Subacute kuphatikiza kuwonongeka

Subacute kuphatikiza kuchepa (SCD) ndimatenda a msana, ubongo, ndi mitsempha. Zimaphatikizapo kufooka, kumva zachilendo, mavuto amisala, komanso zovuta kuwona.

SCD imayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vitamini B12. Zimakhudza kwambiri msana. Koma zotsatira zake muubongo ndi zotumphukira (thupi) mitsempha ndizomwe zimapangitsa mawu oti "kuphatikiza." Poyamba, chophimba cha mitsempha (myelin sheath) chawonongeka. Pambuyo pake, khungu lonse lamitsempha limakhudzidwa.

Madokotala sakudziwa momwe kuchepa kwa vitamini B12 kumawonongera mitsempha. Ndizotheka kuti kusowa kwa vitaminiyu kumayambitsa mafuta achilendo achilengedwe kupanga mozungulira maselo ndi mitsempha.

Anthu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli ngati vitamini B12 sangathe kulowa m'matumbo awo kapena ngati ali:

• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komwe thupi limakhala opanda maselo ofiira okwanira okwanira
• Kusokonezeka kwa m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikizapo matenda a Crohn
• Mavuto akuyamwa michere, yomwe imatha kuchitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya m'mimba

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Zovuta zachilendo (kulira ndi kufooka)
• Kufooka kwa miyendo, mikono, kapena madera ena

Zizindikirozi zimangokulira pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimamvekera mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi.

Matendawa akamakulirakulira, zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kusakhazikika, kuwuma kapena kusuntha
• Sinthani mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe, monga zovuta zokumbukira, kukwiya, mphwayi, chisokonezo, kapena matenda amisala
• Kuchepetsa masomphenya
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kugona
• Kusakhazikika komanso kusakhazikika
• Kugwa chifukwa chokhazikika bwino

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Kuyesaku nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kufooka kwa minofu ndi zovuta zakumverera mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi, makamaka m'miyendo. Maondo opindika nthawi zambiri amachepetsedwa kapena kutayika. Minofu imatha kukhala yolimba. Pakhoza kukhala mphamvu zochepa zakukhudza, kupweteka, komanso kutentha.

Kusintha kwamaganizidwe kumayamba kuyambira kuyiwalako pang'ono mpaka kukhala ndi dementia yayikulu kapena psychosis. Matenda a dementia owopsa samadziwika, koma nthawi zina, chimakhala chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa.

Kuyezetsa diso kumatha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya optic, vuto lotchedwa optic neuritis. Zizindikiro za kutupa kwamitsempha zimawoneka pakuyesa kwa retinal. Pakhoza kukhalanso ndi mayankho achilendo a ophunzira, kusowa kwa masomphenya akuthwa, ndi zosintha zina.

Mayeso amwazi omwe atha kuphatikizidwa ndi awa:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Mulingo wamagazi wa Vitamini B12
• Magazi a Methylmalonic acid

Vitamini B12 imaperekedwa, nthawi zambiri jekeseni mu mnofu. Majekeseni amaperekedwa kamodzi patsiku kwa sabata, kenako sabata pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, kenako pamwezi. Mavitamini B12 owonjezera, mwina kudzera mu jakisoni kapena mapiritsi oyenera, amayenera kupitilirabe m'moyo wonse kuti zofooka zisabwerere.

Chithandizo cham'mbuyomu chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wabwino.

Momwe munthu amachitira bwino zimatengera kutalika kwa zomwe anali nazo asanalandire chithandizo. Ngati mankhwala alandiridwa mkati mwa masabata angapo, kuchira kwathunthu kumayembekezeredwa. Ngati mankhwala achedwa kupitirira miyezi 1 kapena 2, kuchira kwathunthu sikungatheke.

Osatengera, zotsatira za SCD zimapitilizabe kuwonongeka kwamanjenje.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati zovuta, kufooka kwa minofu, kapena zizindikilo zina za SCD zikuyamba. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati inu kapena wachibale wanu mwakhala mukudwala kuchepa kwa magazi kapena zoopsa zina.

Zakudya zina zamasamba, makamaka vegan, zitha kukhala ndi vitamini B12 wochepa. Kutenga chowonjezera kungathandize kupewa SCD.

Subacute kuphatikiza kwa msana; Zamgululi

• Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje
• Mitsempha yapakati

Pytel P, Anthony DC. Mitsempha ya m'mitsempha ndi mafupa a mafupa. Mu: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, olemba, eds. Ma Robbins ndi Matenda a Cotran Pathologic. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: mutu 27.

Chifukwa chake YT. Kulephera kwa matenda amanjenje. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 85.