kumwa Truvada. Ngati muli ndi HBV ndikusiya kumwa Truvada, dokotala wanu amayesa magazi kuti awone chiwindi chanu nthawi ndi nthawi kwa miyezi ingapo mutasiya mankhwalawa. Mungafunike chithandizo cha matenda a HBV.
  • Kukaniza Truvada: Truvada sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV chifukwa izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda a Truvada. Kulimbana ndi kachilombo kumatanthawuza kuti kachilombo ka HIV sichingathenso kuchiritsidwa ndi Truvada. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Truvada ku PrEP, dokotala wanu adzayezetsa magazi ngati ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV musanayambe kumwa mankhwala komanso pafupifupi miyezi itatu iliyonse mukamalandira chithandizo.

Njira zina zodzitetezera

Musanatenge Truvada, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mbiri yanu. Truvada mwina siyabwino kwa inu ngati muli ndi matenda ena kapena zina zomwe zimakhudza thanzi lanu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • Matenda a impso: Truvada imatha kukulitsa ntchito ya impso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso. Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso, mungafunike kumwa Truvada tsiku lililonse m'malo mokhala tsiku. Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso, simungathe kutenga Truvada.
  • Matenda a chiwindi: Truvada imatha kuwononga chiwindi. Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, Truvada imatha kukulitsa vuto lanu.
  • Matenda a mafupa: Truvada imatha kuyambitsa mafupa. Ngati muli ndi matenda am'mafupa, monga kufooka kwa mafupa, mutha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka ngati mungatenge Truvada.

Zindikirani: Kuti mumve zambiri pazotsatira zoyipa za Truvada, onani gawo la "Zotsatira za Truvada" pamwambapa.

Kuchulukitsitsa kwa Truvada

Kumwa mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso kungapangitse kuti mukhale ndi zovuta zina.

Zizindikiro zambiri za bongo

Zizindikiro za bongo zingaphatikizepo:

  • kukhumudwa m'mimba
  • kutsegula m'mimba
  • kusanza
  • kutopa
  • mutu
  • chizungulire
  • Zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa impso, monga:
    • kupweteka kwa mafupa kapena minofu
    • kufooka
    • kutopa
    • nseru
    • kusanza
    • Kuchepetsa mkodzo kutulutsa
  • Zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, monga:
    • kupweteka kapena kutupa m'mimba mwanu
    • nseru
    • kusanza
    • kutopa
    • chikasu chachikopa kapena kuyera kwa maso ako

Zomwe muyenera kuchita mukamagwiritsa ntchito bongo

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa kwambiri mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu kapena funsani malangizo kuchokera ku American Association of Poison Control Center ku 800-222-1222 kapena kudzera pa chida chawo pa intaneti. Koma ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.

Truvada ndi mimba

Kutenga Truvada pa trimester yoyamba ya mimba sikuwoneka kuti kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zolepheretsa kubadwa. Komabe, palibe chidziwitso chokhudza zotsatira za Truvada ngati atengedwa m'kati mwa trimesters yachiwiri kapena yachitatu, kapena ngati Truvada ikuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga padera.

M'maphunziro azinyama, Truvada sanakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pa ana. Komabe, maphunziro azinyama sikuwonetsa nthawi zonse momwe anthu angayankhire.

Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala musanatenge Truvada. Mukakhala ndi pakati mukamatenga Truvada, lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Truvada ndi kuyamwitsa

Mankhwala omwe amapezeka ku Truvada amaperekedwa mkaka wa m'mawere. Amayi omwe akutenga Truvada sayenera kuyamwitsa, chifukwa mwana yemwe akuyamwitsa akhoza kukhala ndi zovuta kuchokera ku Truvada.

Chifukwa china chosayamwitsa ndikuti kachilombo ka HIV kangapatsidwe kwa mwana kudzera mkaka wa m'mawere. Ku United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imalimbikitsa kuti azimayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV apewe kuyamwitsa.

(World Health Organisation ikulimbikitsabe kuyamwitsa amayi omwe ali ndi HIV m'maiko ambiri.)

Mafunso wamba a Truvada

Nawa mayankho pamafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri za Truvada.

Kodi Truvada imatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga?

Matenda ashuga si zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zafotokozedwa m'maphunziro a Truvada. Komabe, vuto la impso lotchedwa nephrogenic diabetes insipidus lachitika mwa anthu omwe amatenga Truvada. Ndi vutoli, impso sizigwira bwino ntchito, ndipo munthuyo amadutsa mkodzo wambiri. Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Ngati muli ndi vutoli ndipo likukulira, dokotala akhoza kusiya chithandizo chanu ndi Truvada.

Zizindikiro za nephrogenic shuga insipidus itha kuphatikizira:

  • khungu lowuma
  • kuchepa kukumbukira
  • chizungulire
  • kutopa
  • mutu
  • kupweteka kwa minofu
  • kuonda
  • orthostatic hypotension (kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayambitsa chizungulire pakuimirira)

Kodi Truvada ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza herpes?

Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United States ilangiza Truvada popewa matenda a herpes kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Komabe, kafukufuku wina wazachipatala adayesa ngati Truvada, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ku PrEP, ingatetezenso matenda a herpes. Maphunzirowa, omwe amapezeka apa ndi apa, anali ndi zotsatira zosakanikirana.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito Truvada pochiza herpes, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito Tylenol ndikutenga Truvada?

Palibe zomwe zimachitika pakati pa Tylenol (acetaminophen) ndi Truvada. Komabe, kumwa kwambiri Tylenol kumatha kuwononga chiwindi. Nthawi zina, Truvada idachititsanso kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Kutenga Mlingo wambiri wa Tylenol limodzi ndi Truvada kungapangitse chiopsezo chanu chakuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Kutha kwa Truvada

Truvada akatulutsidwa ku pharmacy, wamankhwalayo adzawonjezera tsiku lomwe lidzalembedwe pa botolo. Tsikuli limakhala chaka chimodzi kuchokera tsiku lomwe mankhwalawa adaperekedwa. Cholinga cha tsiku lomalizirali ndikutsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza panthawiyi.

Maganizo apano a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe atha ntchito. Komabe, kafukufuku wa FDA adawonetsa kuti mankhwala ambiri atha kukhala abwino kupitilira tsiku lomaliza lomwe lalembedwa m'botolo.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali mankhwalawa atha kudalira pazinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza momwe mankhwalawo amasungidwa. Truvada iyenera kusungidwa mu chidebe choyambirira kutentha, pafupifupi 77 ° F (25 ° C).

Ngati mwagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe sanadutse tsiku lomaliza, lankhulani ndi wamankhwala wanu ngati mungakwanitse kuugwiritsabe ntchito.

Chodzikanira: Nkhani Zamankhwala Masiku Ano yachita khama kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidziwitso zonse ndizolondola, zomveka bwino, komanso zatsopano. Komabe, nkhaniyi sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wa akatswiri pazachipatala. Muyenera kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zili pano zitha kusintha ndipo sizingapangidwe kuti zigwiritse ntchito, mayendedwe, zodzitetezera, machenjezo, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kusokonezeka, kapena zovuta zina. Kusapezeka kwa machenjezo kapena zidziwitso za mankhwala omwe apatsidwa sikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala kapena mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka, ogwira ntchito, komanso oyenera kwa odwala onse kapena ntchito zina zilizonse.

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