Frostbite

Frostbite imawononga khungu komanso matendawo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuzizira kwambiri. Frostbite ndivulala kozizira kwambiri.

Frostbite imachitika khungu ndi minyewa ya thupi imawonekera kuzizira kwanthawi yayitali.

Mutha kukhala ndi chisanu ngati:

• Imwani mankhwala otchedwa beta-blockers
• Khalani ndi magazi osafunikira kumapazi (zotumphukira zam'mimba)
• Utsi
• Khalani ndi matenda ashuga
• Khalani ndi chodabwitsa cha Raynaud

Zizindikiro za chisanu zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Zikhomo ndi singano kumva, ndikutsatira kufooka
• Khungu lolimba, lotumbululuka, komanso lozizira lomwe lakhala kukuzizira kwanthawi yayitali
• Kupweteka, kupweteka kapena kusowa kwa chidwi m'deralo
• Khungu ndi minofu yofiyira komanso yopweteka kwambiri pomwe dera limasungunuka

Kuzizira kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa:

• Matuza
• Chiwombankhanga (chakuda, minofu yakufa)
• Kuwonongeka kwa tendon, minofu, misempha, ndi fupa

Frostbite imatha kukhudza gawo lililonse la thupi. Manja, mapazi, mphuno, ndi makutu ndi malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri pamavuto.

• Ngati chisanu sichinakhudze mitsempha yanu, kuchira kwathunthu ndikotheka.
• Ngati chisanu chimakhudza mitsempha, kuwonongeka kumakhala kosatha. Chigawenga chikhoza kuchitika. Izi zitha kufuna kuchotsedwa kwa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa (kudula).

Munthu wokhala ndi chisanu m'manja kapena m'miyendo amathanso kukhala ndi hypothermia (kutsika kutentha kwa thupi). Chongani hypothermia ndikuyamba kuchiza matendawa.

Chitani izi ngati mukuganiza kuti wina akhoza kukhala ndi chisanu:

1. Mubiseni munthu kumazizira ndi kupita naye kumalo otentha. Chotsani zodzikongoletsera zolimba ndi zovala zonyowa. Fufuzani zizindikiro za hypothermia (kutsika kwa kutentha kwa thupi) ndikuchiza matendawa poyamba.
2. Ngati mungalandire chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, ndibwino kukulunga madera omwe awonongeka ndi mavalidwe osabala. Kumbukirani kulekanitsa zala zakumapazi zomwe zakhudzidwa. Yendetsani munthuyo ku dipatimenti yadzidzidzi kuti akalandire thandizo lina.
3. Ngati thandizo lachipatala silili pafupi, mutha kupatsa munthuyo chithandizo choyamba. Lembani malo omwe akhudzidwa ndi madzi ofunda (osatentha konse) - kwa mphindi 20 mpaka 30. Kwa makutu, mphuno, ndi masaya, pezani nsalu yofunda mobwerezabwereza. Kutentha kwamadzi kovomerezeka ndi 104 ° F mpaka 108 ° F (40 ° C mpaka 42.2 ° C). Pitilizani kuzungulira madzi kuti muthandizire kutentha.Kupweteka kwakukulu, kutupa, ndi kusintha kwa mitundu kumatha kutenthedwa. Kutentha kumatha pakakhala khungu lofewa ndikumverera kubwerera.
4. Ikani mavalidwe owuma, osabala kumadera ozizira. Ikani mavalidwe pakati pa zala kapena zala zakumapazi kuti zizilekanitsa.
5. Sungani malo osungunuka pang'ono momwe mungathere.
6. Kubwezeretsanso mathedwe osungunuka kumatha kuwononga kwambiri. Pewani kuyambiranso kutentha ndikukulunga madera omwe asungunuka ndikumutenthetsa. Ngati chitetezo chobwezeretsanso kutentha sichingatsimikizidwe, kungakhale bwino kuchedwetsa njira yoyambiriramo mpaka malo ofunda, otetezeka atafika.
7. Ngati chisanu chimakhala choopsa, mupatseni zakumwa zotentha m'malo mwa madzi omwe atayika.

Pakakhala chisanu, OSATI:

• Chotsani malo ozizira ngati sangasungunuke. Kutsekemera kumatha kuwononga minofu kwambiri.
• Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwachangu (monga rediyeta, moto wamoto, malo otenthetsera, kapena choumitsira tsitsi) kuti muchepetse malo ozizira. Kutentha kwachindunji kumatha kuwotcha minofu yomwe yawonongeka kale.
• Pakani kapena thilizani malo omwe akhudzidwa.
• Kusokoneza zotupa pakhungu lotentha.
• Suta kapena kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa mukamachira chifukwa zonse zimatha kusokoneza kuyenda kwa magazi.

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati:

• Munali ndi chisanu choopsa
• Kumva bwino ndi mtundu sizibwerera mwachangu chithandizo chanyumba chakuzizira pang'ono
• Frostbite yachitika posachedwa ndipo zizindikiro zatsopano zimayamba, monga malungo, kusamva bwino, khungu, kapena kukoka kuchokera mthupi lomwe lakhudzidwa

Dziwani zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chisanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Zovala zamadzi
• Mphepo yamkuntho
• Kusayenda bwino kwa magazi. Kuyenda moipa kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zovala zolimba kapena nsapato, malo opanikizika, kutopa, mankhwala ena, kusuta, kumwa mowa, kapena matenda omwe amakhudza mitsempha yamagazi, monga matenda ashuga.

Valani zovala zomwe zimakutetezani kuzizira. Tetezani malo owonekera. Nthawi yozizira, valani ma mittens (osati magolovesi); zovala zosavundikira mphepo, zosagwira madzi, zovala; Mapawiri awiri a masokosi; ndi chipewa kapena mpango womwe umaphimba makutu (kupewa kutentha kwakatundu kudzera m'mutu).

Ngati mukuyembekeza kuti muzizilala kwa nthawi yayitali, musamwe mowa kapena kusuta. Onetsetsani kuti mwapeza chakudya chokwanira ndi kupumula.

Mukagwidwa ndi mvula yamkuntho yamkuntho, pezani pogona msanga kapena yonjezerani zolimbitsa thupi kuti mukhalebe wofunda.

Kutentha kozizira - mikono kapena miyendo

• Chida choyamba chothandizira
• Frostbite - manja
• Frostbite

Omasuka L, Handford C, Imray CHE. Frostbite. Mu: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Mankhwala A m'chipululu cha Auerbach. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 9.

Sawka MN, O'Connor FG. (Adasankhidwa) Kusokonezeka chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuzizira. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 101.

Zafren K, Danzl DF. Ngozi ya hypothermia. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 132.

Zafren K, Danzl DF. Frostbite ndi kuvulala kozizira kozizira. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 131.