Croup

Croup ndi matenda am'mlengalenga omwe amachititsa kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta komanso "kukuwa" kutsokomola. Croup imayamba chifukwa chotupa kuzungulira zingwe zamawu. Ndizofala kwa makanda ndi ana.

Croup imakhudza ana azaka zitatu mpaka zaka zisanu. Zitha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse. Ana ena amatha kugundana ndipo amatha kuwapeza kangapo. Zimakhala zofala pakati pa Okutobala ndi Epulo, koma zimatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Croup nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi monga parainfluenza RSV, chikuku, adenovirus, ndi fuluwenza. Matenda owopsa kwambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya. Matendawa amatchedwa bacterial tracheitis.

Zizindikiro zonga croup zimathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• Nthendayi
• Kupuma mu chinthu chomwe chimakwiyitsa mayendedwe anu
• Reflux ya acid

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha croup ndi chifuwa chomwe chimamveka ngati chikwangwani.

Ana ambiri amakhala ndi malungo ozizira pang'ono komanso otsika kwa masiku angapo asanakhale ndi chifuwa chakuwombera komanso mawu okokoma. Pamene chifuwa chimayamba pafupipafupi, mwanayo amatha kupuma movutikira kapena stridor (phokoso lolira, lolira lomwe limapangidwa popumira).

Croup imakhala yoipa kwambiri usiku. Nthawi zambiri kumatenga mausiku 5 kapena 6. Usiku woyamba kapena awiri nthawi zambiri amakhala oipitsitsa. Kawirikawiri, croup imatha milungu ingapo.Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wa mwana wanu ngati croup imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa sabata kapena imabweranso nthawi zambiri.

Wothandizira anu atenga mbiri yazachipatala ndikufunsani za zomwe mwana wanu akukumana nazo. Wothandizirayo awunika chifuwa cha mwana wanu kuti awone:

• Kuvuta kupuma mkati ndi kunja
• Phokoso lakuwomba (kulira)
• Kuchepetsa mpweya kumveka
• Kuchotsa pachifuwa ndikupuma

Kupima pakhosi kumatha kuwonetsa epiglottis yofiira. Nthawi zingapo, ma x-ray kapena mayeso ena angafunike.

X-ray ya khosi imatha kuwulula chinthu chachilendo kapena kuchepa kwa trachea.

Nthawi zambiri croup imatha kuyendetsedwa bwino kunyumba. Komabe, muyenera kuyimbira omwe akukuthandizaniwo kuti akuthandizeni, ngakhale pakati pausiku.

Zomwe mungachite kunyumba ndi izi:

• Muwonetseni mwana wanu kuti aziziziritsa mpweya wabwino, monga bafa lotentha kapena panja mumlengalenga usiku. Izi zitha kukupumulitsani.
• Khazikitsani mpweya wabwino m'chipinda cha mwanayo ndikuugwiritsa ntchito mausiku angapo.
• Pangani mwana wanu kukhala omasuka pomupatsa acetaminophen. Mankhwalawa amachepetsanso malungo kotero kuti mwana sadzafunika kupuma movutikira.
• Pewani mankhwala a chifuwa pokhapokha mutakambirana nawo ndi omwe akukuthandizani kaye.

Wothandizira anu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala, monga:

• Mankhwala a steroid otengedwa pakamwa kapena kudzera mu inhaler
• Mankhwala a maantibayotiki (kwa ena, koma nthawi zambiri)

Mwana wanu angafunikire kuthandizidwa mchipinda chadzidzidzi kapena kukhala mchipatala ngati:

• Khalani ndi mavuto opuma omwe samatha kapena kukulira
• Khalani otopa kwambiri chifukwa cha mavuto opuma
• Khalani ndi khungu labuluu
• Simukumwa madzi okwanira

Mankhwala ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala chingaphatikizepo:

• Mankhwala opuma operekedwa ndi makina a nebulizer
• Mankhwala a steroid operekedwa kudzera mumtsempha (IV)
• Tenti ya oxygen yomwe imayikidwa pamwamba pa khola
• Madzi omwe amaperekedwa kudzera mumitsempha yotaya madzi m'thupi
• Maantibayotiki operekedwa kudzera mumitsempha

Nthawi zambiri, chubu chopumira kudzera m'mphuno kapena mkamwa chidzafunika kuti mwana wanu apume.

Croup nthawi zambiri amakhala wofatsa, komabe zitha kukhala zowopsa. Nthawi zambiri imatha masiku atatu kapena asanu ndi awiri.

Minofu yomwe imakwirira trachea (windpipe) imatchedwa epiglottis. Ngati epiglottis atenga kachilombo, mphepo yonseyo imatha kutupa. Izi ndizowopsa moyo.

Ngati kutseka kwa njira yapaulendo sikuchiritsidwa mwachangu, mwanayo atha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu kupuma kapena kupuma atha kusiya kwathunthu.

Croup yambiri imatha kuyendetsedwa bwino kunyumba ndi chithandizo cha telefoni kuchokera kwa omwe amakupatsani. Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwana wanu sakuyankha kuchipatala kapena akuchita mokwiya kwambiri.

Imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• Zizindikiro za croup mwina zimayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena chinthu chopumira.
• Mwana wanu ali ndi milomo yamtambo kapena khungu.
• Mwana wanu wakometsa.
• Mwana wanu akuvutika kumeza.
• Pali stridor (phokoso mukamapumira).
• Pali kukokerana kwa minofu pakati pa nthiti popumira.
• Mwana wanu akuvutika kupuma.

Zina mwazomwe mungachite popewa kutenga matenda ndi:

• Sambani m'manja pafupipafupi ndipo pewani kulumikizana kwambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opuma.
• Katemera wa panthawi yake. Diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae (Hib), ndi katemera wa chikuku amateteza ana ku mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya croup.

Kachilombo ka HIV; Laryngotracheobronchitis; Spasmodic croup; Kukhosomola; Laryngotracheitis

• Mapapo
• Kutupa kwa pakhosi
• Bokosi lamawu

James P, Hanna S. Kutsekeka kwapandege kwapamwamba kwa ana. Mu: Bersten AD, Handy JM, eds. Buku Lopatsa Chidwi la Oh. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 106.

[Adasankhidwa] Rodrigues KK, Roosevelt GE. Kutsekeka kwapadera kwapansi pamtunda (croup, epiglottitis, laryngitis, ndi tracheitis ya bakiteriya). Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 412.

Zadzidzidzi za kupuma kwa Rose E. Ana: kutsekeka kwapansi panjira ndi matenda. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 167.

Kufotokozera: Yellon RF, Chi DH. Otolaryngology. Mu: Zitelli BJ, McIntire Sc, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli ndi Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 24.