Kubwezeretsa kwa aortic

Aortic regurgitation ndi matenda a valavu yamtima momwe aortic valve satsekera mwamphamvu. Izi zimalola magazi kutuluka kuchokera ku aorta (chotengera chachikulu kwambiri chamagazi) kulowa mu ventricle yakumanzere (chipinda chamtima).

Chikhalidwe chilichonse chomwe chimalepheretsa valavu ya aortic kutseka kwathunthu chimatha kubweretsa vuto ili. Valavu ikangotseka njira yonse, magazi ena amabwerera nthawi iliyonse mtima umagunda.

Magazi ochuluka akabwerera, mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kukakamiza magazi okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za thupi. Chipinda chakumanzere chakumanzere cha mtima chimafutukuka (chimatambasula) ndipo mtima umagunda mwamphamvu (kutulutsa mtima). Popita nthawi, mtima umalephera kupereka magazi okwanira mthupi.

M'mbuyomu, rheumatic fever ndiyo imayambitsa matenda aortic. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kuchiza matenda opatsirana kwachititsa kuti rheumatic fever ichepetse. Chifukwa chake, kubwerera kwa aortic kumakhala kofala kwambiri chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Kutseka kwa minyewa
• Mavuto obadwa nawo (omwe amapezeka pakubadwa), monga bicuspid valve
• Endocarditis (matenda amagetsi amtima)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Matenda a Marfan
• Matenda a Reiter (omwe amadziwikanso kuti nyamakazi yogwira ntchito)
• Chindoko
• Njira lupus erythematosus
• Zovuta pachifuwa

Kulephera kwa aortic kumakhala kofala kwambiri mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60.

Vutoli nthawi zambiri silikhala ndi zidziwitso kwa zaka zambiri. Zizindikiro zimatha kubwera pang'onopang'ono kapena mwadzidzidzi. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kugunda kwamkati
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kofanana ndi angina (kawirikawiri)
• Kukomoka
• Kutopa
• Kupindika (kutengeka kwa mtima kumenya)
• Kupuma pang'ono ndi zochitika kapena pogona
• Kudzuka kupuma kwakanthawi kanthawi atagona
• Kutupa kwa mapazi, miyendo, kapena mimba
• Kugunda kosafanana, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kugunda, kapena kukupiza
• Kufooka komwe kumatha kuchitika ndi zochitika

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Kung'ung'uza mtima komwe kumamveka kudzera mu stethoscope
• Kugunda kwamphamvu kwamtima
• Kukulira mutu munthawi yake ndi kugunda kwamtima
• Zilimba zolimba m'manja ndi m'miyendo
• Kuthamanga kwa diastolic magazi
• Zizindikiro zamadzimadzi m'mapapu

Kubwezeretsa kwa aortic kumawoneka pamayeso monga:

• Angiography ya aortic
• Echocardiogram - kuwunika kwa mtima kwa ultrasound
• Catheterization yamtima wakumanzere
• MRI kapena CT scan pamtima
• Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) kapena transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

X-ray pachifuwa imatha kuwonetsa kutupa kwa chipinda chakumanzere chakumanzere.

Mayeso a labu sangazindikire kusakwanira kwa aortic. Komabe, atha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zifukwa zina.

Simungafunike chithandizo ngati mulibe zizindikiro kapena zochepa chabe. Komabe, mufunika kuwona wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala kuma echocardiograms wamba.

Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kukukwera, mungafunike kumwa mankhwala a magazi kuti muchepetse kukula kwa kuyambiranso kwa aortic.

Odzetsa (mapiritsi amadzi) atha kulembedwa kuti azindikire kulephera kwa mtima.

M'mbuyomu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la valavu yamtima amapatsidwa maantibayotiki asanayambe ntchito yamano kapena njira yovuta, monga colonoscopy. Maantibayotiki adapatsidwa kuti ateteze matenda amtima wowonongeka. Komabe, maantibayotiki tsopano sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Muyenera kuchepetsa zochitika zomwe zimafunikira ntchito yambiri kuchokera mumtima mwanu. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani.

Kuchita opaleshoni kuti mukonze kapena kusinthira valavu ya aortic imakonzanso kuyambiranso kwa aortic. Chisankho chokhala ndi valavu ya aortic chimadalira zizindikiro zanu komanso momwe mtima wanu ukugwirira ntchito.

Mwinanso mungafunike opaleshoni kuti mukonze aorta ngati yakula.

Kuchita opaleshoni kumatha kuchiza kuperewera kwa aortic ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo, pokhapokha mutakhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena zovuta zina. Anthu omwe ali ndi angina kapena mtima wosalimba chifukwa chobwezeretsa aortic samachita bwino popanda chithandizo.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Nyimbo zosadziwika bwino zamtima
• Mtima kulephera
• Matenda mumtima

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Muli ndi zizindikiro zakubwezeretsanso kwa aortic.
• Muli ndi kuperewera kwa minyewa ndipo zizindikilo zanu zimawonjezeka kapena zizindikilo zatsopano zimayamba (makamaka kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kapena kutupa).

Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati muli pachiwopsezo chobwezeretsanso aortic.

Kuphulika kwa valavu ya aortic; Kusowa kwa minyewa; Mtima valavu - aortic regurgitation; Matenda a Valvular - aortic regurgitation; AI - kulephera kwa aortic

• Kulephera kwa aortic

Carabello BA. Matenda a mtima wa Valvular. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 66.

Lindman BR, Bonow RO, Otto CM. Matenda a valve aortic. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 68.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, ndi al. Kusintha kwa 2017 AHA / ACC kwaupangiri wa 2014 AHA / ACC wowongolera odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtima wa valvular: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Kuzungulira. Chizindikiro. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.

Otto CM. Kubwezeretsa kwa Valvular. Mu: Otto CM, mkonzi. Buku la Clinical Echocardiography. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 12.