Matenda osokoneza bongo

Matenda a ubongo (AVM) ndi kulumikizana kwachilendo pakati pamitsempha ndi mitsempha muubongo yomwe imakonda kupanga asanabadwe.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ubongo wa AVM sizidziwika. AVM imachitika pamene mitsempha muubongo imalumikizana molunjika ku mitsempha yapafupi popanda kukhala ndi zotengera zazing'ono zabwinobwino (capillaries) pakati pawo.

Ma AVM amasiyanasiyana kukula ndi malo muubongo.

Kuphulika kwa AVM kumachitika chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Izi zimalola magazi kutuluka (kukha mwazi) muubongo kapena minofu yoyandikana ndikuchepetsa magazi kulowa muubongo.

Cerebral AVM ndizosowa. Ngakhale vutoli limakhalapo pobadwa, zizindikilo zimatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Kung'ambika kumachitika nthawi zambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 20. Zitha kuchitika pambuyo pake m'moyo. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi AVM amakhalanso ndi zovuta zamaubongo.

Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi ma AVM, zizindikilo zoyambirira ndizomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi sitiroko yoyambitsidwa ndi kutuluka magazi muubongo.

Zizindikiro za AVM yomwe ikutuluka magazi ndi:

• Kusokonezeka
• Phokoso lamakutu / kulira (komwe kumatchedwanso pulsatile tinnitus)
• Mutu mu gawo limodzi kapena angapo amutu, ukhoza kuwoneka ngati mutu waching'alang'ala
• Mavuto kuyenda
• Kugwidwa

Zizindikiro chifukwa chapanikizika gawo limodzi laubongo ndi izi:

• Mavuto masomphenya
• Chizungulire
• Kufooka kwa minofu m'dera la thupi kapena nkhope
• Dzanzi m'dera la thupi

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakuyesani. Mudzafunsidwa za zizindikiro zanu, ndikuyang'ana mavuto anu amanjenje. Mayeso omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze AVM ndi awa:

• Angiogram yaubongo
• Ma kompyuta a tomography (CT) angiogram
• Mutu wa MRI
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Mutu wa CT
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

Kupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha AVM chomwe chimapezeka pamayeso ojambula, koma sichimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse, kungakhale kovuta. Wopereka wanu amakambirana nanu:

• Zowopsa kuti AVM yanu itseguke (kuphulika). Izi zikachitika, pakhoza kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kathupi.
• Kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa ubongo ngati muli ndi amodzi mwa ma opaleshoni omwe atchulidwa pansipa.

Wothandizira anu akhoza kukambirana zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingapangitse chiopsezo chanu chotaya magazi, kuphatikizapo:

• Mimba zapano kapena zomwe zakonzedwa
• Momwe AVM imawonekera pamayeso ojambula
• Kukula kwa AVM
• Zaka zanu
• Zizindikiro zanu

AVM yotuluka magazi ndi vuto lazachipatala. Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuteteza zovuta zina pakuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi ndi khunyu ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, kuchotsa AVM.

Mankhwala atatu opatsirana amapezeka. Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.

Opaleshoni yaubongo yotseguka imachotsa kulumikizana kwachilendo. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumachitika kudzera pachitseko chopangidwa ndi chigaza.

Kuphatikiza (chithandizo cham'mitsempha):

• Catheter imayendetsedwa kudzera pocheka pang'ono m'mimba mwanu. Amalowa mumtsempha kenako ndikulowa m'mitsempha yaying'ono yam'magazi anu momwe mumapezeka aneurysm.
• Katundu wonga guluu amalowetsedwa m'zombo zachilendo. Izi zimayimitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu AVM ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chotaya magazi. Ichi chitha kukhala chisankho choyamba chamitundu ina ya ma AVM, kapena ngati opaleshoni singachitike.

Ma radiosurgery opatsirana:

• Magetsi amayang'ana mwachindunji kudera la AVM. Izi zimayambitsa mabala ndi kuchepa kwa AVM ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chotaya magazi.
• Ndiwothandiza makamaka kuma AVM ang'ono mkati mwaubongo omwe ndi ovuta kuchotsa mwa opaleshoni.

Mankhwala oletsa khunyu amalembedwa ngati angafunike kutero.

Anthu ena, omwe chizindikiro chawo choyamba ndikutaya magazi kwambiri, adzafa.Ena atha kukhala ndi khunyu kosatha komanso mavuto amisala ndi ubongo. Ma AVM omwe samayambitsa zizindikilo anthu akafika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 40 kapena koyambirira kwa ma 50 amatha kukhala okhazikika, ndipo nthawi zambiri, amayambitsa zizindikilo.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• Kutaya magazi kwamkati
• Mavuto azilankhulo
• Kunjenjemera kwa gawo lililonse la nkhope kapena thupi
• Mutu wosalekeza
• Kugwidwa
• Kutaya magazi kwa Subarachnoid
• Masomphenya akusintha
• Madzi muubongo (hydrocephalus)
• Kufooka kwa gawo lina la thupi

Zovuta zomwe zingachitike pakuchitidwa opareshoni yaubongo ndi monga:

• Kutupa kwa ubongo
• Kutaya magazi
• Kulanda
• Sitiroko

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko (monga 911) ngati muli ndi:

• Dzanzi mbali zina za thupi
• Kugwidwa
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri
• Kusanza
• Kufooka
• Zizindikiro zina za AVM yophulika

Komanso pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukugwidwa koyamba, chifukwa AVM itha kukhala yoyambitsa.

AVM - ubongo; Magazi a hemangioma; Sitiroko - AVM; Sitiroko yotaya magazi - AVM

• Opaleshoni ya ubongo - kutulutsa
• Mutu - zomwe mufunse dokotala wanu
• Ma stereosactic radiosurgery - kutulutsa

• Mitsempha ya ubongo

Lazzaro MA, Zaidat OO. Mfundo zothandizila kupatsirana. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 56.

Ortega-Barnett J, Mohanty A, Desai SK, Patterson JT. Kuchita opaleshoni. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 67.

Stapf C. Makina obowoleza m'mitsempha ndi zovuta zina zam'mimba. Mu: Grotta JC, Albers GW, Broderick JP, et al, olemba. Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 30.