Kuchotsedwa

Kusiyanitsa ndikulekanitsa mafupa awiri pomwe amakumana polumikizana. Kuphatikizana ndi malo omwe mafupa awiri amalumikizana, omwe amalola kuyenda.

Chiwalo chololedwa ndicholumikizana pomwe mafupa salinso m'malo ake abwinobwino.

Kungakhale kovuta kuuza gawo lomwe lachoka pakuthyoka fupa. Zonsezi ndizadzidzidzi zomwe zimafunikira chithandizo choyamba.

Ma dislocations ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala. Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala oti agonetse komanso kuti dzanzi ligwere. Nthawi zina, mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi omwe amakugonetsa mokwanira amafunika.

Mukachiritsidwa msanga, kusokonezeka kwambiri sikumayambitsa kuvulala kosatha.

Muyenera kuyembekezera kuti:

• Kuvulala kwamatenda oyandikana nawo nthawi zambiri kumatenga milungu 6 mpaka 12 kuti ichiritse. Nthawi zina, opareshoni yokonzanso minyewa yomwe imalira pamene cholumikizira chatulutsidwa chimafunika.
• Kuvulala kwamitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zazitali kapena zosatha.

Ophatikizira atachotsedwa, zimatha kuchitika kachiwiri. Mukalandira chithandizo mchipinda chodzidzimutsa, muyenera kutsatira dokotala wa mafupa (fupa komanso ophatikizana).

Zosokoneza nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi kulumikizana mwadzidzidzi. Izi zimachitika pambuyo povulala, kugwa, kapena zoopsa zina.

Mgwirizano wosweka ukhoza kukhala:

• Limodzi limodzi ndi dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa molumikizira kapena kupitirira apo
• Zowawa kwambiri, makamaka mukayesa kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira kapena kuyika kulemera kwake
• Ochepera kuyenda
• Kutupa kapena kufinya
• Zikuwoneka zosayenera, zopaka utoto, kapena zosawoneka bwino

Chigoba cha Namwino, kapena kukoka chigongono, ndikutuluka pang'ono komwe kumakhala kofala kwa ana ang'onoang'ono. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikumva kupweteka kotero kuti mwanayo safuna kugwiritsa ntchito mkono. Kuchotsedwa kumeneku kumatha kuchiritsidwa mosavuta kuofesi ya adotolo.

Njira zoyamba zofunika kutenga:

1. Imbani 911 kapena nambala yachangu yakomweko musanayambe kulandira chithandizo kwa munthu amene angasokonezeke, makamaka ngati ngozi yomwe idapangitsa kuvulalayo itha kukhala yoopsa.
2. Ngati munthuyo wavulala kwambiri, onani momwe akupumira, kupuma, komanso kufalikira kwake. Ngati ndi kotheka, yambani CPR, kapena kuwongolera magazi.
3. Osamusuntha munthuyo ngati mukuganiza kuti mutu, msana, kapena mwendo wavulala. Khalani wodekha komanso wodekha.
4. Ngati khungu lasweka, chitanipo kanthu kuti mupewe matenda. Osapumira pachilonda. Muzimutsuka m'deralo mofatsa ndi madzi oyera kuti muchotse dothi lililonse lomwe mungawone, koma osakanda kapena kufufuza. Phimbani malowa ndi mavalidwe osabala musanawonongeke olowa. Musayese kuyika fupa m'malo mwake pokhapokha mutakhala katswiri wa mafupa.
5. Ikani ziboda kapena gulaye palimodzi povulala momwe mwapezamo. Osasuntha cholumikizira. Komanso sinthanitsani malo omwe ali pamwamba ndi pansi povulala.
6. Onetsetsani kuti magazi akuyenda mozungulira chovulalacho mwa kukanikiza pakhungu m'deralo. Iyenera kukhala yoyera, kenako kupezanso utoto mkati mwa masekondi angapo mutasiya kuyikakamiza. Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda, musachite izi ngati khungu lasweka.
7. Ikani mapaketi oundana kuti muchepetse ululu ndi kutupa, koma osayika ayezi pakhungu. Mangani ayezi mu nsalu yoyera.
8. Chitani zinthu zotetezera mantha. Pokhapokha ngati pali mutu, mwendo, kapena kuvulala msana, gonekani wovulalayo, ndikwezani mapazi ake pafupifupi masentimita 30, ndikuphimba munthuyo ndi malaya kapena bulangeti.

• Osamusuntha munthuyo pokhapokha ngati wavulala kwathunthu.
• Osasuntha munthu wokhala ndi chiuno chovulala, mafupa a chiuno, kapena mwendo wapamwamba pokhapokha zikafunika. Ngati ndinu nokha opulumutsa ndipo munthuyo ayenera kusunthidwa, akokereni ndi zovala zawo.
• Osayesa kuwongola fupa kapena cholumikizira cholakwika kapena kuyesa kusintha malo ake.
• Osayesa fupa kapena cholumikizira cholakwika kuti muchepetse kugwira ntchito.
• Osamupatsa munthu chilichonse pakamwa.

Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati munthuyo ali ndi izi:

• Fupa likuwonekera pakhungu
• Kudziwika kapena kukayikiridwa kapena kusweka fupa
• Malo apansi pamalumikizidwe ovulala omwe ndi otumbululuka, ozizira, osalala, kapena amtambo
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Zizindikiro za matenda, monga kutentha kapena kufiira pamalo ovulala, mafinya, kapena malungo

Kuthandiza kupewa kuvulala kwa ana:

• Pangani malo otetezeka kuzungulira kwanu.
• Thandizani kupewa kugwa poyika zitseko pamakwerero ndikukhala ndi mawindo otsekedwa komanso otsekedwa.
• Yang'anirani ana nthawi zonse. Palibe choloweza mmalo mwa kuyang'anitsitsa, ngakhale chilengedwe kapena momwe zinthu zikuwonekera zili zotetezeka.
• Phunzitsani ana momwe angakhalire otetezeka ndikudziyang'anira pawokha.

Kuthandiza kupewa kusokonezeka kwa akuluakulu:

• Kuti mupewe kugwa, musayime pamipando, patebulo, kapena zinthu zina zosakhazikika.
• Chotsani zoponya, makamaka mozungulira achikulire.
• Valani zida zodzitetezera mukamachita nawo masewera olumikizana nawo.

Kwa mibadwo yonse:

• Khalani ndi zida zothandizira.
• Chotsani zingwe zamagetsi pansi.
• Gwiritsani ntchito ma handrails pamakwerero.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mphasa zosavala pansi pa mabafa ndipo musagwiritse ntchito mafuta osamba.

Kusokonezeka pamodzi

• Kuvulala kwamutu mwamphamvu
• Kuthamangitsidwa m'chiuno
• Mgwirizano wamapewa

Klimke A, Furin M, Overberger R. Prehospital kulephera. Mu: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, olemba., Eds. Ndondomeko Zachipatala za Roberts ndi Hedges mu Emergency Medicine ndi Acute Care. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 46.

Mascioli AA. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Opaleshoni ya Campbell. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 60.

Naples RM, Ufberg JW. Kuwongolera zosokoneza wamba. Mu: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, olemba., Eds. Ndondomeko Zachipatala za Roberts ndi Hedges mu Emergency Medicine ndi Acute Care. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 49.