Chibayo cha virus

Chibayo chimatupa kapena kutupa minofu yam'mapapo chifukwa chotenga kachilomboka.

Chibayo cha virus chimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo.

Chibayo cha chiberekero chimachitika mwa ana ang'onoang'ono komanso achikulire. Izi ndichifukwa choti matupi awo ali ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kuthana ndi kachilomboka kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi.

Chibayo cha virus nthawi zambiri chimayambitsidwa ndi amodzi mwa ma virus angapo:

• Kupuma kwa syncytial virus (RSV)
• Vuto la chimfine
• Parainfluenza kachilombo
• Adenovirus (yocheperako)
• Chikuku kachilombo
• Ma Coronaviruses monga SARS-CoV-2, omwe amayambitsa chibayo cha COVID-19

Chibayo chachikulu cha chibayo chimatha kuchitika kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, monga:

• Ana omwe amabadwa mofulumira kwambiri.
• Ana omwe ali ndi mavuto amtima ndi mapapo.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV / AIDS.
• Anthu omwe amalandira chemotherapy ya khansa, kapena mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi.
• Anthu omwe adasinthidwa thupi.
• Mavairasi ena monga chimfine ndi SARS-CoV2 atha kubweretsa chibayo chachikulu kwa odwala ocheperako komanso athanzi.

Zizindikiro za chibayo cha virus nthawi zambiri zimayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo mwina sizingakhale zoyipa poyamba.

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za chibayo ndi izi:

• Kukhosomola (ndi chibayo chimatha kutsokomola ntchofu, kapena ntchofu zamagazi)
• Malungo
• Kugwedeza kuzizira
• Kupuma pang'ono (kumatha kuchitika mukamayesetsa)

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• Chisokonezo, nthawi zambiri mwa okalamba
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri komanso khungu lolira
• Mutu
• Kutaya njala, mphamvu zochepa, ndi kutopa
• Kupweteka kapena kubaya pachifuwa komwe kumakulirakulira mukamapuma kwambiri kapena kutsokomola
• Kutopa

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikiro.

Ngati wopezayo akuganiza kuti muli ndi chibayo, mudzakhalanso ndi x-ray pachifuwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuyezetsa thupi sikungathe kudziwa chibayo kuchokera ku matenda ena opuma.

Kutengera kukula kwa zizindikilo zanu, mayeso ena atha kuchitidwa, kuphatikiza:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Kujambula kwa CT pachifuwa
• Chikhalidwe cha magazi kuti chifufuze ma virus m'magazi (kapena mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse matenda ena)
• Bronchoscopy (yosafunika kwenikweni)
• Khosi ndi mphuno zimayesa kuyesa ma virus monga chimfine
• Tsegulani mapapu am'mapapo (amangochitika m'matenda akulu kwambiri pomwe matenda sangathe kupezedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zina)
• Chikhalidwe cha Sputum (kuthana ndi zifukwa zina)
• Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa oxygen ndi kaboni dayokisaidi m'magazi

Maantibayotiki samachiza matenda am'mapapowa. Mankhwala omwe amachiza mavairasi amatha kuthana ndi chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi fuluwenza komanso gulu la ma virus a herpes. Mankhwalawa akhoza kuyesedwa ngati matendawa agwidwa msanga.

Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Mankhwala a Corticosteroid
• Kuchuluka kwa madzi
• Mpweya
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanda chinyezi

Kugona kuchipatala kungafunike ngati mukulephera kumwa mowa wokwanira komanso kuthandizira kupuma ngati mpweya uli wochepa kwambiri.

Anthu amatha kuloledwa kupita kuchipatala ngati:

• Ali ndi zaka zoposa 65 kapena ali ana
• Satha kudzisamalira kunyumba, kudya, kapena kumwa
• Khalani ndi vuto lina lalikulu lachipatala, monga vuto la mtima kapena impso
• Ndakhala ndikumwa maantibayotiki kunyumba ndipo sakupeza bwino
• Khalani ndi zizindikiro zoopsa

Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba. Mungathe kuchita izi kunyumba:

• Sungani malungo anu ndi aspirin, mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs, monga ibuprofen kapena naproxen), kapena acetaminophen. Musapatse ana aspirin chifukwa akhoza kuyambitsa matenda owopsa otchedwa Reye syndrome.
• Musamamwe mankhwala a chifuwa musanalankhule ndi omwe akukuthandizani. Mankhwala akukhosomola amatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu likhale lokanika kutsokomola.
• Imwani madzi ambiri kuti muthandize kumasula zotulutsa ndikubweretsa phlegm.
• Pezani mpumulo wambiri. Khalani ndi winawake kuchita ntchito zapakhomo.

Matenda ambiri a chibayo amakhala ofatsa ndipo amakhala bwino popanda chithandizo mkati mwa sabata limodzi kapena atatu. Milandu ina imakhala yayikulu kwambiri ndipo imafuna kugona kuchipatala.

Matenda akulu kwambiri amatha kupuma, kulephera kwa chiwindi, komanso mtima kulephera. Nthawi zina, matenda a bakiteriya amapezeka nthawi yayitali kapena itangotha ​​kumene chibayo cha virus, chomwe chimatha kubweretsa mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya chibayo.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati matenda a chibayo ayamba kukula kapena vuto lanu likuipiraipira mukayamba kusintha.

Sambani m'manja pafupipafupi, mukaphulitsa mphuno yanu, mukapita kuchimbudzi, mukadina mwana, komanso musanadye kapena kuphika chakudya.

Pewani kukumana ndi odwala ena odwala.

Osasuta. Fodya amawononga mapapu anu 'kutetezera matenda.

Mankhwala otchedwa palivizumab (Synagis) atha kuperekedwa kwa ana ochepera miyezi 24 kuti apewe RSV.

Katemera wa chimfine, amaperekedwa chaka chilichonse kuti ateteze chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi kachilomboka. Omwe ndi achikulire komanso omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, mphumu, matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), khansa, kapena chitetezo chamthupi chofooka ayenera kutsimikiza kuti adzalandira katemera wa chimfine.

Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndi chofooka, musakhale pagulu. Funsani alendo omwe ali ndi chimfine kuti avale chigoba ndikusamba m'manja.

Chibayo - tizilombo; Kuyenda chibayo - tizilombo

• Chibayo mwa akulu - kutulutsa
• Chibayo mwa ana - kutulutsa

• Mapapo
• Dongosolo kupuma

Daly JS, Ellison RT. Chibayo chachikulu. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 67.

McCullers JA. Fuluwenza mavairasi. Mu: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, olemba. Feigin ndi Cherry's Bookbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 178.

Musher DM. Chidule cha chibayo. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI ma eds. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020; chap 91.

Roosevelt GE. Zadzidzidzi za kupuma kwa ana: matenda am'mapapo. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 169.