Malungo a mapiri a Rocky

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amakhala ndi nkhupakupa.

RMSF imayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriyaRickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsii), yomwe imanyamulidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Mabakiteriya amafalikira kwa anthu kudzera mwa kulumidwa ndi nkhupakupa.

Kumadzulo kwa United States, mabakiteriya amanyamulidwa ndi nkhuku. Kum'maŵa kwa US, amanyamulidwa ndi nkhuku. Nkhupakupa zina zimafalitsa matendawa kumwera kwa US komanso ku Central ndi South America.

Mosiyana ndi dzina loti "Rocky Mountain," milandu yaposachedwa kwambiri yafotokozedwa kum'mawa kwa US. Mayiko akuphatikiza North ndi South Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, Tennessee, ndi Oklahoma. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mchaka ndi chilimwe ndipo zimapezeka mwa ana.

Zowopsa zimaphatikizapo kukwera kumene kwaposachedwa kapena kupezeka kwa nkhupakupa m'dera lomwe matendawa amadziwika kuti amapezeka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sichimatha kupatsira munthu nkhupakupa kamene kamamatira kwa maola 20. Pafupifupi 1 mwa nkhuni ndi agalu 1,000 okha ndiomwe amakhala ndi mabakiteriya. Mabakiteriya amathanso kupatsira anthu omwe aphwanya nkhupakupa zomwe achotsa ku ziweto ndi zala zawo.

Zizindikiro zimayamba pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena 14 nthata yakuluma. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kuzizira ndi malungo
• Kusokonezeka
• Mutu
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Ziphuphu - nthawi zambiri zimayamba masiku angapo kutentha thupi; koyamba kumawoneka pamanja ndi akakolo ngati mawanga omwe ali 1 mpaka 5 mm m'mimba mwake, kenako amafalikira kumthupi lonse. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo sapeza zotupa.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi matendawa:

• Kutsekula m'mimba
• Kuzindikira kuwala
• Ziwerengero
• Kutaya njala
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Ludzu

Wothandizira zaumoyo amayeza thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikilozo.

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Mutu wa antibody mwakuthandizira kukonza kapena immunofluorescence
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Ntchito ya impso
• Nthawi yapadera ya thromboplastin (PTT)
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin (PT)
• Khungu lachikopa lotengedwa pakhungu kuti lifufuze R rickettsii
• Kuthira urinal kuyesa magazi kapena mapuloteni mkodzo

Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mosamala nkhupakupa pakhungu. Kuti muchotse matendawa, muyenera kumwa maantibayotiki monga doxycycline kapena tetracycline. Amayi apakati nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa chloramphenicol.

Chithandizochi chimachiritsa matendawa. Pafupifupi 3% ya anthu omwe amadwala matendawa amwalira.

Akapanda kuchiritsidwa, matendawa amatha kudwala monga:

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• Mavuto otseka
• Mtima kulephera
• Impso kulephera
• Kulephera kwa mapapo
• Meningitis
• Pneumonitis (kutupa m'mapapo)
• Chodabwitsa

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukudwala matendawa mukangoyamba kumene. Zovuta za RMSF yosalandiridwa nthawi zambiri zimawopseza moyo.

Mukamayenda kapena kukwera madera okhala ndi nkhupakupa, lowetsani mathalauza ataliatali m'masokosi kuti muteteze miyendo. Valani nsapato ndi malaya amanja. Nkhupakupa ziwonekera pamitundu yoyera kapena yowala bwino kuposa mitundu yakuda, kuwapangitsa kuti azitha kuwona ndikuchotsa.

Chotsani nkhupakupa nthawi yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito zofinya, kukoka mosamala komanso mosasunthika. Kuthamangitsa tizilombo titha kukhala kothandiza. Chifukwa nkhuku zochepa kuposa 1% zimakhala ndi matendawa, maantibayotiki samaperekedwa pambuyo pong'onong'ono.

Kutentha thupi

• Mathanthwe okhala ndi mapiri amiyala - zotupa padzanja
• Nkhupakupa
• Mapiri amiyala amaonera malungo padzanja
• Chongani ophatikizidwa mu khungu
• Phiri lamiyala lidawona malungo kumapazi
• Malungo a Rocky Mountain - zotupa zazing'ono
• Ma antibodies
• Mphalapala ndi nkhuku galu

Blanton LS, Walker DH. Rickettsia rickettsii ndi ena omwe ali ndi malungo a rickettsiae (Rocky Mountain omwe amawoneka ndi malungo ndi zina zotentha). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 186.

Bolgiano EB, matenda a Sexton J. Tickborne. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 126.