Matenda a Chagas

Matenda a Chagas ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizirombo tating'onoting'ono komanso tofalitsa tizilombo. Matendawa amapezeka ku South ndi Central America.

Matenda a Chagas amayamba chifukwa cha tiziromboti Trypanosoma cruzi. Imafalikira ndi kuluma kwa nsikidzi zathu, kapena nsikidzi zopsyopsyona, ndipo ndi amodzi mwamavuto akulu azaumoyo ku South America. Chifukwa cha alendo, matendawa amakhudzanso anthu ku United States.

Zowopsa za matenda a Chagas ndizo:

• Kukhala munyumba momwe nsikidzi zathu zimakhalira pamakoma
• Kukhala ku Central kapena South America
• Umphawi
• Kulandila magazi kuchokera kwa munthu amene wanyamula tiziromboti, koma alibe matenda a Chagas

Matenda a Chagas ali ndi magawo awiri: ovuta komanso osatha. Gawo loyipa mwina silikhala ndi zizindikilo kapena zoziziritsa, kuphatikiza:

• Malungo
• Kumva kudandaula
• Kutupa kwa diso ngati kuluma kuli pafupi ndi diso
• Malo ofiira ofiira pomwe kulumidwa ndi tizilombo

Pambuyo pachimake, matendawa amakhululukidwa. Palibe zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere kwazaka zambiri. Zizindikiro zikayamba, zimatha kukhala:

• Kudzimbidwa
• Mavuto am'mimba
• Mtima kulephera
• Ululu m'mimba
• Kugunda kapena kuthamanga mtima
• Kumeza zovuta

Kuyesedwa kwakuthupi kumatsimikizira izi. Zizindikiro za matenda a Chagas atha kukhala:

• Matenda a minofu ya mtima
• Kukulitsa chiwindi ndi ndulu
• Mafupa okulirapo
• Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha
• Kugunda kwamtima mwachangu

Mayeso ndi awa:

• Chikhalidwe chamagazi kuyang'ana zizindikilo za matenda
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Echocardiogram (imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amawu kuti apange zithunzi za mtima)
• Electrocardiogram (ECG, imayesa zamagetsi mumtima)
• Immunoassay yolumikizidwa ndi enzyme (ELISA) kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za matenda
• Kupaka magazi kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za matenda

Gawo loyipa komanso matenda opatsirana a Chagas ayenera kuthandizidwa. Makanda obadwa ndi kachilombo akuyeneranso kuthandizidwa.

Kuthana ndi matendawa kumalimbikitsidwa kwa ana komanso akuluakulu. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda osagwirizana a Chagas ayenera kukambirana ndi omwe amawasamalira kuti awone ngati akufunikira chithandizo.

Mankhwala awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza matendawa: benznidazole ndi nifurtimox.

Mankhwala onsewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta. Zotsatira zake zoyipa zitha kukhala zoyipa kwambiri kwa anthu achikulire. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• Mutu ndi chizungulire
• Kuchepa kwa njala ndi kuonda
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha
• Mavuto akugona
• Ziphuphu pakhungu

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka omwe samalandira chithandizo amakhala ndi matenda a Chagas osachiritsika kapena azizindikiro. Zitha kutenga zaka zopitilira 20 kuchokera nthawi yomwe matenda oyamba adayamba kukhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena kugaya chakudya.

Nyimbo zosadziwika bwino zimatha kufa mwadzidzidzi. Mtima ukayamba kulephera, imfa imachitika pakatha zaka zingapo.

Matenda a Chagas amatha kuyambitsa zovuta izi:

• Kukula koloni
• Kukulitsa kummero ndikovuta kumeza
• Matenda a mtima
• Mtima kulephera
• Kusowa zakudya m'thupi

Itanani msonkhano ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati mukuganiza kuti mungakhale ndi matenda a Chagas.

Kuteteza tizilombo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso nyumba zomwe sizingakhale ndi tizilombo tambiri zithandizira kufalitsa matendawa.

Malo osungira magazi ku Central ndi South America amapereka owonera kuti awononge tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Magazi amatayidwa ngati woperekayo ali ndi tiziromboti. Malo ambiri osungira magazi ku United States adayamba kuunika matenda a Chagas mu 2007.

Matenda a tiziromboti - American trypanosomiasis

• Chipsompsono
• Ma antibodies

Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN. Ma protistans amwazi ndi minofu I: ma hemoflagellates. Mu: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, olemba. Parasitology Yaumunthu. 5th ed. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: mutu 6.

Kirchhoff LV. Mitundu ya Trypanosoma (American trypanosomiasis, matenda a Chagas): biology ya trypanosomes. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Mfundo za Bennett ndi Kuchita kwa Matenda Opatsirana, Kusinthidwa. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 278.