Asbestosis

Asbestosis ndi matenda am'mapapo omwe amapezeka chifukwa chopuma mu ulusi wa asbestos.

Kupuma kwa ulusi wa asbestos kumatha kuyambitsa minofu yofiira (fibrosis) kuti ipangidwe mkati mwa mapapo. Minofu yamapapo yotupa siyikulitsa ndipo imagwirana bwino nthawi zambiri.

Matendawa ndi oopsa kutengera kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe munthuyo adakumana ndi asibesito ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe adapumira komanso mtundu wa ulusi wopumira.

Ulusi wa asibesito ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga chaka cha 1975 chisanachitike. Kuwonetsedwa kwa asibesito kunachitika mu migodi ya asibesitosi ndi mphero, zomangamanga, zotchingira moto, ndi mafakitale ena. Mabanja a antchito a asibesito amathanso kuwululidwa kuchokera ku tinthu tomwe timabweretsa kunyumba pa zovala za wogwira ntchito.

Matenda ena okhudzana ndi asibesito ndi awa:

• Zolemba za Pleural (kuwerengera)
• Malignant mesothelioma (khansa ya pleura, akalowa m'mapapo), omwe amatha zaka 20 mpaka 40 atawonekera
• Pleural effusion, yomwe ndi gulu lomwe limayambira m'mapapo zaka zingapo pambuyo poti asbestos yatulukira ndipo ndiyabwino
• Khansa ya m'mapapo

Ogwira ntchito masiku ano sangatenge matenda okhudzana ndi asibesito chifukwa cha malamulo aboma.

Kusuta ndudu kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda okhudzana ndi asbestos.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Tsokomola
• Kupuma pang'ono ndi zochitika (pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi)
• Kulimba pachifuwa

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Kalabu yazala
• Zovuta za msomali

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikiro.

Mukamamvetsera pachifuwa ndi stethoscope, woperekayo amatha kumva phokoso lotchedwa rales.

Mayesowa atha kuthandiza kuzindikira matendawa:

• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT m'mapapu
• Kuyesa kwa mapapo

Palibe mankhwala. Kuletsa kuwonekera kwa asibesito ndikofunikira. Pofuna kuchepetsa zizindikilo, kukoka kwa madzi ndi chifuwa kungathandize kuchotsa madzi m'mapapu.

Dokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala a erosol kumadzi am'mapapo ochepa. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli angafunike kulandira mpweya ndi chigoba kapena pulasitiki yolumikizana ndi mphuno. Anthu ena angafunike kumuika m'mapapo.

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa za matendawa polowa nawo gulu lothandizira m'mapapo. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Izi zitha kukupatsirani zambiri za asbestosis:

• American Lung Association - www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asbestosis
• Bungwe Lodziwitsa Matenda a Asbestos - www.asbestosdiseaseawareness.org
• United States pantchito Yachitetezo ndi Zaumoyo - www.osha.gov/SLTC/asbestos

Zotsatira zimadalira kuchuluka kwa asibesitosi omwe mudapezekapo komanso kuti mudawululidwa nthawi yayitali bwanji.

Anthu omwe amakhala ndi mesothelioma yoyipa amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukukayikira kuti mwapezeka ndi asibesitosi ndipo mukuvutika kupuma. Kukhala ndi asbestosis kumakupangitsani kukhala kosavuta kuti mukhale ndi matenda am'mapapo. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopeza katemera wa chimfine ndi chibayo.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi asbestosis, itanani omwe amakupatsani nthawi yomweyo mukakhala ndi chifuwa, kupuma pang'ono, malungo, kapena zizindikilo zina zamatenda am'mapapo, makamaka ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi chimfine. Popeza kuti mapapu anu awonongeka kale, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kachilomboka kathandizidwe nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimalepheretsa kupuma kuti kukhale koopsa, komanso kuwonongeka kwamapapu anu.

Kwa anthu omwe akhala akudwala asibesito kwa zaka zopitilira 10, kuwunika ndi x-ray pachifuwa zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zilizonse kumatha kuzindikira matenda okhudzana ndi asbestos koyambirira. Kuletsa kusuta ndudu kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa yam'mapapo yokhudzana ndi asbestosi.

Pulmonary fibrosis - kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa asibesito; Interstitial pneumonitis - kuchokera pakuwonetsedwa kwa asibesitosi

• Matenda am'mapapo - akulu - amatulutsa

• Dongosolo kupuma

Cowie RL, Becklake MR. Pneumoconioses. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 73.

Zotsatira Tarlo SM. Matenda am'mapapo pantchito. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 87.