Matenda a Hypokalemic periodic

Matenda a Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP) ndimatenda omwe amapangitsa kufooka kwa minofu nthawi zina komanso potaziyamu m'mwazi. Dokotala dzina la potaziyamu wotsika kwambiri ndi hypokalemia.

HypoPP ndi amodzi mwamagulu amtundu wamatenda omwe amaphatikiza ziwalo za hyperkalemic periodic komanso ziwalo za thyrotoxic periodic.

HypoPP ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri ya ziwalo zakanthawi. Zimakhudza amuna nthawi zambiri.

HypoPP ndi yobadwa nayo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imakhalapo pakubadwa. Nthawi zambiri, imafalikira kudzera m'mabanja (obadwa nawo) ngati vuto lalikulu la autosomal. Mwanjira ina, kholo limodzi lokha liyenera kupatsira mwana wawo zakabadwa kuti zikhozeke.

Nthawi zina, vutoli limatha kukhala chifukwa cha vuto la chibadwa lomwe silinatengere.

Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yakufa ziwalo nthawi ndi nthawi, anthu omwe ali ndi hypoPP amakhala ndi vuto la chithokomiro. Koma ali ndi potaziyamu wotsika kwambiri wamagazi panthawi yazofooka. Izi zimachokera ku potaziyamu yoyenda kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'maselo amisempha m'njira yachilendo.

Zowopsa zimaphatikizaponso kukhala ndi achibale ena omwe ali ndi ziwalo nthawi ndi nthawi. Chiwopsezo chimakwera pang'ono mwa amuna aku Asia omwe amakhalanso ndi vuto la chithokomiro.

Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo kufooka kwa kufooka kwa minofu kapena kutayika kwa minofu (ziwalo) zomwe zimabwera ndikumapita. Pali mphamvu yabwinobwino yamphamvu pakati pamisempha.

Kuukira kumayambira mzaka zaunyamata, koma kumatha kuchitika asanakwanitse zaka 10. Nthawi zambiri kuzunzaku kumachitika mosiyanasiyana. Anthu ena amazunzidwa tsiku lililonse. Ena amakhala nawo kamodzi pachaka. Pozunzidwa munthu amakhala tcheru.

Kufooka kapena kufooka:

• Kawirikawiri amapezeka pamapewa ndi m'chiuno
• Zitha kukhudzanso mikono, miyendo, minofu ya maso, ndi minofu yomwe imathandizira kupuma ndi kumeza
• Zimapitilira
• Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pakudzuka kapena kugona kapena kupumula
• Ndi osowa panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma amatha kuyambitsa kupumula mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Mutha kuyambitsidwa ndi chakudya chambiri, chakudya chamchere, kupsinjika, kutenga mimba, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kuzizira
• Kuukira nthawi zambiri kumatenga maola angapo mpaka tsiku limodzi

Chizindikiro china chimaphatikizira chikope cha myotonia (vuto lomwe atatsegula ndikutseka maso, sangatsegulidwe kwakanthawi kochepa).

Wothandizira zaumoyo atha kukayikira hypoPP kutengera mbiri ya banja yamatendawo. Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kufooka kwa minofu komwe kumabwera ndikubwera ndi zotsatira zabwinobwino za mayeso a potaziyamu.

Pakati pakuukiridwa, kuyezetsa thupi sikuwonetsa zachilendo. Asanachitike, pamakhala kuuma kwamiyendo kapena kulemera kwa miyendo.

Pakayambitsa kufooka kwa minofu, potaziyamu wamagazi amakhala otsika. Izi zimatsimikizira matendawa. Palibe kuchepa kwa potaziyamu yathunthu. Mlingo wa potaziyamu wamagazi ndi wabwinobwino pakati pa ziwopsezo.

Pakati pa kuukira, kusinthasintha kwa minofu kumachepetsedwa kapena kulibe. Ndipo minofu imayenda molumala m'malo mokhala olimba. Magulu am'miyendo pafupi ndi thupi, monga mapewa ndi chiuno, amatenga nawo mbali pafupipafupi kuposa mikono ndi miyendo.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG), yomwe imatha kukhala yachilendo panthawi yamawonekedwe
• Electromyography (EMG), yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yachilendo pakati pa ziwopsezo ndi zosazolowereka mukamayesedwa
• Minofu biopsy, yomwe imatha kuwonetsa zodetsa nkhawa

Mayesero ena atha kulamulidwa kuti athetse zifukwa zina.

Zolinga zamankhwala ndi mpumulo wa zizindikiro komanso kupewa kuukira kwina.

Kufooka kwa minofu komwe kumakhudza kupuma kapena kumeza minofu ndi vuto ladzidzidzi. Kugunda kwamtima kosavomerezeka (mtima arrhythmias) kumathanso kuchitika panthawi yamavuto. Zonsezi ziyenera kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Potaziyamu yomwe imaperekedwa panthawi yomwe ikuukira ingathetse kuukirako. Potaziyamu imatha kutengedwa pakamwa. Koma ngati kufooka kuli kovuta, potaziyamu imayenera kuperekedwa kudzera mumitsempha (IV).

Kutenga zowonjezera potaziyamu kumathandizira kupewa kufooka kwa minofu.

Kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zimathandizira kuchepetsa zizindikilo.

Mankhwala otchedwa acetazolamide atha kuperekedwa kuti ateteze kuukira. Wothandizira anu akhoza kukuwuzani kuti mutenge potaziyamu zowonjezera chifukwa acetazolamide ikhoza kupangitsa thupi lanu kutaya potaziyamu.

Ngati acetazolamide sakukuthandizani, mungaperekedwe mankhwala ena.

HypoPP imayankha bwino kuchipatala. Chithandizo chitha kupewetsa, komanso kusintha, kufooka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa minofu. Ngakhale kulimba kwa minyewa kumayamba bwino pakati pa ziwopsezo, kuukira mobwerezabwereza kumatha kubweretsa kukulira komanso kufooka kwaminyewa pakati pamiyendo.

Mavuto azaumoyo omwe atha kukhala chifukwa cha izi ndi awa:

• Miyala ya impso (zotsatira zoyipa za acetazolamide)
• Kugunda kwamtima kosasinthasintha pakamenyedwa
• Kuvuta kupuma, kuyankhula, kapena kumeza pakuwukira (kawirikawiri)
• Minofu kufooka komwe kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi kufooka kwa minofu komwe kumabwera ndikudutsa, makamaka ngati muli ndi abale anu omwe amakhala ndi ziwalo nthawi ndi nthawi.

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911) ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukomoka mukuvutika kupuma, kuyankhula, kapena kumeza.

HypoPP sitingapewe. Chifukwa chitha kukhala choloŵa, upangiri wamtunduwu ukhoza kulangizidwa kwa maanja omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matendawa.

Chithandizo chimalepheretsa kufooka. Asanachitike, pamakhala kuuma kwamiyendo kapena kulemera kwa miyendo. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono pamene zizindikirozi ziyamba kungathandize kupewa kuukira kwathunthu.

Nthawi ziwalo - hypokalemic; Wodziwika wa hypokalemic periodic ziwalo; HOKPP; HypoKPP; HypoPP

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Tilton AH. Matenda ovuta a neuromuscular ndi zovuta. Mu: Fuhrman BP, Zimmerman JJ, olemba. Chisamaliro Chachikulu cha Ana. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 71.