Tardive dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza kuyenda kosafunikira. Tardive amatanthauza kuchedwa ndipo dyskinesia amatanthauza kuyenda kosazolowereka.

TD ndi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mukamamwa mankhwala otchedwa neuroleptics. Mankhwalawa amatchedwanso antipsychotic kapena ma tranquilizers akuluakulu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mavuto amisala.

TD nthawi zambiri imachitika mukamamwa mankhwalawa kwa miyezi kapena zaka zambiri. Nthawi zina, zimachitika mukawatenga kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.

Mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matendawa ndi achikulire antipsychotic, kuphatikiza:

• Chlorpromazine
• Fluphenazine
• Haloperidol
• Perphenazine
• Zowonjezera
• Thioridazine
• Trifluoperazine

Ma antipsychotic atsopano amawoneka kuti sangayambitse TD, koma alibe chiopsezo.

Mankhwala ena omwe angayambitse TD ndi awa:

• Metoclopramide (imathandizira vuto la m'mimba lotchedwa gastroparesis)
• Mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa monga amitriptyline, fluoxetine, phenelzine, sertraline, trazodone
• Mankhwala a Anti-Parkinson monga levodopa
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu monga phenobarbital ndi phenytoin

Zizindikiro za TD zimaphatikizapo kuyenda kosalamulirika kwa nkhope ndi thupi monga:

• Kuyang'ana nkhope (komwe kumakhudza minofu yakumaso pang'ono)
• Kuyenda kwa zala (kuyenda kwa piyano)
• Kugwedeza kapena kutambasula m'chiuno (chofanana ndi bakha)
• Nsagwada zikugwedezeka
• Kutafuna mobwerezabwereza
• Diso lofulumira likuphethira
• Lilime likuphulika
• Kusakhazikika

TD ikapezeka, wothandizira zaumoyo angakuimitseni pang'onopang'ono mankhwalawo kapena kusinthana ndi kwina.

Ngati TD ndi yofatsa kapena yochepa, mankhwala osiyanasiyana akhoza kuyesedwa. Mankhwala othetsa dopamine, tetrabenazine ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa TD. Wothandizira anu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri za izi.

Ngati TD ili yayikulu kwambiri, njira yotchedwa DBS yolimbikitsira ubongo ingayesedwe. DBS imagwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kotchedwa neurostimulator kuti ipereke zikwangwani zamagetsi kumalo amubongo omwe amayendetsa kayendedwe.

Akapezeka msanga, TD imatha kusinthidwa ndikusiya mankhwala omwe adayambitsa zizindikirazo. Ngakhale mankhwala atayimitsidwa, mayendedwe osagwira ntchito atha kukhala okhazikika, ndipo nthawi zina, amatha kukulira.

TD; Matenda a Tardive; Orofacial dyskinesia; Kusagwirizana - tardive dyskinesia; Mankhwala oletsa antipsychotic - tardive dyskinesia; Mankhwala Neuroleptic - tardive dyskinesia; Schizophrenia - tardive dyskinesia

• Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje

Aronson JK. Mankhwala a Neuroleptic. Mu: Aronson JK, mkonzi. Zotsatira zoyipa za Meyler za Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo. Wolemba 16. Waltham, MA: Elsevier BV ;; 2016: 53-119.

Freudenreich O, Wosangalatsa AW. Odwala omwe ali ndi mayendedwe achilendo. Mu: Stern TA, Freudenreich O, Smith FA, Fricchione GL, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Buku la Massachusetts General Hospital la General Hospital Psychiatry. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 21.

Freudenreich O, Goff DC, Henderson DC. Mankhwala oletsa antipsychotic. Mu: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, olemba. Chipatala cha Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Wachiwiri ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 42.

Okun MS, Lang AE. Zovuta zina zoyenda. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 382.