Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi

Cholesterol ndi mafuta (amatchedwanso lipid) omwe thupi lanu liyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera. Cholesterol yoyipa kwambiri imatha kukulitsa mwayi wopeza matenda amtima, stroke, ndi mavuto ena.

Mawu azachipatala a cholesterol yamagazi ambiri ndi lipid disorder, hyperlipidemia, kapena hypercholesterolemia.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya cholesterol. Omwe akukambidwa kwambiri ndi awa:

• Cholesterol chonse - ma cholesterols onse ophatikizidwa
• Kuchulukitsitsa kwa lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol - yomwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "wabwino" cholesterol
• Mafuta otsika a lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol - omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "oyipa" cholesterol

Kwa anthu ambiri, milingo yachilendo ya cholesterol imachitika chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wopanda thanzi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Zina mwazomwe zimakhalira ndi:

• Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Matenda ena amathanso kuyambitsa cholesterol yachilendo, kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a shuga
• Matenda a impso
• Matenda a Polycystic ovary
• Mimba ndi zina zomwe zimawonjezera mahomoni achikazi
• Chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito

Mankhwala monga mapiritsi ena oletsa kubereka, okodzetsa (mapiritsi amadzi), beta-blockers, ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kukhumudwa amathanso kukweza mafuta m'thupi. Matenda angapo omwe amaperekedwa kudzera m'mabanja amatsogolera ku cholesterol chosazolowereka komanso milingo ya triglyceride. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Wodziwika kuphatikiza hyperlipidemia
• Odwala dysbetalipoproteinemia
• Wodziwika bwino wa hypercholesterolemia
• Wodziwika bwino wa hypertriglyceridemia

Kusuta sikumayambitsa cholesterol yambiri, koma kumachepetsa cholesterol chanu cha HDL (chabwino).

Kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kuti mupeze vuto la lipid. Akatswiri osiyanasiyana amalimbikitsa zaka zoyambira zosiyana kwa akulu.

• Mibadwo yoyambira yolimbikitsidwa ili pakati pa 20 mpaka 35 kwa amuna ndi 20 mpaka 45 kwa akazi.
• Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yoyenera sayenera kuyesedwa kangapo kwa zaka 5.
• Bwerezerani kuyesa posachedwa ngati zosintha zachitika m'moyo (kuphatikiza kunenepa ndi zakudya).
• Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya cholesterol, shuga, impso, matenda amtima, ndi zina amafunika kuyesedwa pafupipafupi.

Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti mukhazikitse zolinga zanu za cholesterol. Malangizo atsopano amalepheretsa madokotala kuti asagwiritse ntchito cholesterol. M'malo mwake, amalangiza mankhwala ndi mayeza osiyanasiyana kutengera mbiri ya munthu komanso mawonekedwe ake pachiwopsezo. Malangizowa amasintha nthawi ndi nthawi momwe zambiri kuchokera ku kafukufukuyu zimapezeka.

Zolinga zazikulu ndi izi:

• LDL: 70 mpaka 130 mg / dL (manambala apansi ali bwino)
• HDL: Oposa 50 mg / dL (manambala apamwamba ali bwino)
• Cholesterol chonse: Osakwana 200 mg / dL (manambala apansi ali bwino)
• Triglycerides: 10 mpaka 150 mg / dL (manambala apansi ali bwino)

Ngati zotsatira za mafuta m'thupi mwanu sizachilendo, mungakhalenso ndi mayeso ena monga:

• Mayeso a shuga wamagazi (glucose) kuti ayang'ane matenda ashuga
• Ntchito ya impso
• Chithokomiro chimayesa ntchito kuti ayang'ane chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito

Zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse cholesterol yanu ndikuthandizira kupewa matenda amtima komanso matenda amtima ndi awa:

• Siyani kusuta. Uku ndikusintha kwakukulu komwe mungapange kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda amtima ndi kupwetekedwa mtima.
• Idyani zakudya zomwe mwachilengedwe mafuta alibe. Izi zimaphatikizapo mbewu zonse, zipatso, ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
• Gwiritsani zokometsera zamafuta ochepa, msuzi, ndi mavalidwe.
• Pewani zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Kuchepetsa thupi ngati muli wonenepa kwambiri.

Wothandizira anu angafune kuti mutenge mankhwala a cholesterol yanu ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikugwira ntchito. Izi zitengera:

• Zaka zanu
• Kaya muli ndi matenda a mtima, matenda ashuga, kapena mavuto ena amtundu wa magazi
• Kaya mumasuta kapena ndinu onenepa kwambiri
• Kaya muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena matenda ashuga

Muyenera kuti mumafuna mankhwala kuti muchepetse mafuta m'thupi:

• Ngati muli ndi matenda amtima kapena matenda ashuga
• Ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima (ngakhale mulibe mavuto amtima)
• Ngati LDL cholesterol yanu ndi 190 mg / dL kapena kupitilira apo

Pafupifupi aliyense akhoza kulandira maubwino azaumoyo kuchokera ku LDL cholesterol yomwe ndi yotsika kuposa 160 mpaka 190 mg / dL.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Statins ndi mtundu umodzi wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol ndipo zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimachepetsa mwayi wamatenda amtima. Mankhwala ena amapezeka ngati chiopsezo chanu ndi chachikulu ndipo ma statin samachepetsa kuchuluka kwama cholesterol mokwanira. Izi zikuphatikizapo ezetimibe ndi PCSK9 inhibitors.

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumatha kubweretsa kuuma kwa mitsempha, yotchedwanso atherosclerosis. Izi zimachitika mafuta, cholesterol, ndi zinthu zina zikakhazikika m'makoma a mitsempha ndikupanga zolimba zotchedwa zikwangwani.

Popita nthawi, zolembazi zimatha kutseka mitsempha ndikuyambitsa matenda amtima, stroko, ndi zizindikilo kapena zovuta zina mthupi lonse.

Zovuta zomwe zimadutsa m'mabanja nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwama cholesterol omwe ndi ovuta kuwongolera.

Cholesterol - wokwera; Lipid matenda; Hyperlipoproteinemia; Hyperlipidemia; Kuchepa kwa magazi; Matenda osokoneza bongo

• Angina - kumaliseche
• Angioplasty ndi stent - mtima - kutulutsa
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Aspirin ndi matenda amtima
• Kukhala wachangu mutadwala matenda amtima
• Kukhala achangu mukakhala ndi matenda amtima
• Batala, majarini, ndi mafuta ophikira
• Catheterization yamtima - kutulutsa
• Cholesterol ndi moyo
• Cholesterol - mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Cholesterol - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Kulamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Matenda ashuga - kupewa matenda amtima komanso kupwetekedwa mtima
• Mafuta azakudya anafotokoza
• Malangizo achangu
• Matenda a mtima - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni ya mtima - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni yamtima - yotulutsa pang'ono - kutulutsa
• Matenda a mtima - zoopsa
• Mtima kulephera - madzi ndi okodzetsa
• Kulephera kwa mtima - kuwunika nyumba
• Mtima pacemaker - kutulutsa
• Momwe mungawerenge zolemba za chakudya
• Zakudya zamcherecherere
• Zakudya zaku Mediterranean
• Sitiroko - kumaliseche
• Lembani 2 matenda ashuga - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Opanga cholesterol
• Mitsempha ya Coronary
• Cholesterol
• Kukula kwa atherosclerosis

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein zovuta ndi matenda amtima. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Grundy SM, Mwala NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA malangizo othandizira kasamalidwe ka mafuta m'thupi: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines . J Ndine Coll Cardiol. Chidwi. 2019; 73 (24); e285-e350. PMID: 30423393 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423393/.

Robinson JG. Matenda amadzimadzi amadzimadzi. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 195.

US Preventive Services Task Force ndemanga yomaliza. Statin amagwiritsira ntchito njira yoyamba yopewera matenda amtima mwa akulu: mankhwala othandizira. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/statin-use-in-adult-preventive-medication. Idasinthidwa Novembala 13, 2016. Idapezeka pa February 24, 2020.

Ntchito Yoteteza ku US; Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, ndi al. Kuwunika kwa zovuta zamadzimadzi mwa ana ndi achinyamata: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 316 (6): 625-633. PMID: 27532917 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532917/.