Chakudya Cha Kosher: Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kodi Kosher Amatanthauza Chiyani?
• Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zina Ndizoletsedwa
• Zogulitsa Zinyama Zina zokha Ndizo Ziloledwa
• Nyama (Fleishig)
• Mkaka (Milchig)
• Nsomba ndi Mazira (Pareve)
• Malangizo a Zakudya Zakudya Zomera
• Tirigu ndi Mkate
• Zipatso ndi Masamba
• Mtedza, Mbewu, ndi Mafuta
• Vinyo
• Malamulo Osiyanasiyana Amachitika Paskha
• Kodi Certification Imagwira Bwanji?
• Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

"Kosher" ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza chakudya chomwe chimatsata malamulo okhwima a chikhalidwe chachiyuda.

Kwa Ayuda ambiri, kosher sichimangoteteza thanzi kapena chakudya. Ndizokhudza kulemekeza ndikutsatira miyambo yachipembedzo.

Izi zati, sianthu onse achiyuda omwe amatsatira malangizo okhwima. Anthu ena angasankhe kutsatira malamulo ena ake - kapena osatsata konse.

Nkhaniyi ikufufuza tanthauzo la kosher, ikufotokoza malangizo ake akulu azakudya, ndikupatsanso zofunikira zomwe zakudya ziyenera kukwaniritsa kuti ziwoneke ngati zosavomerezeka.

Kodi Kosher Amatanthauza Chiyani?

Mawu achingerezi akuti "kosher" amachokera ku mizu yachihebri "kashér," kutanthauza kukhala woyera, woyenera, kapena woyenera kumwa ().

Malamulo omwe amapereka maziko azakudya zosavomerezeka amatchedwa kashrut ndipo amapezeka mu Torah, buku lachiyuda la zolemba zopatulika. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito malamulowa amaperekedwa kudzera pachikhalidwe cha pakamwa (2).

Malamulo azakudya zodula ndizokwanira ndipo amapereka malamulo okhwima omwe samangotchulira zakudya zomwe zimaloledwa kapena zoletsedwa komanso amalamula momwe zakudya zovomerezeka ziyenera kupangidwira, kusinthidwa, ndikukonzekera musanadye (2).

"Kosher" ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zakudya zomwe zimatsata malangizo azakudya okhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo achiyuda. Malamulowa amatsimikizira kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe ziyenera kudyedwa komanso momwe ziyenera kupangidwira, kusinthidwa, ndikukonzekera.

Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zina Ndizoletsedwa

Zina mwazakudya zazikuluzikulu zosavomerezeka zimaletsa zakudya zingapo - makamaka nyama ndi mkaka.

Pali magawo atatu azakudya zazikuluzikulu:

• Nyama (fleishig): Zinyama kapena mbalame, komanso zinthu zochokera kwa iwo, kuphatikiza mafupa kapena msuzi.
• Mkaka (milchig): Mkaka, tchizi, batala, ndi yogurt.
• Pareve: Chakudya chilichonse chomwe si nyama kapena mkaka, kuphatikiza nsomba, mazira, ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu.

Malinga ndi miyambo ya kosher, chakudya chilichonse chomwe chimagawidwa ngati nyama sichingadyedwe kapena kudyedwa nthawi yomweyo monga mkaka.

Kuphatikiza apo, ziwiya zonse ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndi kuyeretsa nyama ndi mkaka ziyenera kupatutsidwa - mpaka pansi pamasinki omwe amatsukidwa.

Mukatha kudya nyama, muyenera kudikirira nthawiyo musanadye mkaka. Kutalika kwakanthawi kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi miyambo yachiyuda koma nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa ola limodzi mpaka sikisi.

Zakudya zopatsa pang'ono zimawoneka ngati zopanda ndale ndipo zitha kudyedwa limodzi ndi nyama kapena mkaka. Komabe, ngati chakudya chophika chaphikidwa kapena kusinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nyama kapena mkaka, zitha kuwerengedwanso ngati nyama, mkaka, kapena kosher.

Malangizo a kosher amaletsa kuyika nyama iliyonse ndi mkaka. Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti ziwiya zonse ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nyama ndi mkaka ziyenera kukhala zosiyana nthawi zonse.

Zogulitsa Zinyama Zina zokha Ndizo Ziloledwa

Gawo lalikulu la malamulo a kosher amalankhula za zakudya zopangidwa ndi nyama komanso momwe amaphera ndikukonzekera.

Mkaka umasankhidwa ngati gulu limodzi ndipo sayenera kudyedwa kapena kupangidwa limodzi ndi nyama kapena nyama.

Nsomba ndi mazira amawerengedwa kuti ndizopepuka ndipo ali ndi malamulo awo nawonso.

Nyama (Fleishig)

Mawu oti "nyama" potanthauzira kosher nthawi zambiri amatanthauza nyama yodyedwa kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya zinyama ndi mbalame, komanso chilichonse chomwe chimachokera kwa iwo, monga msuzi, nsuzi, kapena mafupa.

Lamulo lachiyuda limanena kuti nyama kuti ioneke yopanda tanthauzo, iyenera kukwaniritsa izi:

• Iyenera kuchokera kuzinyama zowala zokhala ndi ziboda zogawanika - kapena zogawanika, monga ng'ombe, nkhosa, mbuzi, ana ankhosa, ng'ombe, ndi nswala.
• Kudulidwa kokhako kovomerezeka kwa nyama kumachokera kutsogolo kwa nyama zowola kosher.
• Mbalame zina zoweta zitha kudyedwa, monga nkhuku, atsekwe, zinziri, nkhunda, ndi Turkey.
• Nyamayo iyenera kuphedwa ndi chikopa - munthu wophunzitsidwa ndi wotsimikizika kupha nyama malinga ndi malamulo achiyuda.
• Nyamayo iyenera kuthiridwa kuti ichotse magazi aliwonse asanaphike.
• Zida zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha kapena kukonza nyama ziyenera kukhala zosafunikira ndipo zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama ndi nyama zokha.

Mitundu yotsatirayi ya nyama ndi nyama samawonedwa ngati kosher:

• Nyama ya nkhumba, akalulu, agologolo, ngamila, kangaroo, kapena akavalo
• Zolusa kapena mbalame zolusa, monga ziwombankhanga, kadzidzi, nkhono, ndi mphamba
• Kucheka kwa ng'ombe komwe kumachokera kumbuyo kwa nyama, monga pambali, kufupika, sirloin, kuzungulira, ndi shank

Mkaka (Milchig)

Zakudya za mkaka - monga mkaka, tchizi, batala, ndi yogurt - ndizololedwa, ngakhale ziyenera kutsatira malamulo ena kuti ziwoneke ngati zosavomerezeka:

• Iwo ayenera kubwera kuchokera ku nyama yosakondera.
• Sayenera kusakanizidwa ndi zotengera zilizonse zopangira nyama, monga gelatin kapena rennet (enzyme yochokera ku nyama), yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitika ndi tchizi cholimba ndi zina zotulutsa tchizi.
• Ayeneranso kukhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya za kosher ndi zida zomwe sizinagwiritsidwepo ntchito pokonza chilichonse chopangira nyama.

Nsomba ndi Mazira (Pareve)

Ngakhale aliyense ali ndi malamulo awoawo, nsomba ndi mazira onse amadziwika kuti ndi pareve, kapena osalowerera ndale, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulibe mkaka kapena nyama.

Nsomba zimangotengedwa ngati kosher ngati zimachokera ku nyama yomwe ili ndi zipsepse ndi mamba, monga tuna, salimoni, halibut, kapena mackerel.

Zamoyo zokhala m'madzi zomwe zilibe zinthu zakuthupi ndizoletsedwa, monga nkhanu, nkhanu, nkhono, nkhanu, ndi mitundu ina ya nkhono.

Mosiyana ndi nyama ya kosher, nsomba sizifunikira ziwiya zosiyana kuti zikonzeke ndipo zitha kudyedwa limodzi ndi nyama kapena mkaka.

Mazira omwe amachokera ku mbalame za kosher kapena nsomba amaloledwa bola ngati alibe magazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dzira lililonse liyenera kuyang'aniridwa payekhapayekha.

Monga nsomba, mazira amatha kudyedwa limodzi ndi nyama kapena mkaka.

Malangizo a kosher amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopangidwa ndi nyama kuzinyama zina ndi nyama zomwe zimaphedwa ndikukonzekera mwanjira inayake.

Malangizo a Zakudya Zakudya Zomera

Monga nsomba ndi mazira, zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu zimaonedwa ngati zosavomerezeka, kapena zosalowerera ndale, kutanthauza kuti zilibe nyama kapena mkaka ndipo zitha kudyedwa ndi limodzi la magulu azakudya.

Ngakhale ndizocheperako kuposa nyama ndi mkaka, zakudyazi zilinso ndi malangizo awo osakondera - makamaka momwe amapangidwira.

Tirigu ndi Mkate

Mbewu zawo ndi zakudya zopangidwa ndi tirigu zimawoneka ngati kosher. Komabe, njira zina zakapangidwe pamapeto pake zitha kuwawona kuti sizabwino.

Mbewu zosanjidwa ngati buledi sizingakhale zopukutira chifukwa cha zida zomwe zimakonzedwa kapena zosakaniza zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kawirikawiri mikate ina imakhala ndi mafuta kapena kufupikitsa. Ngati kufupikitsa kwa nyama kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mkatewo sungaoneke ngati wosakaniza.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati ziwaya zophika kapena zida zina zidzozedwa ndi mafuta opangidwa ndi nyama kapena ngati amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika mbale yanyama kapena ya mkaka, chomaliziracho sichikhala kosalala.

Chifukwa njira zamakonzedwezi sizimafotokozeredwa pamtundu woyenera wazakudya kapena zophatikizira, buledi ndi zopangidwa ndi tirigu ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kukhala zosavomerezeka kuti zitsimikizire kuti chakudyacho chikutsatira malangizo onse oyenera.

Zipatso ndi Masamba

Zofanana ndi mbewu, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizosavomerezeka mosapangika.

Komabe, chifukwa tizilombo siosakaniza, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ngati kuli tizilombo kapena mphutsi musanagulitse kapena kumwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosagwiritsa ntchito kosher, monga chilichonse chomwe chimapanga mkaka ndi nyama, sizosakaniza.

Mtedza, Mbewu, ndi Mafuta

Nthawi zambiri, mtedza, mbewu, ndi mafuta omwe amachokera kwa iwo amakhala osakaniza.

Komabe, kukonza kovuta kwa zakudyazi nthawi zambiri kumawapangitsa kukhala osakondera chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza nyama ndi / kapena mkaka.

Mafuta ambiri a masamba ndi mbewu amadutsa munjira zingapo zovuta asanaoneke ngati zodyedwa. Iliyonse ya njirazi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti zitsimikizire kutsatira malangizo a kosher ().

Chifukwa chake, kuti mutsimikizire kwathunthu kuti mafuta omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito ndi osakanikirana, ndibwino kuti muwone chizindikiritsocho.

Vinyo

Monga zakudya, vinyo amayenera kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosakaniza ndi zosakaniza kuti ziwoneke ngati kosher. Izi zikuphatikiza zida zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokolola ndikukonzekera mphesa kuti zipse.

Komabe, chifukwa vinyo ndi wofunikira pamisonkhano yambiri yachiyuda, amakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima.

M'malo mwake, ntchito yonse yopanga vinyo wosakaniza iyenera kuchitidwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi Ayuda omwe amachita. Kupanda kutero, vinyo sangaoneke kuti ndi wosakaniza.

Zakudya zambiri zopangidwa kuchokera kuzomera zimawonedwa ngati kosher. Komabe, atha kutaya mwayiwu ngati atakonzedwa kapena kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosagwiritsa ntchito kosher.

Malamulo Osiyanasiyana Amachitika Paskha

Zakudya zowonjezera zosavomerezeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tchuthi chachipembedzo cha Paskha.

Ngakhale pamakhala kusiyanasiyana pakutsata malangizo azakudya za Paskha, zonse zopangidwa ndi zofufumitsa sizimaletsedwa.

Zakudya izi pamodzi zimatchedwa "chametz" ndipo zimaphatikizapo mbewu zotsatirazi:

• Tirigu
• Oats
• Rye
• Balere
• Zalembedwa

Izi zati, zina mwa njerezi zitha kuloledwa bola ngati sizinakumane ndi chinyezi chilichonse kupitilira mphindi 18 ndipo mulibe chotupitsa chowonjezera, monga yisiti.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake matzo, mtundu wa buledi wopanda chotupitsa, satengedwa ngati chametz - ngakhale mwamwambo amapangidwa ndi tirigu.

Pa nthawi ya Pasika, zipatso zonse za chofufumitsa ndizoletsedwa. Komabe, buledi wopanda chotupitsa, monga matzo, amaloledwa.

Kodi Certification Imagwira Bwanji?

Chifukwa cha zovuta zamakono zopanga zakudya, kuonetsetsa kuti zakudya zomwe mukudya ndizosavuta kungakhale kovuta kwambiri.

Ndicho chifukwa chake machitidwe alipo pofuna kutsimikizira zakudya zina.

Chakudya chotsimikizika cha kosher chimakhala ndi cholembedwa pamaphuku awo omwe akusonyeza kuti akwaniritsa zofunikira zonse.

Pali zolemba zambiri zosiyanasiyana za kosher, zambiri zomwe zimachokera ku mabungwe osiyanasiyana otsimikizira. Ngati chakudya chatsimikiziridwa kuti chikhale Pasaka, izi ziziwonetsedwa pamndandanda wina. Zolembazo zitha kuwonetsanso ngati chakudya ndi cha mkaka, nyama, kapena chindapusa.

Ngati mukuyesetsa kutsatira malangizo azakudya za kosher, ndibwino kuti musankhe zakudya zokhazokha ndi zilembozi kuti mupewe kudya mwangozi china chosafunikira.

Ngati musunga kosher, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana zilembo zoyenera mukamagula. Zakudya zamafuta nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chiphaso chotsimikizira kuti akwaniritsa zofunikira zonse.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

"Kosher" amatanthauza dongosolo lachiyuda lokonzekera, kukonza, ndi kudya.

Ngakhale pamakhala kusiyanasiyana, malangizo ambiri amaletsa kuphatikiza nyama ndi mkaka ndipo amangololeza kuti nyama zina zizidyedwa.

Zakudya zomwe sizimawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama kapena mkaka ndizovomerezeka, bola ngati zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi machitidwe a kosher.

Malamulo ena atha kukhazikitsidwa nthawi ya tchuthi chachipembedzo.

Chifukwa cha zovuta zakapangidwe kazakudya zamakono, zimatha kukhala zovuta kudziwa ngati zakudya zambiri zopangidwa ndizosakaniza. Pofuna kupewa zolakwika zilizonse, nthawi zonse muziyang'ana zilembo za kosher.