Nipah virus: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, kupewa komanso chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kupewa matenda a Nipah

Vuto la Nipah ndi kachilombo kamene kali m'banjaZamgululi ndipo imayambitsa matenda a Nipah, omwe amatha kupatsirana kudzera kukumana mwachindunji ndi madzi kapena ndowe za mileme kapena kachilombo ka HIV, kapena kudzera mwa munthu ndi mnzake.

Matendawa adadziwika koyamba mu 1999 ku Malaysia, komabe apezekanso m'maiko ena monga Singapore, India ndi Bangladesh, ndipo amatsogolera ku ziwonetsero ngati chimfine chomwe chitha kupita patsogolo mwachangu ndipo chimabweretsa mavuto akulu amitsempha omwe angayike moyo wa munthuyo komanso chiopsezo chake.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zina, kutenga kachilombo ka Nipah kumatha kukhala kopanda tanthauzo kapena kungayambitse zizindikilo zochepa zomwe zimafanana ndi chimfine zomwe zimatha kutha patatha masiku atatu kapena 14.

Pankhani ya matenda omwe zizindikiro zimawonekera, zimawoneka pakati pa masiku 10 mpaka 21 atagwidwa ndi kachilomboka, makamaka;

• Kupweteka kwa minofu;
• Encephalitis, komwe ndiko kutupa kwa ubongo;
• Kusokonezeka;
• Nseru;
• Malungo;
• Mutu;
• Kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito kwamaganizidwe, komwe kumatha kupita patsogolo kukomoka m'maola 24 mpaka 48.

Zizindikiro za matenda a kachirombo ka Nipah zimatha kupita patsogolo mwachangu, zimabweretsa zovuta zomwe zitha kuyika moyo wa munthu pachiwopsezo, monga kugwidwa, kusokonezeka kwa umunthu, kulephera kupuma kapena encephalitis yoopsa, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kutupa kwakanthawi kwamaubongo ndi kuvulala ndi kachilomboka. Dziwani zambiri za encephalitis.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Kudziwika kwa kachilombo ka kachirombo ka Nipah kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi kachipatala kapena wothandizira kuyambira pakuwunika koyamba kwa zizindikilo ndi zomwe munthuyo wapereka. Chifukwa chake, atha kuwonetsedwa kuti achite mayeso apadera kuti athetse kachilomboka ndi serology kuti atsimikizire matendawa, motero, ayambe chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuyesa kuyesa kuyerekezera kukula kwa matendawa, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizipanga ma computed tomography kapena computed tomography.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pakadali pano, palibe mankhwala enieni a kachilombo ka Nipah, komabe adotolo atha kuwonetsa njira zothandizirana malinga ndi kukula kwa matendawa, ndipo kupumula, kutulutsa madzi, makina opumira kapena chithandizo chazizindikiro zitha kuwonetsedwa.

Kafukufuku wina wa mu vitro akuchitidwa ndi antiviral ribavirin, chifukwa chake palibe umboni woti ungakhale ndi ntchito yolimbana ndi matendawa mwa anthu. Kafukufuku wokhala ndi ma antibodies monoclonal mu nyama akuchitidwanso, komabe palibe zotsatira zomveka. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe katemera woteteza matendawa, kotero kuti tipewe matendawa tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipewe madera omwe amadwala komanso kumwa nyama zomwe zingatenge matendawa.

Popeza ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, kotheka kukhala komweko, kachirombo ka Nipah kali pamndandanda wofunikira kwambiri ku World Health Organisation pozindikira mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi matendawa ndikupanga katemera wothandizira.

Kupewa matenda a Nipah

Popeza kulibe mankhwala olimbana ndi kachilombo ka Nipah ndi katemera yemwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yodzitetezera, ndikofunikira kuti njira zina zithandizidwe kuti muchepetse kutenga kachilombo komanso kufalitsa matendawa, monga:

• Pewani kukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zingatenge kachilomboka, makamaka mileme ndi nkhumba;
• Pewani kumwa nyama yomwe mwina ili ndi kachilomboka, makamaka ngati sinaphike bwino;
• Pewani kukhudzana ndi madzi ndi zimbudzi zochokera ku nyama ndi / kapena anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Nipah;
• Ukhondo wamanja mutakumana ndi nyama;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito maski ndi / kapena magolovesi mukamakumana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Nipah.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusamba m'manja ndi sopo ndikofunikira, chifukwa ndizotheka kulimbikitsa kuchotsera mankhwala opatsirana omwe angakhale ali m'manja, kuphatikiza kachilombo ka Nipah, motero, kupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa.

Onani vidiyo yotsatirayi momwe mungasambitsire manja anu moyenera kuti muteteze matenda opatsirana: