Kuopsa kwa kunenepa kwambiri

Kunenepa kwambiri ndimavuto azachipatala pomwe mafuta ochuluka mthupi amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi mavuto azachipatala.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza mavuto awa:

• Kutsekemera kwa magazi (shuga) kapena shuga.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa).
• Cholesterol wamagazi ndi triglycerides (dyslipidemia, kapena mafuta am'magazi ambiri).
• Matenda amtima chifukwa chamatenda amtima, kulephera kwa mtima, ndi sitiroko.
• Matenda a mafupa ndi olumikizana, kulemera kwambiri kumapanikiza mafupa ndi mafupa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti osteoarthritis, matenda omwe amayambitsa kupweteka kwaminyewa komanso kuuma.
• Kuletsa kupuma tulo (kugona tulo). Izi zitha kuyambitsa kutopa masana kapena kugona, kusamala, komanso mavuto pantchito.
• Mavuto amiyala ndi chiwindi.
• Khansa zina.

Zinthu zitatu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngati mafuta amthupi a munthu amawapatsa mwayi waukulu woti atenge matenda obwera chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri:

• Mndandanda wamagulu (BMI)
• Kukula m'chiuno
• Zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe munthu ali nazo (choopsa ndichinthu chilichonse chomwe chimakulitsa mwayi wanu wodwala)

Akatswiri nthawi zambiri amadalira BMI kuti adziwe ngati munthu wonenepa kwambiri. BMI imayerekezera kuchuluka kwamafuta anu kutengera msinkhu ndi kulemera kwanu.

Kuyambira pa 25.0, kukwezeka kwa BMI yanu, ndiye kuti kuli chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Magulu awa a BMI amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza zoopsa:

• Onenepa kwambiri (osaneneka), ngati BMI ndi 25.0 mpaka 29.9
• Gulu la 1 (low low risk) kunenepa kwambiri, ngati BMI ndi 30.0 mpaka 34.9
• Kalasi yachiwiri (yowopsa pang'ono) kunenepa kwambiri, ngati BMI ndi 35.0 mpaka 39.9
• Gulu la 3 (chiopsezo chachikulu) kunenepa kwambiri, ngati BMI ndiyofanana kapena yoposa 40.0

Pali mawebusayiti ambiri okhala ndi ma calculator omwe amapereka BMI yanu mukamalowa kulemera ndi kutalika kwanu.

Amayi omwe ali ndi chiuno chokulirapo kuposa masentimita 89 (89 masentimita) ndi amuna omwe ali ndi chiuno chokulirapo kuposa mainchesi 40 (102 masentimita) ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amtima komanso mtundu wa 2 shuga. Anthu omwe ali ndi matupi ooneka ngati "apulo" (m'chiuno ndikulu kuposa chiuno) amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chifukwa cha izi.

Kukhala ndi chiwopsezo sikutanthauza kuti udzapeza matendawa. Koma zimawonjezera mwayi kuti mudzatero. Zina mwaziwopsezo, monga zaka, mtundu, kapena mbiri yabanja sizingasinthidwe.

Zomwe mumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, ndizotheka kuti mudzadwala matendawa kapena mavuto azaumoyo.

Chiwopsezo chanu chokhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo monga matenda amtima, sitiroko, ndi mavuto a impso kumawonjezeka ngati muli onenepa komanso muli ndi zoopsa izi:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)
• Cholesterol wamagazi kapena triglycerides
• Kutsekemera kwa magazi (shuga), chizindikiro cha mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga

Zina mwaziwopsezo zamatenda amtima ndi sitiroko sizimayambitsidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri:

• Kukhala ndi wachibale wazaka zosakwana 50 wokhala ndi matenda amtima
• Kukhala otopa kapena kukhala moyo wongokhala
• Kusuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito fodya wamtundu uliwonse

Mutha kuwongolera zambiri mwaziwopsezo pakusintha moyo wanu. Ngati muli ndi kunenepa kwambiri, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kuti muyambe pulogalamu yolemetsa. Cholinga choyamba kutaya 5% mpaka 10% ya kulemera kwanu pakadali pano kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

• Kunenepa kwambiri ndi thanzi

Cowley MA, Brown WA, Considine RV. Kunenepa kwambiri: vuto ndi kasamalidwe kake. Mu: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, olemba. Endocrinology: Akuluakulu ndi Ana. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 26.

Jensen MD. Kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 220.

Moyer VA; Gulu Lachitetezo la U.S. Kuwunika ndi kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri mwa akulu: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2012; 157 (5): 373-378. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 22733087 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22733087.

• Kunenepa kwambiri