Angina wolimba

Khola la angina ndikumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi zochitika kapena kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe.Angina imabwera chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi kudzera mumitsempha yamagazi mumtima.

Minofu ya mtima wanu imafuna mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse. Mitsempha yam'mimba imanyamula magazi olemera okosijeni kumtima.

Pamene minofu ya mtima iyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika, imafunikira mpweya wambiri. Zizindikiro za angina zimachitika magazi akamachepetsa minofu ya mtima. Izi zimachitika pamene mitsempha yam'mimba imachepetsedwa kapena kutsekedwa ndi atherosclerosis kapena magazi.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha angina ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi. Angina pectoris ndi dzina lachipatala la mtundu uwu wa kupweteka pachifuwa.

Angina wosakhazikika ndi wovuta kwambiri kuposa angina wosakhazikika, koma imatha kukhala yopweteka kwambiri kapena yosasangalatsa.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zoopsa zamatenda amitsempha. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Matenda a shuga
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Cholesterol wambiri wa LDL
• Cholesterol Yotsika
• Kukhala chete
• Kusuta
• Ukalamba
• Kugonana kwamwamuna

Chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa minofu ya mtima kufuna mpweya wambiri kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe imalandira kumatha kuyambitsa angina kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda amtima, kuphatikiza:

• Nyengo yozizira
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kupsinjika mtima
• Zakudya zazikulu

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa angina ndi izi:

• Nyimbo zosazolowereka (mtima wanu umagunda mwachangu kwambiri kapenanso mtima wanu suli wokhazikika)
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• Mitsempha ya Coronary spasm (yotchedwanso Prinzmetal angina)
• Mtima kulephera
• Matenda a valavu yamtima
• Hyperthyroidism (chithokomiro chopitilira muyeso)

Zizindikiro za angina okhazikika nthawi zambiri zimanenedweratu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena zochita zingayambitse angina yanu. Angina yanu iyenera kusintha kapena kuchokapo mukaleka kapena muchepetse zolimbitsa thupi.

Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndikumva kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumachitika kuseri kwa chifuwa kapena pang'ono kumanzere kwake. Kupweteka kwa khola la angina nthawi zambiri kumayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumawonjezeka pakapita mphindi zochepa musanapite.

Nthawi zambiri, kupweteka pachifuwa kumamveka ngati kukhathamira, kupsinjika kwakukulu, kufinya, kapena kupsinjika. Itha kufalikira ku:

• Mkono (nthawi zambiri kumanzere)
• Kubwerera
• Nsagwada
• Khosi
• Phewa

Anthu ena amati ululu umakhala ngati mpweya kapena kudzimbidwa.

Zizindikiro zochepa za angina zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutopa
• Kupuma pang'ono
• Kufooka
• Chizungulire kapena kupepuka
• Nseru, kusanza, ndi thukuta
• Kupindika

Ululu wochokera ku angina wokhazikika:

• Nthawi zambiri zimabwera ndikumachita kapena kupsinjika
• Amakhala pafupifupi 1 mpaka 15 mphindi
• Amamasulidwa ndi kupumula kapena mankhwala otchedwa nitroglycerin

Kuukira kwa Angina kumachitika nthawi iliyonse masana. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika pakati pa 6 koloko masana.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakuyesani ndikuwona kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Zowonera Coronary
• Cholesterol wamagazi mbiri
• ECG
• Yesetsani kulolerana (kuyesa kupsinjika kapena kuyesa kupondaponda)
• Mayeso a kupsinjika kwa mankhwala a nyukiliya (thallium)
• Kupsinjika kwa echocardiogram
• Kujambula mtima kwa CT

Chithandizo cha angina chingaphatikizepo:

• Zosintha m'moyo
• Mankhwala
• Ndondomeko monga coronary angiography yokhala ndi ma stent
• Mitsempha ya Coronary imadutsa opaleshoni

Ngati muli ndi angina, inu ndi omwe mumakupatsaniwo mupanga dongosolo lamankhwala tsiku lililonse. Dongosololi liyenera kuphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala omwe mumamwa pafupipafupi kupewa angina
• Zochita zomwe mungachite ndi zomwe muyenera kuzipewa
• Mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa mukamamva kupweteka kwa angina
• Zizindikiro zomwe zikutanthauza kuti angina anu akukulirakulira
• Nthawi yomwe muyenera kuyimbira dokotala kapena kupeza thandizo lachipatala mwadzidzidzi

MANKHWALA

Mungafunike kumwa mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, kapena kuchuluka kwama cholesterol. Tsatirani malangizo a omwe akukuthandizani kuti muteteze angina yanu kuti asawonongeke.

Mapiritsi a nitroglycerin kapena utsi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kupweteka pachifuwa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga aspirin ndi clopidogrel (Plavix), ticagrelor (Brilinta) kapena prasugrel (Effient) atha kuthandiza kuteteza magazi kuundana m'mitsempha mwanu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa.

Mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ena kuti akuthandizeni kupewa kukhala ndi angina. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• ACE inhibitors kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuteteza mtima wanu
• Beta-blockers kuti achepetse kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito oxygen pamtima
• Ma calcium calcium otsekereza kupumula mitsempha, kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika pamtima
• Nitrate kuthandiza kupewa angina
• Ranolazine (Ranexa) kuchiza angina osachiritsika

MUSAYESE KUTENGA NDI ZOMWE ZOMWEZI ZIMENEZI MWA INU. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani kaye. Kuyimitsa mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi kumatha kukulitsa angina kapena kuyambitsa matenda amtima. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamankhwala osokoneza bongo (aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor ndi prasugrel).

Wopereka wanu atha kulimbikitsa pulogalamu yokonzanso mtima kuti ikuthandizireni kukhala wolimba mtima.

CHITHANDIZO CHOPHUNZITSA

Anthu ena azitha kuwongolera angina ndi mankhwala osafunikira opaleshoni. Ena adzafunika njira yotchedwa angioplasty and stent placement (yotchedwanso percutaneous coronary intervention) kuti atsegule mitsempha yotseka kapena yopapatiza yomwe imapereka magazi pamtima.

Ma blockages omwe sangachiritsidwe ndi angioplasty angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamtima kuti ayendetse magazi mozungulira mitsempha yochepetsetsa kapena yotseka.

Angina wolimba nthawi zambiri amasintha mukamamwa mankhwala.

Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa, kosadziwika kapena kukakamizidwa. Ngati mudakhalapo ndi angina kale, itanani omwe akukuthandizani.

Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati ululu wanu wa angina:

• Si bwino mphindi 5 mutamwa nitroglycerin
• Sichitha pambuyo pa mlingo wa 3 wa nitroglycerin
• Zikukulirakulira
• Kubwerera pambuyo poti nitroglycerin idathandizira poyamba

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mukukhala ndi zizindikiro za angina pafupipafupi
• Mukukhala ndi angina pomwe mwakhala (kupumula angina)
• Mukumva kutopa nthawi zambiri
• Mukumva kukomoka kapena ndi mutu wopepuka
• Mtima wanu ukugunda pang'onopang'ono (zosakwana 60 kumenyera mphindi) kapena mwachangu kwambiri (kugunda kopitilira 120 pamphindi), kapena sikukhazikika (pafupipafupi)
• Mukuvutika kumwa mankhwala amtima wanu
• Muli ndi zizindikiro zina zachilendo

Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi angina atayika (atamwalira).

Choopsa ndichinthu chokhudza inu chomwe chimakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala kapena kukhala ndi thanzi linalake.

Zina mwaziwopsezo zamatenda amtima simungathe kuzisintha, koma zina mutha. Kusintha zoopsa zomwe mutha kuwongolera kudzakuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wathanzi.

Angina - khola; Angina - wosatha; Angina pectoris; Kupweteka pachifuwa - angina; CAD - angina; Mitima matenda - angina; Matenda a mtima - angina

• Angina - kumaliseche
• Angina - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Angina - mukakhala ndi ululu pachifuwa
• Matenda a mtima - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Mtima - kuwonera kutsogolo
• Angina wolimba

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Fihn SD, Blankenship JC, Alexander KP, ndi al. Chidziwitso cha 2014 ACC / AHA / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS chitsogozo chazidziwitso zakuwunika ndi kuwunika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osakhazikika amtima: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, ndi American Association for Thoracic Surgery, Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention, ndi Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Ndine Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (18): 1929-1949. PMID: 25077860 adatulutsidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25077860/.

Morrow DA, de Lemos JA .. Matenda okhazikika amischemic. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 61.

Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, ndi al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA chitsogozo chopewa, kuzindikira, kuwunika, ndikuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa achikulire: Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force pamayendedwe azachipatala. J Ndine Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19) 2199-2269. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 29146533 adasankhidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146533/.