Kuyezetsa mafuta m'thupi ndi zotsatira zake

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chofewa ngati phula chomwe chimapezeka mzigawo zonse za thupi. Thupi lanu limafunikira cholesterol pang'ono kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Koma cholesterol chochuluka chingatseke mitsempha yanu ndi kuyambitsa matenda a mtima.

Mayeso a magazi a cholesterol amachitidwa kuti akuthandizeni inu ndi omwe amakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse chiopsezo chanu cha matenda amtima, sitiroko, ndi mavuto ena obwera chifukwa cha mitsempha yochepetsetsa kapena yotseka.

Makhalidwe abwino amtundu wa cholesterol amatengera ngati muli ndi matenda amtima, matenda ashuga, kapena zoopsa zina. Wothandizira anu akhoza kukuwuzani zomwe cholinga chanu chiyenera kukhala.

Cholesterol ina imawerengedwa kuti ndi yabwino ndipo ina imawonedwa ngati yoyipa. Kuyesedwa kwamagazi kosiyanasiyana kumatha kuchitika kuti athe kuyerekeza mtundu uliwonse wa cholesterol.

Yemwe amakupatsirani akhoza kuyitanitsa kokha cholesterol yonse ngati mayeso oyamba. Imayeza mitundu yonse ya mafuta m'magazi anu.

Muthanso kukhala ndi mbiri ya lipid (kapena coronary risk), yomwe imaphatikizapo:

• Cholesterol chonse
• Kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein (cholesterol cha LDL)
• Mkulu osalimba lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol)
• Triglycerides (mtundu wina wamafuta m'magazi anu)
• Otsika kwambiri lipoprotein (VLDL cholesterol)

Lipoproteins amapangidwa ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Amanyamula cholesterol, triglycerides, ndi mafuta ena, otchedwa lipids, m'magazi kupita mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi.

Aliyense ayenera kuyesa mayeso awo koyamba azaka 35 kwa amuna, komanso zaka 45 kwa akazi. Malangizo ena amalimbikitsa kuyambira zaka 20.

Muyenera kukhala ndi mayeso a cholesterol mukadali achichepere ngati muli:

• Matenda a shuga
• Matenda a mtima
• Sitiroko
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mbiri yolimba yabanja yamatenda amtima

Kuyesa kutsatira kumachitika:

• Zaka zisanu zilizonse ngati zotsatira zanu zinali zachilendo.
• Kawirikawiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, kupwetekedwa, kapena mavuto a magazi kumapazi kapena kumapazi.
• Chaka chilichonse kapena ngati mukumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol.

Cholesterol chonse cha 180 mpaka 200 mg / dL (10 mpaka 11.1 mmol / l) kapena ochepera amadziwika kuti ndi abwino.

Simungafunikire kuyesedwa kwa cholesterol ambiri ngati cholesterol yanu ili motere.

LDL cholesterol nthawi zina amatchedwa "woyipa" cholesterol. LDL ikhoza kutseka mitsempha yanu.

Mukufuna kuti LDL yanu ikhale yotsika. LDL yochuluka imagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a mtima ndi kupwetekedwa mtima.

LDL yanu nthawi zambiri imawonedwa kuti ndiyokwera kwambiri ngati ili ndi 190 mg / dL kapena kupitilira apo.

Mipata pakati pa 70 ndi 189 mg / dL (3.9 ndi 10.5 mmol / l) nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati yayikulu kwambiri ngati:

• Muli ndi matenda ashuga ndipo muli azaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 75
• Muli ndi matenda ashuga komanso chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima
• Muli ndi chiopsezo chapakati kapena chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima
• Muli ndi matenda amtima, mbiri ya sitiroko, kapena kusayenda bwino kwa miyendo yanu

Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala akhala akukhazikitsa chandamale cha cholesterol yanu ya LDL ngati mukumupatsa mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol.

• Malangizo ena atsopano tsopano akuwonetsa kuti operekera safunikanso kuloza nambala inayake ya cholesterol yanu ya LDL. Mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Komabe, malangizo ena amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito zolunjika.

Mukufuna kuti cholesterol yanu ya HDL ikhale yokwera. Kafukufuku wa abambo ndi amai awonetsa kuti kukwera kwa HDL kwanu, kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chamatenda amitsempha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake HDL nthawi zina imadziwika kuti cholesterol "chabwino".

Mafuta a cholesterol a HDL opitilira 40 mpaka 60 mg / dL (2.2 mpaka 3.3 mmol / l) amafunidwa.

VLDL imakhala ndi triglycerides yochuluka kwambiri. VLDL imawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wa cholesterol woyipa, chifukwa imathandiza kuti cholesterol izikhala pamakoma a mitsempha.

Mulingo wabwinobwino wa VLDL umachokera ku 2 mpaka 30 mg / dL (0.1 mpaka 1.7 mmol / l).

Nthawi zina, mafuta m'thupi lanu amakhala otsika kwambiri kuti omwe amakupatsani sangakufunseni kuti musinthe zakudya kapena kumwa mankhwala aliwonse.

Zotsatira zoyesa mafuta m'thupi; Zotsatira za mayeso a LDL; Zotsatira za mayeso a VLDL; Zotsatira za mayeso a HDL; Zotsatira za Coronary zowopsa; Hyperlipidemia-zotsatira; Lipid zotsatira za mayeso; Matenda a mtima - zotsatira za cholesterol

• Cholesterol

Bungwe la American Diabetes Association. 10. Matenda amtima ndi kuwongolera zoopsa: miyezo ya chithandizo chamankhwala ashuga-2020. Chisamaliro cha shuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S111-S134. PMID: 31862753 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31862753.

Fox CS, Golden SH, Anderson C, ndi al. Zatsopano popewa matenda amtima mwa akulu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri chifukwa cha umboni waposachedwa: Scientific Statement Yochokera ku American Heart Association ndi American Diabetes Association. Kuzungulira. 2015; 132 (8): 691-718. PMID: 26246173 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26246173.

Gennest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein matenda ndi matenda amtima. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Grundy SM, Mwala NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA Malangizo pa kasamalidwe ka mafuta m'thupi: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines . J Ndine Coll Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24): e285-e350.2018. PMID: 30423393 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30423393. (Adasankhidwa)

Kuyeza kwa Rohatgi A. Lipid. Mu: de Lemos JA, Omland T, olemba. Matenda Aakulu a Mitsempha Yam'mimba: Mgwirizano ndi Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 8.

• Cholesterol
• Mulingo wa Cholesterol: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa
• HDL: Cholesterol "Chabwino"
• LDL: Cholesterol "Choipa"