Kodi chotupacho mumtambo wa pituitary, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Kodi pali mankhwala mu pituitary gland?
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chotupacho mumtambo wa pituitary, womwe umadziwikanso kuti chotupa cha pituitary, umakhala ndi kukula kwa misa yachilendo yomwe imapezeka mumatumbo a pituitary, omwe amakhala kumapeto kwa ubongo. The pituitary gland is a master gland, yomwe imayang'anira ziwalo zina m'thupi kuti zitulutse mahomoni ake, kotero kuti chotupa chikapezeka m'derali, zizindikilo zingapo zimatha kupezeka, monga kusintha kwa chithokomiro, kusabereka kapena kukakamizidwa, mwachitsanzo .

Nthawi zambiri, zotupa za pituitary zimakhala zoyipa motero sizingatchulidwe khansa, yotchedwa pituitary adenomas, koma izi zimatha kubweretsanso mavuto akulu azaumoyo, chifukwa ambiri amatulutsa mahomoni owonjezera, okhudza thupi lonse, chifukwa chake amayesedwa ndi neurologist ndi endocrinologist ndipo adachitidwa moyenera.

Kodi pali mankhwala mu pituitary gland?

Zotupa za Benign sizimafalikira m'thupi lonse, chifukwa si carcinoma, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatsalira mu chishalo ku Turkey, komwe ndi malo ochepa pomwe chithokomiro chili, komabe amatha kukula ndikupitilira madera oyandikana nawo ngati zotengera magazi, misempha ndi sinus, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza ndipo zimatha kuthetsedweratu, ndizotheka kuchiritsa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za chotupa cha pituitary zimadalira kukula kwake ndi malo ake, koma atha kukhala:

Chotupa m'mimba yamkati (pafupipafupi)

• Kukula kwakukulu kwa ziwalo kapena mafupa, otchedwa acromegaly, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni okula (GH);
• Hyperthyroidism chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa timadzi tomwe timayambitsa mahomoni (TSH), omwe amayang'anira chithokomiro;
• Kukula msanga komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a ACTH omwe amatsogolera ku matenda a Cushing;
• Kuchepetsa kupanga mazira kapena umuna, zomwe zingayambitse kusabereka, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kupanga luteinizing hormone (LH) ndi follicle yotulutsa mahomoni (FSH);
• Kupanga madzi oyera ndi nipple, pakakhala chotupa chotulutsa prolactin, chomwe chimabweretsa kutulutsa kwa prolactin ndi mkaka wochuluka ndi mabere a amayi omwe sayamwitsa, otchedwa galactorrhea. Zomwe zimakhudza amuna ndizofanana ndipo chizindikirochi ndi matenda amtunduwu, wotchedwa prolactinoma.

Chotupa m'matenda am'munsi (osowa)

• Kufunafuna pafupipafupi kukodza ndi kukakamizidwa chifukwa chakupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma antidiuretic hormone (ADH);
• Zilonda zam'mimba, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa oxytocin, komwe kumabweretsa chiberekero cha chiberekero.

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikilo zina zitha kuwonekeranso, monga kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi komanso koopsa, mavuto amaso, kutopa kwambiri, nseru ndi kusanza, makamaka ngati chotupacho chikuyikira mbali zina za ubongo.

Zizindikiro za Macroadenoma

Ngati chotupa cha pituitary chimaposa 1 cm m'mimba mwake chimadziwika kuti ndi macroadenoma, pomwe chimatha kupitilira mbali zina zaubongo, monga mitsempha yamagetsi kapena chiasma, zimayambitsa zizindikilo monga:

• Strabismus, pomwe maso samasinthidwa bwino;
• Maso kapena masomphenya awiri;
• Kutsika kwakanthawi kowonera, ndikutaya masomphenya;
• Mutu;
• Ululu kapena kumva kusowa nkhope pamaso;
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka.

Pezani zina mwazizindikiro za chotupa muubongo: Zizindikiro za chotupa muubongo.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwa chotupa m'matumbo a pituitary kumapangidwa kutengera zizindikilo zomwe munthuyo amapereka komanso kudzera m'mayeso amwazi, komanso kuyesa kuyerekezera monga kujambula kwa maginito, ndipo nthawi zina, adotolo amatha kupempha kuti awoneke, koma nthawi zina chosowa kuti ndichite chomaliza ichi.

Ma adenomas ang'onoang'ono omwe samatulutsa mahomoni ochulukirapo ndipo amapezeka mwangozi, pochita MRI kapena kuwerengera tomography, sangafunike chithandizo chamankhwala, chomwe chimangoyenera kuyesa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena chaka chimodzi, kuti muwone ngati pakhala kukula , kukanikiza mbali zina zaubongo.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa chotupa pamatenda am'mimba zimachitika chifukwa cha chibadwa chomwe munthuyo ali nacho, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa DNA yake, ndipo chotupachi sichimapezeka kawirikawiri m'banja lomweli, ndipo si cholowa.

Palibe zomwe zimayambitsa zachilengedwe kapena zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndikukula kwa chotupachi, kaya ndichabwino kapena chowopsa, ndipo palibe chomwe munthuyo akanatha kuchita kuti akhale ndi chotupacho kapena ayi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwalawa amatha kuchiza chotupa cha pituitary, ayenera kutsogozedwa ndi neurosurgeon ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba ndikuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti achotse chotupacho kudzera pamphuno kapena kudula mu chigaza, chomwe chimapambana 80%. Pamene chotupacho ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndipo chikukhudza madera ena a ubongo, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chovulaza minofu yaubongo, yomwe ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri. Zovuta nthawi kapena pambuyo pochita opaleshoni, monga kutuluka magazi, matenda opatsirana kapena zochita ku anesthesia ndizosowa, koma zimatha kuchitika.

Komabe, ngati chotupacho m'matumbo a pituitary sichikulirakulira, mankhwala a radiotherapy kapena mankhwala a mahomoni, monga Parlodel kapena Sandostatin, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kapena kubweza kukula kwake. Chotupacho chikakhala chachikulu, adokotala atha kusankha kuyamba ndi mankhwala a radiotherapy kapena mankhwala ochepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho, kenako ndikuchotsa kudzera mu opaleshoni.

Kuwunika mlanduwo kumatha kuchitidwa ndi katswiri wa zamagulu kapena wa endocrinologist ndi mayeso omwe amayenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi kuti awone thanzi la munthuyo.