Jaundice

Jaundice ndi khungu lachikasu, mamina am'mimba, kapena maso. Mitundu yachikaso imachokera ku bilirubin, yopangidwa ndi maselo ofiira akale. Jaundice ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha zovuta zingapo zathanzi.

Maselo ofiira ochepa mthupi lanu amafa tsiku lililonse, ndikusinthidwa ndi ena atsopano. Chiwindi chimachotsa maselo akale amwazi. Izi zimapanga bilirubin. Chiwindi chimathandiza kugwetsa bilirubin kuti athe kuchotsedwa ndi thupi kudzera pampando.

Jaundice imatha kuchitika pamene bilirubin yambiri imakula mthupi.

Jaundice imatha kuchitika ngati:

• Maselo ofiira ambiri amafa kapena akusweka ndikupita pachiwindi.
• Chiwindi chimadzaza kapena kuwonongeka.
• Bilirubin yochokera pachiwindi imalephera kuyenda moyenera.

Jaundice nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro cha vuto la chiwindi, ndulu, kapena kapamba. Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse jaundice ndizo:

• Matenda, makamaka mavairasi
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena
• Khansa ya chiwindi, timadontho ta ndulu kapena kapamba
• Mavuto amwazi, ndulu, zopindika pakubala ndi zina zambiri zamankhwala

Jaundice imatha kuwoneka mwadzidzidzi kapena kukula pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Zizindikiro za jaundice nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:

• Khungu lachikaso ndi gawo loyera la maso (sclera) - matenda a jaundice akakhala ovuta kwambiri, malowa amatha kuwoneka ofiira
• Mtundu wachikasu mkamwa
• Mkodzo wamtundu wakuda kapena wabulauni
• Zojambula zofiirira kapena zadongo
• Kuyabwa (pruritis) nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi jaundice

Chidziwitso: Ngati khungu lanu ndi lachikaso ndipo loyera m'maso mwanu silili lachikaso, mwina simungakhale ndi jaundice. Khungu lanu limatha kusintha mtundu wachikaso mpaka lalanje ngati mutadya beta carotene wambiri, mtundu wa lalanje mu kaloti.

Zizindikiro zina zimadalira matenda omwe amachititsa matenda a jaundice:

• Khansara imatha kutulutsa zisonyezo, kapena kutopa, kuchepa thupi, kapena zizindikilo zina.
• Chiwindi chimatha kuyambitsa nseru, kusanza, kutopa, kapena zizindikilo zina.

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Izi zitha kuwonetsa kutupa kwa chiwindi.

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa bilirubin kudzachitika. Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Gulu la kachilombo ka hepatitis kuti lifufuze matenda a chiwindi
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi kumatsimikizira momwe chiwindi chikugwirira ntchito
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa magazi kapena kuchepa kwa magazi
• M'mimba ultrasound
• M'mimba mwa CT scan
• Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
• Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTCA)
• Chiwindi
• Mulingo wa cholesterol
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin

Chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa cha jaundice.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati mutayamba matenda a jaundice.

Zomwe zimakhudzana ndi jaundice; Khungu lachikaso ndi maso; Khungu - chikasu; Icterus; Maso - wachikasu; Jaundice wachikasu

• Jaundice
• Mwana wakhanda
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Magetsi a Bili

Berk PD, Korenblat KM. Yandikirani kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi jaundice kapena mayeso osadziwika a chiwindi. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 147.

Fargo MV, Grogan SP, Saquil A. Kuunika kwa jaundice mwa akulu. Ndi Sing'anga wa Fam. 2017; 95 (3): 164-168. PMID: 28145671 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28145671. (Adasankhidwa)

Lidofsky Sd. Jaundice. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mutu 21.

Taylor TA, Wheatley MA. Jaundice. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 25.