Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) ndikumangirira kapena kukulitsa mapapu popanda chifukwa chodziwika.

Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa IPF kapena chifukwa chomwe anthu ena amapangira. Idiopathic amatanthauza kuti chifukwa sichikudziwika. Vutoli limatha kukhala chifukwa cha mapapo kuyankha chinthu chosadziwika kapena kuvulala. Chibadwa chimatha kutengapo gawo pakupanga IPF. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 60 ndi 70. IPF imakonda kwambiri amuna kuposa akazi.

Mukakhala ndi IPF, mapapu anu amakhala ndi zipsera ndi kuuma. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mupume. Kwa anthu ambiri, IPF imakula movutikira pakapita miyezi kapena zaka zingapo. Kwa ena, IPF imakula nthawi yayitali.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa (nthawi zina)
• Chifuwa (nthawi zambiri chouma)
• Simungakhale okangalika ngati kale
• Kupuma pang'ono panthawi yochita (chizindikirochi chimatha miyezi kapena zaka, ndipo pakapita nthawi chitha kuchitika mukapuma)
• Kumva kukomoka
• Pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuonda

Wothandizira adzayesa thupi ndikufunsani za mbiri yanu yachipatala. Mudzafunsidwa ngati mwapezeka ndi asibesitosi kapena poizoni wina komanso ngati mwakhala mukusuta.

Kuyezetsa thupi kumatha kupeza kuti muli ndi:

• Mpweya wosazolowereka umamveka ngati ma crackles
• Khungu labuluu (cyanosis) mozungulira pakamwa kapena zikhadabo chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa (wokhala ndi matenda apamwamba)
• Kukulitsa ndi kukhazikika kwa zikhadazo, zotchedwa clubbing (ndi matenda apamwamba)

Mayeso omwe amathandizira kudziwa IPF ndi awa:

• Bronchoscopy
• Kutsegula kwambiri pachifuwa CT scan (HRCT)
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Zojambulajambula
• Kuyeza kwa mpweya wamagazi (magazi am'magazi ochepa)
• Mayeso a ntchito yamapapo
• Kuyesa kwa mphindi 6
• Kuyesa kwa matenda amthupi okha monga nyamakazi, lupus, kapena scleroderma
• Tsegulani mapapu (opaleshoni) biopsy yamapapu

Palibe mankhwala odziwika a IPF.

Chithandizochi chimathandiza kuthetsa zizindikiro komanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda:

• Pirfenidone (Esbriet) ndi nintedanib (Ofev) ndi mankhwala awiri omwe amachiza IPF. Amatha kuthandiza kuwonongeka kwamapapu pang'onopang'ono.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi magazi ochepa amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi oxygen kunyumba.
• Kukonzanso mapapo sikungachiritse matendawa, koma kumatha kuthandiza anthu kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi movutikira kupuma movutikira.

Kusintha kwakunyumba ndi moyo kumatha kuthandizira kuthana ndi zizindikilo zakupuma. Ngati inu kapena abale anu mumasuta, ino ndiyo nthawi yoti musiye.

Kuika m'mapapo kumaganiziridwa kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi IPF.

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Zambiri ndi chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPF ndi mabanja awo amapezeka ku:

• Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation - www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org/life-with-pf/support-groups
• American Lung Association - www.lung.org/support-and-community/

IPF itha kusintha kapena kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali popanda chithandizo. Anthu ambiri amafika poipa kwambiri, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala.

Zizindikiro za kupuma zikayamba kukhala zovuta kwambiri, inu ndi omwe akukuthandizani muyenera kukambirana za chithandizo chomwe chimatalikitsa moyo, monga kumuika m'mapapo. Komanso kambiranani za kukonzekera chisamaliro.

Zovuta za IPF zitha kuphatikiza:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira modabwitsa chifukwa cha magazi ochepa
• Mapapu atagwa
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya m'mapapo
• Kulephera kupuma
• Cor pulmonale (kumanja kwamphamvu mtima kulephera)
• Imfa

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi izi:

• Kupuma komwe kumavuta, kuthamanga, kapena kuzama (simutha kupuma kwambiri)
• Kudalira patsogolo mukakhala kuti mupume bwino
• Mutu pafupipafupi
• Kugona kapena kusokonezeka
• Malungo
• Mamina akuda mukatsokomola
• Zala zamtambo kapena khungu kuzungulira zikhomo zanu

Idiopathic imafalitsa ma pulmonary fibrosis; IPF; M'mapapo mwanga fibrosis; Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis; CFA; Fibrosing alveolitis; Zachizolowezi interstitial pneumonitis; UIP

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya kunyumba

• Spirometry
• Kalabu
• Dongosolo kupuma

Webusaiti ya National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis. Idapezeka pa Januware 13, 2020.

Raghu G, Martinez FJ. Matenda am'mapapo amkati. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 86.

Raghu G, Rochwerg B, Zhang Y, ndi al. Ndondomeko ya ATS / ERS / JRS / ALAT yothandizira odwala: chithandizo cha idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Zosintha zaupangiri wazachipatala wa 2011. Ndine J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015; 192 (2): e3-e19. PMID: 26177183 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26177183/. (Adasankhidwa)

Ryu JH, Selman M, Colby TV, King TE. Chibayo cha Idiopathic chibayo. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 63.

Silhan LL, Danoff SK. Chithandizo cha Nonpharmacologic cha idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Mu: Collard HR, Richeldi L, eds. Matenda Opopa Pakati. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 5.