Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono Colorectal

Mtundu wonyezimira wonyezimira wonyezimira - kakulidwe kakang'ono kamene kamamera pamatope kapena m'matumbo.

Ma polyps a colon ndi rectum nthawi zambiri amakhala owopsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si khansa. Mutha kukhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono amodzi kapena ambiri. Amakhala ofala msinkhu. Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo ting'onoting'ono.

Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono adenomatous - mtundu wamba. Ndi tinthu tokhala ngati timbewu takumera timene timamera pamimba lomwe limayendetsa matumbo akulu. Amatchedwanso adenomas ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala amodzi mwa awa:

• Tubular polyp, yomwe imatulukira mu lumen (malo otseguka) a colon
• Villous adenoma, yomwe nthawi zina imakhala yopanda pake komanso kufalikira, ndipo imatha kukhala khansa

Adenomas atakhala ndi khansa, amadziwika kuti adenocarcinomas. Adenocarcinomas ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo amtundu wamatumbo. Adenocarcinoma ndi khansa yofala kwambiri yamtundu wamtundu.

Mitundu ina yamtunduwu ndi iyi:

• Ma Hyperplastic polyps, omwe nthawi zambiri, ngati adakhalapo, amakhala khansa
• Ma polyps osungunuka, omwe siofala kwenikweni, koma amatha kukhala khansa pakapita nthawi

Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tolimba kuposa 1 sentimita (1 cm) tili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa kuposa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono kuposa 1 sentimita. Zowopsa ndi izi:

• Zaka
• Mbiri ya banja la khansa yam'matumbo kapena ma polyps
• Mtundu wa polyp wotchedwa villous adenoma

Chiwerengero chochepa cha anthu omwe ali ndi ma polyps amathanso kulumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina zobadwa nazo, kuphatikiza:

• Wodziwika bwino adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Matenda a Gardner (mtundu wa FAP)
• Juvenile polyposis (matenda omwe amayambitsa matumbo ambiri m'matumbo, nthawi zambiri asanakwanitse zaka 20)
• Matenda a Lynch (HNPCC, matenda omwe amabweretsa mwayi wamitundu yambiri ya khansa, kuphatikiza m'matumbo)
• Matenda a Peutz-Jeghers (matenda omwe amayambitsa matumbo am'mimba, nthawi zambiri m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta)

Ma polyps nthawi zambiri alibe zizindikiro. Zikakhalapo, zizindikilo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Magazi pamalopo
• Sinthani chizolowezi chamatumbo
• Kutopa komwe kumadza chifukwa chakutaya magazi pakapita nthawi

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakuyesani. Tinthu tambiri tating'onoting'ono titha kumvekanso mukamayesedwa.

Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imapezeka ndi mayesero awa:

• Enema wa Barium (sachitika kawirikawiri)
• Zojambulajambula
• Masewera a Sigmoidoscopy
• Kuyesa kopondapo magazi obisika (zamatsenga)
• Ma colonoscopy enieni
• Chiyeso cha DNA chopondapo
• Mayeso a Fecal immunochemical (FIT)

Ma polyps amtundu woyenera amayenera kuchotsedwa chifukwa ena amatha kukhala khansa. Nthawi zambiri, ma polyps amatha kuchotsedwa pa colonoscopy.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma adenomatous polyps, ma polyps atsopano amatha kuwonekera mtsogolo. Muyenera kukhala ndi colonoscopy yobwereza, nthawi zambiri 1 mpaka 10 patapita zaka, kutengera:

• Zaka zanu ndi thanzi lanu lonse
• Chiwerengero cha ma polyp omwe mudali nawo
• Kukula ndi mtundu wa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono
• Mbiri ya banja la polyps kapena khansa

Nthawi zambiri, ma polyps atha kusintha khansa kapena yayikulu kwambiri kuti achotse panthawi ya colonoscopy, woperekayo amalangiza colectomy. Uku ndi kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti muchotse gawo linalake lomwe lili ndi ma polyps.

Mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino kwambiri ngati ma polyps atachotsedwa. Ma polyp omwe sanachotsedwe amatha kukhala khansa pakapita nthawi.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Magazi poyenda
• Sinthani zizolowezi zamatumbo

Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono:

• Idyani zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri ndipo idyani zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi michere yambiri.
• Osasuta komanso osamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Khalani ndi thupi labwino.
• Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.

Wothandizira anu amatha kuyitanitsa ma colonoscopy kapena mayeso ena owunikira:

• Mayesowa amathandiza kupewa khansa ya m'matumbo pakupeza ndikuchotsa ma polyp asanakhale khansa. Izi zitha kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi khansa yam'matumbo, kapena kuthandizira kuti igwire bwino kwambiri.
• Anthu ambiri ayenera kuyamba mayesowa ali ndi zaka 50. Omwe ali ndi mbiri yapa khansa ya m'matumbo kapena ma polyp polyp angafunike kuwunikidwa ali okalamba kapena kangapo.

Kutenga aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, kapena mankhwala ofanana nawo kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha tizilombo tatsopano. Dziwani kuti mankhwalawa atha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa atatengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi m'mimba kapena m'matumbo ndi matenda amtima. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanamwe mankhwalawa.

Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono m'mimba; Tinthu ting'onoting'ono - zokongola; Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono; Hyperplastic tizilombo ting'onoting'ono; Ovuta adenomas; Serrated polyp; Serrated adenoma; Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono khansa; Khansa ya m'matumbo - tizilombo ting'onoting'ono; Kuthira magazi - ma polyps owoneka bwino

• Zojambulajambula
• Dongosolo m'mimba

Clinical Guidelines Committee ya American College of Physicians. Kuwunika kwa khansa yoyipa mwa achikulire omwe ali pachiwopsezo: malangizo ochokera ku American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. (Adasankhidwa) adwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

Garber JJ, Chung DC. Colonic polyps ndi polyposis syndromes. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chaputala 126.

Tsamba la National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Malangizo azachipatala a NCCN mu oncology (malangizo a NCCN): kuwunika kwa khansa yoyipa. Mtundu 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Meyi 6, 2020. Idapezeka pa June 10, 2020.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. (Adasankhidwa) Kuwonetsetsa kwa khansa yoyipa: Malangizo kwa asing'anga ndi odwala ochokera ku US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Ndine J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 28555630 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630. (Adasankhidwa)