Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala - mankhwala akuchipatala

Mankhwala akapanda kumwa momwe amayenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito ndipo munthu atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo, vutolo limatchedwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amamwa mankhwalawa chifukwa mankhwala omwe ali mumankhwalawo amakhala ndi zovuta zamaganizidwe. Psychoactive amatanthauza kukhala ndi mphamvu pa momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito. Mwachidule, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akhale okwera.

Mitundu yamba yamankhwala osokoneza bongo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika imaphatikizapo ma depressants, ma opioid, ndi othandizira.

ODETEMEREKA

Mankhwalawa amadziwikanso kuti opewetsa ululu komanso opepesera. Amalangizidwa kuti athetse nkhawa komanso kugona tulo.

Mitundu yamankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mayina awo amisewu ndi awa:

• Ma barbiturates, monga Amytal, Nembutal, phenobarbital, Seconal. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizira ma barb, ma feni, ma reds, mbalame zofiira, tooies, achikasu, ma jekete achikaso.
• Benzodiazepines, monga Ativan, Halcion, Klonopin Librium, Valium, Xanax. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizira mipiringidzo, ma benzos, ma blues, maswiti, mapiritsi ozizira, ma batala achi French, ma downers, matabwa, mapiritsi ogona, mitengo ya totem, matanki, zanies, ndi z-bar.
• Mankhwala ena ogona, monga Ambien, Sonata, Lunesta. Mayina amisewu akuphatikizapo A-, mapiritsi a zombie.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwera pamwamba, amadzetsa chisangalalo, chisangalalo chachikulu, ndi chisangalalo. Monga mankhwala am'misewu, opsinjika amabwera m'mapiritsi kapena makapisozi ndipo nthawi zambiri amameza.

Zovulaza za depressants pathupi ndi izi:

• Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chidwi
• Kusokonekera chiweruzo
• Kusagwirizana
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mavuto okumbukira
• Mawu osalankhula

Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali atha kukhala ndi ziwopsezo zochoka pangozi ngati atayesetsa kusiya mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi.

OPIOIDS

Opioids ndi mankhwala opha ululu amphamvu. Amalangizidwa kuti azitha kupweteka atachitidwa opaleshoni kapena njira ya mano. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira chifuwa chachikulu kapena kutsegula m'mimba.

Mitundu ya ma opioid ndi mayina awo amisewu ndi awa:

• Codeine. Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe ali ndi codeine ngati chophatikizira, makamaka omwe ali ndi chifuwa monga Robitussin AC ndi Tylenol wokhala ndi codeine. Mayina amisewu a codeine pawokha amaphatikizapo captain cody, cody, c pang'ono, ndi mwana wasukulu. Za Tylenol wokhala ndi codeine, mayina amisewu akuphatikizapo T1, T2, T3, T4, ndi mimbulu ndi zinayi. Madzi a Codeine ophatikizidwa ndi soda amatha kukhala ndi mayina amisewu monga zakumwa zofiirira, sizzup, kapena tiyi waku Texas.
• Fentanyl. Mankhwalawa ndi Actiq, Duragesic, Onsolis, ndi Sublimaze. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizapo apache, msungwana waku China, woyera wachina, malungo ovina, bwenzi, goodfella, jackpot, kupha 8, percopop, tango ndi ndalama.
• Hydrocodone: Mankhwala osokoneza bongo akuphatikizapo Lorcet, Lortab, ndi Vicodin. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizapo fluff, hydros, v-itamin, vic, vike, Watson-387.
• Morphine. Mankhwalawa ndi monga Avinza, Duramorph, Kadian, Ormorph, Roxanol. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizapo wolota, mzere woyamba, mankhwala a mulungu, M, miss emma, bambo wabuluu, nyani, morf, morpho, vitamini m, zoyera.
• Oxycodone. Mankhwalawa ndi monga Oxycontin, Percocet, Percodan, Tylox. Mayina amisewu amaphatikizapo thonje, hillbilly heroin, oc, ng'ombe, oxy, oxycet, oxycotton, percs, mapiritsi.

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ma opioid amachititsa kuti munthu akhale womasuka komanso wosangalala kwambiri. Monga mankhwala am'misewu, amabwera ngati ufa, mapiritsi kapena makapisozi, madzi. Amatha kumeza, kubayidwa jakisoni, kusuta, kulowa mu rectum, kapena kupumira kudzera m'mphuno (snorted).

Zotsatira zoyipa za ma opioid m'thupi zimaphatikizapo:

• Kudzimbidwa
• Pakamwa pouma
• Kusokonezeka
• Kusagwirizana
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kufooka, chizungulire, kugona

Mlingo waukulu, kuledzera kwa opioid kumatha kubwera, komwe kumatha kubweretsa mavuto kupuma, kukomoka, kapena kufa.

ZOLIMBIKITSA

Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa ubongo ndi thupi. Amapanga mauthenga pakati pa ubongo ndi thupi kuyenda mwachangu. Zotsatira zake, munthuyo amakhala watcheru komanso wolimbikira. Zolimbikitsa monga amphetamines zimaperekedwa kuti zithetse mavuto azaumoyo monga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda osokoneza bongo, kapena vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD).

Mitundu yazolimbikitsa komanso mayina amisewu yawo ndi awa:

• Amphetamines, monga Adderall, Biphetamine, ndi Dexedrine. Mayina amisewu amaphatikiza ma bennies, zokongola zakuda, mitanda, mitima, LA kutembenuza, kuthamanga, oyendetsa magalimoto, okwera.
• Methylphenidate, monga Concerta, Metadate, Quillivant, ndi Ritalin. Mayina amisewu akuphatikizapo JIF, ma kibulu ndi ma bits, MPH, chinanazi, r-ball, skippy, mankhwala anzeru, vitamini R.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mukhale okwera, zopatsa mphamvu zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale wosangalala, kukhala tcheru kwambiri, komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, makamaka amphetamines, kuti awathandize kukhala ogalamuka pantchito kapena kuti akaphunzire mayeso. Ena amawagwiritsa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo masewera awo.

Monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amabwera ngati mapiritsi. Amatha kumeza, kubayidwa jakisoni, kusuta, kapena kupumira mpweya kudzera m'mphuno (kuwombera).

Zovulaza zathupi lathu zimaphatikizapo:

• Mavuto amtima, monga kugunda kwa mtima, kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kutentha kwa thupi ndi khungu kutsuka
• Kuchepa kwa njala ndi kuonda
• Kutaya kukumbukira ndi mavuto kuganiza bwino
• Zisokonezo ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo
• Mavuto okhumudwa, monga nkhanza kapena chiwawa
• Kupumula ndi kunjenjemera

Nthawi zambiri simumamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo mukamamwa mankhwala oyenera paumoyo wanu.

Kuledzera kumatanthauza kuti thupi ndi malingaliro anu zimadalira mankhwala. Simungathe kuwongolera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito ndipo mumafunikira kuti muzitha pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kulolera. Kupirira kumatanthauza kuti mukusowa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuti mumve chimodzimodzi. Ndipo ngati mutayesa kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito, malingaliro anu ndi thupi lanu zimatha kukhala ndi machitidwe. Izi zimatchedwa zizindikiritso zakutha, ndipo mwina ndi izi:

• Zolakalaka zamphamvu za mankhwalawa
• Kukhala ndimasinthidwe kuchokera pakumva kupsinjika mpaka kukwiya mpaka kuda nkhawa
• Osakhoza kuyika chidwi
• Kuwona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe kulibe (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo)
• Zochita zathupi zimatha kuphatikizira kupweteka mutu, zopweteka ndi zowawa, chilakolako chofuna kudya, kusagona bwino
• Zizindikiro zowopseza moyo kwa omwe akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwanthawi yayitali

Chithandizo chimayamba ndikazindikira kuti pali vuto. Mukasankha kuti mukufuna kuchita kanthu kena kokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, gawo lotsatira ndikupeza thandizo ndi chithandizo.

Mapulogalamu azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira machitidwe popereka upangiri (chithandizo chamankhwala). Cholinga ndikukuthandizani kumvetsetsa zamakhalidwe anu komanso chifukwa chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuphatikiza abale ndi abwenzi panthawi yolangizidwa kumatha kukuthandizani kuti musakayambirenso kugwiritsa ntchito (kubwerera). Ndondomeko zamankhwala zimakuphunzitsaninso momwe mungathanirane ndi zovuta zomwe zidakupangitsani kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito kapena kubwerera m'mbuyomu.

Ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo, monga ma opioid, mankhwala amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuchepetsa zovuta za ma opioid muubongo. Mankhwala ena atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa zilakolako ndi zizindikiritso zakutha.

Ngati muli ndi matenda obwera chifukwa chosiya, mungafunikire kukhala pulogalamu yothandizidwa. Kumeneko, thanzi lanu ndi chitetezo chanu zitha kuyang'aniridwa mukamachira.

Mukachira, yang'anani pa zotsatirazi kuti muteteze kuyambiranso:

• Pitilizani kupita kuchipatala.
• Pezani zochitika zatsopano ndi zolinga m'malo mwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Khalani ndi nthawi yambiri ndi abale ndi anzanu omwe simunalumikizane nawo pomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Ganizirani kuti musawone anzanu omwe akugwiritsabe ntchito.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikudya zakudya zabwino. Kusamalira thupi lanu kumathandiza kuchira ku mavuto obwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mudzakhalanso bwino, inunso.
• Pewani zoyambitsa. Izi zimatha kuphatikizira anthu omwe mudagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zoyambitsa zitha kukhalanso malo, zinthu, kapena zotengeka zomwe zingakupangitseni kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito.

Zowonjezera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti mupeze bwino ndi izi:

• LifeRing - www.lifering.org/
• Mgwirizano Wadziko Lonse Wotsutsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo - ncapda.org
• Kubwezeretsa kwa SMART - www.smartrecovery.org/
• Kuyanjana kwa Ana Opanda Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo - drugfree.org/article/medicine-abuse-project-partners/

Dongosolo lanu lothandizira pantchito (EAP) ndichinthu chabwino.

Itanani nthawi yoti mudzakumane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati inu kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa ali wokonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo akusowa thandizo. Muyimbenso ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zakusowa komwe kumakudetsani nkhawa.

Matenda osokoneza bongo - mankhwala akuchipatala; Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo - mankhwala akuchipatala; Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo - mankhwala akuchipatala; Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala - mankhwala akuchipatala; Mankhwala osokoneza bongo - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Opioid - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Sedative - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Hypnotic - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Benzodiazepine - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Zolimbikitsa - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Barbiturate - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Codeine - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Oxycodone - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Hydrocodone - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Morphine - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala; Fentanyl - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Opioid bongo. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/index.html. Idasinthidwa pa Meyi 5, 2020. Idapezeka pa June 26, 2020.

Lipari RN, Williams M, Van Horn SL. N'chifukwa Chiyani Akuluakulu Amagwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo? Rockville, MD: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Maubwenzi Amisala Amankhwala; Center for Khalidwe Health; 2017.

Kowalchuk A, Reed BC. Matenda osokoneza bongo. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 50.

National Institute on Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika lipoti lofufuza za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/misuse-prescription-drugs/overview. Idasinthidwa mu June 2020. Idapezeka pa June 26, 2020.

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo