Chitetezo cha mthupi cha thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) ndimatenda akumwa omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimawononga ma platelet, omwe amafunikira kuti magazi aziundana bwino. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi magazi m'magazi ochepa.

ITP imachitika pamene maselo ena amthupi amatulutsa ma antibodies olimbana ndi ma platelet. Maselateleti amathandiza magazi kuundana mwanu polumikizana kuti titseke mabowo ang'onoang'ono m'mitsempha yamagazi yowonongeka.

Ma antibodies amalumikizana ndi ma platelet. Thupi limawononga ma platelet omwe amanyamula ma antibodies.

Kwa ana, matendawa nthawi zina amatsatira kachilombo ka HIV. Kwa akuluakulu, nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala a nthawi yayitali ndipo amatha kuchitika pambuyo poti matenda ali ndi kachilombo, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, ali ndi pakati, kapena ngati gawo limodzi la matenda amthupi.

ITP imakhudza amayi nthawi zambiri kuposa amuna. Amakonda kwambiri ana kuposa achikulire. Kwa ana, matendawa amakhudza anyamata ndi atsikana mofanana.

Zizindikiro za ITP zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Nthawi zolemetsa kwambiri mwa akazi
• Kutuluka magazi pakhungu, nthawi zambiri kuzungulira ma shins, kuchititsa kuphulika pakhungu komwe kumawoneka ngati malo ofiira (petechial rash)
• Kuvulaza kosavuta
• Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno kapena kutuluka magazi mkamwa

Kuyezetsa magazi kudzachitika kuti muwone kuchuluka kwamagazi.

Cholinga cha mafuta m'mafupa kapena biopsy amathanso kuchitidwa.

Kwa ana, matendawa amatha popanda chithandizo. Ana ena angafunikire chithandizo.

Akuluakulu amayamba ndi mankhwala a steroid otchedwa prednisone kapena dexamethasone. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu (splenectomy) imalimbikitsidwa. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma platelet mu pafupifupi theka la anthu. Komabe, mankhwala ena azachipatala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa m'malo mwake.

Ngati matendawa sakupeza bwino ndi prednisone, mankhwala ena atha kukhala:

• Kulowetsedwa kwa gamma globulin (yoteteza thupi)
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Chithandizo cha anti-RhD kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu ina yamagazi
• Mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mafupa apange mafupa ambiri

Anthu omwe ali ndi ITP sayenera kumwa aspirin, ibuprofen, kapena warfarin, chifukwa mankhwalawa amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a magazi kapena magazi kugundana, ndipo kutuluka magazi kumatha kuchitika.

Zambiri ndi chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ITP ndi mabanja awo amapezeka ku:

• pdsa.org/patients-caregivers/support-resource.html

Ndi chithandizo, mwayi wokhululukidwa (nthawi yopanda chizindikiro) ndi wabwino. Nthawi zambiri, ITP imatha kukhala yayitali kwa akulu ndikuwonekeranso, ngakhale itakhala yopanda chizindikiro.

Kutaya mwazi mwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa mwadzidzidzi kumachitika. Kutuluka magazi muubongo kumatha kuchitika.

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati mwazi ukutuluka kwambiri, kapena ngati pali zina zatsopano.

ITP; Thrombocytopenia chitetezo; Kutaya magazi - idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; Kusokonezeka kwa magazi - ITP; Kudziyimira panokha - ITP; Kuwerengera kwaplatelet - ITP

• Maselo amwazi

Abrams CS. Thrombocytopenia. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 163.

Arnold DM, MP wa Zeller, Smith JW, Nazy I.Matenda a nambala ya platelet: Immune thrombocytopenia, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, ndi posttransfusion purpura. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 131.