Nyamakazi

Osteoarthritis (OA) ndimatenda ofananirana kwambiri. Ndi chifukwa cha ukalamba komanso kuvala palimodzi.

Cartilage ndi minofu yolimba, yoluka yomwe imamangirira mafupa anu kumalumikizidwe. Amalola kuti mafupa aziyenda motsutsana. Nthendayi ikawonongeka ndikutha, mafupa amalumikizana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kupweteka, kutupa, ndi kuuma kwa OA.

Pamene OA imakulirakulira, mafupa amatha kapena mafupa owonjezera amatha kupanga mozungulira olumikizanawo. Mitsempha ndi minofu kuzungulira cholumikizira imatha kukhala yofooka komanso yolimba.

Asanakwanitse zaka 55, OA imachitika chimodzimodzi mwa amuna ndi akazi. Pambuyo pa zaka 55, zimakhala zofala kwambiri mwa amayi.

Zinthu zinanso zingayambitse OA.

• OA imakonda kuthamanga m'mabanja.
• Kulemera kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha OA m'chiuno, bondo, bondo, ndi mapazi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kulemera kowonjezera kumapangitsa kufooka.
• Kuphulika kapena kuvulala kwamagulu kumodzi kumatha kubweretsa OA pambuyo pake. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuvulala kwamatenda ndi mitsempha yamagulu anu.
• Ntchito zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwada kapena kuphwanya nthawi yopitilira ola limodzi patsiku, kapena kukweza, kukwera masitepe, kapena kuyenda kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha OA.
• Kusewera masewera omwe amakhudza molumikizana (mpira), kupotoza (basketball kapena mpira), kapena kuponyera kumawonjezeranso chiopsezo cha OA.

Matenda omwe angayambitse OA kapena zizindikilo zofanana ndi OA ndi awa:

• Kutaya magazi komwe kumayambitsa magazi palimodzi, monga hemophilia
• Zovuta zomwe zimatseka magazi pafupi ndi cholumikizira ndipo zimayambitsa kufa kwa mafupa (avascular necrosis)
• Mitundu ina ya nyamakazi, monga gout wa nthawi yayitali, pseudogout, kapena nyamakazi

Zizindikiro za OA nthawi zambiri zimawoneka mukamakula. Pafupifupi aliyense amakhala ndi zizindikilo za OA ali ndi zaka 70.

Kupweteka ndi kuuma m'malumikizidwe ndizizindikiro zofala kwambiri. Ululu nthawi zambiri umakhala woipa:

• Mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Mukaika kulemera kapena kupanikizika palimodzi
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito olowa

Ndi OA, malo anu akhoza kukhala olimba komanso ovuta kuyenda pakapita nthawi. Mutha kuwona kusisita, grating, kapena phokoso laphokoso mukasuntha cholumikizira.

"Kuuma m'mawa" kumatanthauza kupweteka ndi kuuma komwe mumamva mukadzuka m'mawa. Kuuma chifukwa cha OA nthawi zambiri kumatenga mphindi 30 kapena kuchepa. Itha kupitilira mphindi 30 ngati kulumikizana kuli kutupa. Nthawi zambiri bwino pambuyo ntchito, kulola olowa kuti "konzekera."

Masana, kupweteka kumatha kukulirakulira mukamagwira ntchito ndikumva bwino mukamapuma. Pamene OA ikuipiraipira, mutha kukhala ndi ululu ngakhale mutapuma. Ndipo ikhoza kukudzutsani usiku.

Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikilo, ngakhale ma x-ray akuwonetsa kusintha kwa OA.

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufunsani ndikufunsani za matenda anu. Mayeso atha kuwonetsa:

• Kuyenda kolumikizana komwe kumayambitsa phokoso (grating) phokoso, lotchedwa kukoka
• Kutupa kofanana (mafupa ozungulira mafupipafupi amatha kumva kukhala okulirapo kuposa zachilendo)
• Kuyenda kocheperako
• Chikondi pamene cholumikizira chikanikizidwa
• Kusuntha kwanthawi zonse kumakhala kopweteka

Kuyezetsa magazi sikothandiza pozindikira OA. Amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufunafuna njira zina, monga nyamakazi kapena gout.

X-ray mwina iwonetsa:

• Kutaya malo olowa
• Kuvala kumapeto kwa fupa
• Mafupa amatuluka
• Bony amasintha pafupi ndi cholumikizira, chotchedwa subchondral cysts

OA singachiritsidwe, koma zizindikiro za OA zimatha kuwongoleredwa. OA imakula kwambiri pakapita nthawi ngakhale mayendedwe omwe izi zimachitika zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu.

Mutha kuchitidwa opaleshoni, koma mankhwala ena amatha kusintha ululu wanu ndikupangitsa kuti moyo wanu ukhale bwino. Ngakhale mankhwalawa sangapangitse kuti OA ichoke, nthawi zambiri amatha kuchedwa kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena kupangitsa kuti zizindikilo zanu zizikhala zofatsa kuti zisayambitse mavuto.

MANKHWALA

Mankhwala owonjezera owonjezera (OTC), monga acetaminophen (Tylenol) kapena mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito zotupa (NSAID) atha kuthandizira zizindikiritso za OA. Mutha kugula mankhwalawa popanda mankhwala.

Ndibwino kuti musamamwe mafuta opitilira 3 magalamu (3,000 mg) patsiku. Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanatenge acetaminophen. Ma OSA NSAID amaphatikizapo aspirin, ibuprofen, ndi naproxen. Ma NSAID ena angapo amapezeka pamankhwala. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanatenge NSAID pafupipafupi.

Duloxetine (Cymbalta) ndi mankhwala akuchipatala omwe amathanso kuthandizira kuthana ndi ululu wanthawi yayitali wokhudzana ndi OA.

Majekeseni a mankhwala a steroid nthawi zambiri amapereka phindu locheperako pakatikati pakumva kupweteka kwa OA.

Zowonjezera zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi izi:

• Mapiritsi, monga glucosamine ndi chondroitin sulphate
• Kirimu wa khungu wa Capsaicin wothandizira kupweteka

ZINTHU ZIMASINTHA

Kukhalabe olimbikira ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuyendetsa limodzi. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akulimbikitseni kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kukutumizirani kwa othandizira. Zochita zamadzi, monga kusambira, nthawi zambiri zimathandiza.

Malangizo ena amoyo ndi awa:

• Kutentha kapena kuzizira kulumikizana
• Kudya zakudya zabwino
• Kupuma mokwanira
• Kuchepetsa thupi ngati muli wonenepa kwambiri
• Kuteteza mafupa anu kuvulala

Ngati ululu wochokera ku OA ukuwonjezeka, kutsatira zochita kumatha kukhala kovuta kapena kopweteka. Kupanga zosintha pakhomopo kungathandize kuthana ndi ziwalo zanu kuti muchepetse zowawa. Ngati ntchito yanu ikupangitsa kupanikizika pamagulu ena, mungafunike kusintha malo ogwirira ntchito kapena kusintha ntchito.

CHITHANDIZO CHA THUPI

Thandizo lakuthupi lingathandize kukulitsa mphamvu ya minofu ndi kuyenda kwa malo olimba komanso kulimbitsa thupi. Ngati mankhwala samakupangitsani kumva bwino pakadutsa milungu 6 mpaka 12, ndiye kuti mwina sangakhale othandiza.

Chithandizo cha kutikita minofu chitha kupewetsa kupweteka kwakanthawi, koma sichisintha njira zoyambira za OA. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwira ntchito ndi wololeza wololeza yemwe ali ndi luso logwira ntchito pamagulu azovuta.

NTHAWI

Zitsulo ndi zolimba zimathandizira kuthandizira mafupa ofooka. Mitundu ina imachepetsa kapena kulepheretsa cholumikizacho kusuntha. Ena amatha kusinthana ndi gawo limodzi lolumikizana. Gwiritsani ntchito zolimba pokhapo ngati dokotala kapena wothandizirayo akuvomerezani. Kugwiritsa ntchito brace m'njira yolakwika kumatha kupangitsa kulumikizana molimba, kuuma, ndi kupweteka.

MACHITIDWE ACHINSINSI

Kutema mphini ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe achi China. Amaganiziridwa kuti masingano obowola pobowola pakhosi akakhazikitsa mfundo zina m'thupi, mankhwala omwe amaletsa kupweteka amamasulidwa. Kutema mphini kumatha kupereka mpumulo waukulu kwa OA.

Yoga ndi Tai chi awonetsanso phindu lalikulu pochiza ululu wochokera ku OA.

S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe, yotchedwa "Sammy") ndi mtundu wopangidwa ndi mankhwala amthupi m'thupi. Zingathandize kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka.

KUGWIDWA

Matenda oopsa a OA angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti asinthe kapena kukonzanso ziwalo zomwe zawonongeka. Zosankha ndizo:

• Kuchita ma Arthroscopic kuti achepetse khunyu yong'ambika
• Kusintha kufanana kwa fupa kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwamafupa kapena olowa (osteotomy)
• Kusakanikirana kwa mafupa, nthawi zambiri mumsana (arthrodesis)
• Kuphatikizira kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa cholumikizira chowonongeka chophatikizira chophatikizira (kusintha bondo, kusintha kwa m'chiuno, kulowetsa m'mapewa, bondo m'malo mwake, ndikusintha chigongono)

Mabungwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nyamakazi ndizothandiza kuti mumve zambiri za OA.

Kuyenda kwanu kumatha kuchepa pakapita nthawi. Kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga ukhondo, ntchito zapakhomo, kapena kuphika kungakhale kovuta. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimagwira ntchito.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za OA zomwe zikuipiraipira.

Yesetsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito molumikizana ndi zopweteka kuntchito kapena pazochitika. Khalani ndi thupi labwino. Limbikitsani minofu yolumikizira mafupa anu, makamaka yolumikizira (bondo, chiuno, kapena bondo).

Hypertrophic nyamakazi; Kufooka kwa mafupa; Osachiritsika olowa matenda; DJD; OA; Nyamakazi - nyamakazi

• Kukonzanso kwa ACL - kutulutsa
• Kumalo kwa kumwendo - kumaliseche
• Chigoba chakumaso - kutulutsa
• M'chiuno kapena m'malo mwa bondo - pambuyo - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• M'chiuno kapena m'malo mwa bondo - musanayankhe - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• M'chiuno m'malo - kumaliseche
• Phewa m'malo - kumaliseche
• Opaleshoni yamapewa - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni ya msana - kutulutsa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito phewa lanu mutachitidwa opaleshoni ina
• Kugwiritsa ntchito phewa lanu mutatha opaleshoni

• Nyamakazi
• Nyamakazi

Kolasinski SL, Neogi T, Hochberg MC, ndi al. Malangizo a 2019 American College of Rheumatology / Arthritis Foundation for Management of Osteoarthritis pamanja, mchiuno, ndi bondo. Kusamalira Matenda a Nyamakazi (Hoboken). Chizindikiro. 2020; 72 (2): 149-162. PMID: 31908149 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31908149/.

Kraus VB, Vincent TL. Nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 246.

Misra D, Kumar D, Neogi T. Chithandizo cha mafupa. Mu: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, Koretzky GA, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, olemba. Buku la Firestein & Kelly la Rheumatology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 106.