Zambiri mononeuropathy

Matenda a mononeuropathy angapo ndi vuto lamanjenje lomwe limakhudza kuwonongeka kwa magawo awiri amitsempha. Neuropathy amatanthauza kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha.

Kuchuluka kwa mononeuropathy ndi mtundu wa kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha umodzi kapena zingapo zotumphukira. Awa ndi misempha kunja kwa ubongo ndi msana. Ndi gulu lazizindikiro (matenda), osati matenda.

Komabe, matenda ena amatha kuyambitsa kuvulala kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha komwe kumabweretsa zizindikiritso zingapo za mononeuropathy. Zomwe zimachitika ndi monga:

• Matenda amtundu wamagazi monga polyarteritis nodosa
• Matenda olumikizana monga nyamakazi kapena systemic lupus erythematosus (chomwe chimayambitsa ana)
• Matenda a shuga

Zomwe zimayambitsa zochepa zimaphatikizapo:

• Amyloidosis, zomanga thupi zomanga thupi zamatenda ndi ziwalo
• Matenda amwazi (monga hypereosinophilia ndi cryoglobulinemia)
• Matenda monga matenda a Lyme, HIV / AIDS, kapena hepatitis
• Khate
• Sarcoidosis, kutupa kwa ma lymph node, mapapo, chiwindi, maso, khungu, kapena ziwalo zina
• Sjögren syndrome, matenda omwe glands omwe amatulutsa misozi ndi malovu amawonongeka
• Granulomatosis ndi polyangiitis, kutupa kwa chotengera chamagazi

Zizindikiro zimadalira mitsempha yomwe imakhudzidwa, ndipo imatha kuphatikiza:

• Kutaya chikhodzodzo kapena matumbo
• Kutayika kwamphamvu mu gawo limodzi kapena angapo amthupi
• Kufa kwa gawo limodzi kapena angapo amthupi
• Kujambula, kuwotcha, kupweteka, kapena zina zachilendo pamalo amodzi kapena angapo amthupi
• Kufooka gawo limodzi kapena angapo amthupi

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala ayesa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikilozo, akuyang'ana zamanjenje.

Kuti mupeze matendawa, pamafunika kukhala mavuto ndi 2 kapena malo osagwirizana amitsempha. Mitsempha yodziwika yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi iyi:

• Mitsempha ya Axillary pamanja ndi paphewa
• Minyewa yodziwika pamiyendo yakumunsi
• Mitsempha yapakatikati yapakati pamanja
• Mitsempha yachikazi mu ntchafu
• Minyewa yayikulu mdzanja
• Mitsempha ya sciatic kumbuyo kwa mwendo
• Mitsempha ya Ulnar m'dzanja

Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Electromyogram (EMG, kujambula kwamagetsi m'minyewa)
• Mitsempha ya mitsempha kuti iwonetse chidutswa cha mitsempha pansi pa microscope
• Kuyesa kwamitsempha kwamitsempha kuti muone momwe zikhumbo zaminyewa zimayendera minyewa
• Kujambula mayeso, monga x-ray

Kuyezetsa magazi komwe kungachitike ndi monga:

• Gulu la anti-nyukiliya (ANA)
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi
• Mapuloteni othandizira C
• Kujambula zojambula
• Mayeso apakati
• Chifuwa cha nyamakazi
• Mlingo wamatsenga
• Mayeso a chithokomiro
• X-ray

Zolinga zamankhwala ndi:

• Ngati kuli kotheka chitani ndi matenda omwe akuyambitsa vutoli
• Apatseni chisamaliro chothandizira kuti mukhalebe odziyimira pawokha
• Zizindikiro zowongolera

Pofuna kukonza ufulu, chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• Thandizo lantchito
• Thandizo la mafupa (mwachitsanzo, chikuku, olimba, ndi zopindika)
• Thandizo lakuthupi (mwachitsanzo, kulimbitsa thupi ndi kuyambiranso kuwonjezera mphamvu ya minofu)
• Chithandizo chamanja

Chitetezo ndichofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakumverera kapena kuyenda. Kulephera kwa kuwongolera minofu ndikuchepetsa chidwi kumatha kuonjezera ngozi yakugwa kapena kuvulala. Njira zachitetezo zikuphatikiza:

• Kukhala ndi kuyatsa kokwanira (monga kusiya magetsi usiku)
• Kuyika njanji
• Kuchotsa zopinga (monga ma rugs omwe amatha kuterera pansi)
• Kuyesa kutentha kwa madzi musanasambe
• Kuvala nsapato zotetezera (palibe zala zotseguka kapena nsapato zazitali)

Yang'anani nsapato pafupipafupi kuti zikhale zoyipa kapena zoyipa zomwe zitha kuvulaza mapazi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwachisoni ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mapazi awo (kapena malo ena okhudzidwa) nthawi zambiri ngati ali ndi mikwingwirima, malo otseguka pakhungu, kapena zovulala zina zomwe mwina siziwoneka. Kuvulala kumeneku kumatha kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa chifukwa misempha yam'deralo siyisonyeza kuvulala.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mononeuropathy angapo amatha kuvulala mitsempha yatsopano pamalo opanikizika monga mawondo ndi zigongono. Ayenera kupewa kukakamiza maderawa, mwachitsanzo, posadalira zigongono, kuwoloka mawondo, kapena kukhala ndi malo ofanana kwakanthawi.

Mankhwala omwe angathandize ndi awa:

• Mankhwala owonjezera owerengera kapena mankhwala
• Mankhwala oletsa kuchepetsa nkhawa kapena ochepetsa nkhawa kuti muchepetse kupweteka

Kuchira kwathunthu ndikotheka ngati chifukwa chimapezeka ndikuchiritsidwa, komanso ngati kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kuli kochepa. Anthu ena alibe chilema. Ena amataya pang'ono, kuyenda, kapena kutengeka pang'ono.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kupunduka, kutayika kwa minofu kapena minofu
• Kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo
• Zotsatira zamankhwala
• Kuvulala mobwerezabwereza kapena kosazindikirika kudera lomwe lakhudzidwa chifukwa chosowa chidwi
• Mavuto amgwirizano chifukwa chakusokonekera kwa erectile

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani mukawona zizindikiritso zingapo za mononeuropathy.

Njira zodzitetezera zimatengera vuto linalake. Mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda ashuga, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuyang'anira shuga wambiri m'magazi kungathandize kupewa kuti mononeuropathy isayambike.

Multiplex Mononeuritis; Multiplex Mononeuropathy; Multifocal neuropathy; Zotumphukira neuropathy - mononeuritis multiplex

• Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje

Katirji B. Kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yotumphukira. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 107.

Smith G, Manyazi INE. Ozungulira neuropathies. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 392.