Kodi Acanthocytes Ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Za acanthocyte: Komwe amachokera ndi komwe amapezeka
• Acanthocyte vs. echinocytes
• Kodi matenda a acanthocytosis amapezeka bwanji?
• Zoyambitsa ndi zizindikiro za acanthocytosis
• Cholowa cha acanthocytosis
• Neuroacanthocytosis
• Abetalipoproteinemia
• Anapeza acanthocytosis
• Tengera kwina

Acanthocyte ndi maselo ofiira achilendo omwe ali ndi ma spikes a kutalika ndi mulifupi mosiyanasiyana pakhomalo. Dzinali limachokera ku mawu achi Greek akuti "acantha" (omwe amatanthauza "munga") ndi "kytos" (kutanthauza "khungu").

Maselo achilendowa amalumikizidwa ndi matenda obadwa nawo komanso omwe amapezeka. Koma achikulire ambiri ali ndi ochepa acanthocyte m'magazi awo.

M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana ma acanthocyte, momwe amasiyana ndi ma echinocyte, komanso zomwe zimayenderana nawo.

Za acanthocyte: Komwe amachokera ndi komwe amapezeka

Acanthocyte amaganiza kuti amachokera pakusintha kwa mapuloteni ndi lipids pamalo ofiira. Momwe zimakhalira komanso chifukwa chiyani ma spikes samamveka bwino.

Acanthocyte amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi izi:

• matenda aakulu a chiwindi
• matenda osowa a neural, monga chorea-acanthocytosis ndi McLeod syndrome
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
• hypothyroidism
• abetalipoproteinemia (matenda osowa omwe amapezeka chifukwa cholephera kuyamwa mafuta azakudya)
• pambuyo pochotsa nthenda (splenectomy)
• matenda a anorexia

Mankhwala ena, monga ma statins kapena misoprostol (Cytotec), amalumikizidwa ndi acanthocyte.

Acanthocyte amapezekanso mumkodzo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi glomerulonephritis, mtundu wa vuto la impso.

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, akuganiza kuti ma acanthocyte amatha kutsekedwa ndikuwonongeka m'mimba, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Nachi fanizo la maantantcycyte asanu pakati pama cell ofiira ofiira.

Zithunzi za Getty

Acanthocyte vs. echinocytes

Acanthocyte ndi ofanana ndi khungu lina lofiira lachilendo lotchedwa echinocyte. Ma Echinocyte amakhalanso ndi zokometsera pamaselo, ngakhale ndizocheperako, zopangidwa pafupipafupi, komanso zogawanikana kwambiri pamaselo.

Dzinalo echinocyte limachokera ku mawu achi Greek akuti "echinos" (omwe amatanthauza "urchin") ndi "kytos" (kutanthauza "khungu").

Ma Echinocyte, omwe amatchedwanso ma burr cell, amalumikizidwa ndi matenda am'mapeto, matenda a chiwindi, komanso kuchepa kwa enzyme pyruvate kinase.

Kodi matenda a acanthocytosis amapezeka bwanji?

Acanthocytosis amatanthauza kupezeka kwachilendo kwa maantantcycyte m'magazi. Maselo ofiira ofiirawa amatha kuwonedwa pagazi loyambira.

Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyika gawo la magazi anu papepala, kuwadetsa, ndikuyang'ana pansi pa microscope. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito magazi atsopano; Kupanda kutero, ma acanthocyte ndi echinocytes adzawoneka ofanana.

Kuti mupeze zovuta zilizonse zokhudzana ndi acanthocytosis, dokotala wanu atenga mbiri yonse yazachipatala ndikufunsani za zomwe mukudwala. Afunsanso momwe angakhalire olowa m'malo ndikuchita mayeso.

Kuphatikiza pa kupaka magazi, adokotala amalamula kuwerengetsa magazi kwathunthu ndi mayeso ena. Ngati akukayikira kuti neural imakhudzidwa, atha kuyitanitsa kuti MRI iwoneke.

Zoyambitsa ndi zizindikiro za acanthocytosis

Mitundu ina ya acanthocytosis ndi yotengera, pomwe ina imapezeka.

Cholowa cha acanthocytosis

Hereditary acanthocytosis imachokera ku kusintha kwa majini komwe kwatengera. Jini limatha kutengera kwa kholo limodzi kapena makolo onse awiri.

Nazi zina mwazikhalidwe zobadwa nazo:

Neuroacanthocytosis

Neuroacanthocytosis imanena za acanthocytosis yokhudzana ndi mavuto amitsempha. Izi ndizosowa kwambiri, ndikuyerekeza kuti pamakhala anthu amodzi kapena asanu pa anthu 1,000,000.

Izi ndizomwe zimayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono, kuphatikizapo:

• Chorea-acanthocytosis. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'ma 20s.
• Matenda a McLeod. Izi zitha kuwonekera zaka 25 mpaka 60.
• Matenda a Huntington ngati 2 (HDL2). Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mukamakula.
• Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN). Izi zimawoneka mwa ana ochepera zaka 10 ndipo zimapita patsogolo mwachangu.

Zizindikiro komanso kukula kwa matenda zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Mwambiri, zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• kusuntha kosazolowereka
• kuzindikira kuzindikira
• kugwidwa
• alireza

Anthu ena amathanso kukhala ndi matenda amisala.

Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira neuroacanthocytosis. Koma zizindikiro zimatha kuchiritsidwa. Mayeso azachipatala ndi mabungwe othandizira a neuroacanthocytosis amapezeka.

Abetalipoproteinemia

Abetalipoproteinemia, yemwenso amadziwika kuti Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, amachokera pakubadwa kwa mtundu womwewo kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri. Zimaphatikizapo kulephera kuyamwa mafuta azakudya, cholesterol, ndi mavitamini osungunuka ndi mafuta, monga vitamini E.

Abetalipoproteinemia nthawi zambiri imachitika akadali makanda, ndipo amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mavitamini ndi zina zowonjezera.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:

• kulephera kukula bwino ngati khanda
• mavuto amitsempha, monga kusakhazikika kwa minofu
• kukula pang'onopang'ono kwanzeru
• Mavuto am'magazi, monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi zimbudzi zonunkha
• mavuto amaso omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono

Anapeza acanthocytosis

Matenda ambiri amakhudzana ndi acanthocytosis. Makina omwe akukhudzidwa samamveka nthawi zonse. Nazi zina mwazimenezi:

• Matenda owopsa a chiwindi. Acanthocytosis imaganiziridwa kuti imabwera chifukwa cha kusalingana kwa cholesterol ndi phospholipid pamatumbo am'magazi. Itha kusinthidwa ndikuyika chiwindi.
• Kuchotsa nthenda. Splenectomy nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi acanthocytosis.
• Matenda a anorexia. Acanthocytosis imapezeka mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi anorexia. Ikhoza kusintha ndi mankhwala a anorexia.
• Matenda osokoneza bongo. Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism amakhala ndi acanthocytosis yochepa. Acanthocytosis imalumikizidwanso ndi hypothyroidism (myxedema) yotsogola kwambiri.
• Myelodysplasia. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi khansa yamtunduwu amakhala ndi acanthocytosis.
• Spherocytosis. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo amtunduwu amatha kudwala acanthocytosis.

Zina zomwe zitha kuphatikizira acanthocytosis ndi cystic fibrosis, matenda a celiac, komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Tengera kwina

Acanthocyte ndi maselo ofiira achilendo omwe amakhala ndi ma spikes osakhazikika pakhungu. Amalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zobadwa nazo zochepa komanso zinthu zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri.

Dokotala amatha kudziwa ngati ali ndi zodandaula komanso zotumphukira zamagazi. Mitundu ina ya acanthocytosis yobadwa nayo ikupita patsogolo ndipo singachiritsidwe. Acanthocytosis yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa ngati vutoli lathandizidwa.