Matenda ochepa osintha

Matenda ochepera kusintha ndi vuto la impso lomwe lingayambitse matenda a nephrotic. Nephrotic syndrome ndi gulu lazizindikiro zomwe zimaphatikizapo mapuloteni mumkodzo, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni m'magazi, kuchuluka kwama cholesterol, kuchuluka kwa triglyceride, ndi kutupa.

Impso iliyonse imapangidwa ndimayunitsi opitilira 1 miliyoni otchedwa nephrons, omwe amafinya magazi ndikupanga mkodzo.

Pakusintha kochepa kwa matenda, pali kuwonongeka kwa glomeruli. Awa ndi timitsempha tating'onoting'ono ta magazi mkati mwa nephron momwe magazi amafinyidwa kuti apange mkodzo ndi zonyansa zimachotsedwa. Matendawa amatchedwa dzina chifukwa kuwonongeka uku sikuwoneka pansi pa maikulosikopu wamba. Ikhoza kuwonedwa pansi pa microscope yamphamvu kwambiri yotchedwa microscope ya electron.

Matenda ochepera kusintha ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda a nephrotic mwa ana. Amawonekeranso mwa akulu omwe ali ndi nephrotic syndrome, koma siofala kwenikweni.

Choyambitsa sichikudziwika, koma matendawa amatha pambuyo pake kapena chifukwa chokhudzana ndi:

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana
• Kugwiritsa ntchito ma NSAID
• Zotupa
• Katemera (chimfine ndi pneumococcal, ngakhale ndizochepa)
• Matenda opatsirana

Pakhoza kukhala zizindikilo za nephrotic syndrome, kuphatikiza:

• Kuwonekera kwamatope mkodzo
• Kulakalaka kudya
• Kutupa (makamaka mozungulira maso, mapazi, ndi akakolo, komanso m'mimba)
• Kunenepa (kuchokera posungira madzi)

Matenda ochepa osintha samachepetsa mkodzo wopangidwa. Nthawi zambiri zimayamba kufooka kwa impso.

Wothandizira zaumoyo sangathe kuwona zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa, kupatula kutupa. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi mkodzo kumawulula zizindikilo za nephrotic syndrome, kuphatikiza:

• Cholesterol wokwera
• Mapuloteni apamwamba mumkodzo
• Magulu otsika a albin m'magazi

Kufufuza kwa impso ndikuwunika minofu yomwe ili ndi maikulosikopu yamagetsi kumatha kuwonetsa zizindikiritso za matenda ochepa.

Mankhwala otchedwa corticosteroids amatha kuchiritsa matenda ochepera mwa ana ambiri. Ana ena angafunikire kukhalabe pa steroids kuti matenda asadzabwerere.

Steroids ndi othandiza kwa akulu, koma makamaka kwa ana. Akuluakulu amatha kubwereranso pafupipafupi ndipo amadalira ma steroids.

Ngati ma steroids sagwira ntchito, woperekayo anganene mankhwala ena.

Kutupa kumatha kuthandizidwa ndi:

• Mankhwala a ACE inhibitor
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Odzetsa (mapiritsi amadzi)

Muthanso kuuzidwa kuti muchepetse mchere womwe mumadya.

Ana nthawi zambiri amayankha bwino ku corticosteroids kuposa achikulire. Ana nthawi zambiri amayankha mwezi woyamba.

Kubwereranso kumatha kuchitika. Vutoli limatha kusintha pambuyo pothandizidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi corticosteroids ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo cha mthupi (ma immunosuppressants).

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi zizindikilo zosintha pang'ono
• Muli ndi matendawa ndipo zizindikilo zanu zimaipiraipira
• Mumakhala ndi zisonyezo zatsopano, kuphatikiza zoyipa zamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi vutoli

Kusintha kochepa nephrotic syndrome; Nil matenda; Lipoid nephrosis; Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome yaubwana

• Glomerulus ndi nephron

Appel GB, Radhakrishnan J, D'Agati VD. Matenda achiwiri a glomerular. Mu: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, olemba. Brenner ndi Rector a Impso. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 32.

Matenda a Erkan E. Nephrotic. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 545.